Air or Oxygen for Infant Resuscitation: A Prospective Cohort Study of Moderate-Late Preterm Infants Requiring Delivery Room Resuscitation.

Introduction: Due to concerns of oxidative stress and injury, most clinicians currently use lower levels of fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2, 0.21-0.3) to initiate respiratory support for moderate to late preterm (MLPT, 32-36 weeks gestation) infants at birth.

Minimally invasive surfactant therapy for moderate to late premature neonates with respiratory distress syndrome born in a non-tertiary unit.

Aim: Minimally invasive surfactant therapy (MIST) is used to deliver exogenous surfactant to preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. The objective of this study was to review the use of MIST in moderate to late preterm neonates born in a non-tertiary unit.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of neonates receiving MIST in a non-tertiary unit.

Investigation of molybdenum cofactor deficiency due to MOCS2 deficiency in a newborn baby.

Background: Molybdenum cofactor deficiency (MOCD) is a severe autosomal recessive neonatal metabolic disease that causes seizures and death or severe brain damage. Symptoms, signs and cerebral images can resemble those attributed to intrapartum hypoxia. In humans, molybdenum cofactor (MOCO) has been found to participate in four metabolic reactions: aldehyde dehydrogenase (or oxidase), xanthine oxidoreductase (or oxidase) and sulfite oxidase, and some of the components of molybdenum cofactor synthesis participate in amidoxime reductase.

Improved outcomes of extremely premature outborn infants: effects of strategic changes in perinatal and retrieval services.

Objective: The goal was to evaluate the impact of statewide coordinated changes in perinatal support and retrieval services on the outcomes of extremely premature births occurring outside perinatal centers in the state of New South Wales, Australia.

Methods: The intervention included additional, network-coordinated, perinatal telephone advice to optimize in utero transfers and centralization of the neonatal retrieval system, with preferential admission of retrieved infants (outborn infants) to perinatal centers instead of freestanding pediatric hospitals, from the middle of 1995. Population birth and NICU admission cohorts of infants of 23 to 28 weeks of gestation were studied.