Bringing home the carbon: photorespiratory CO2 recovery shows diverse efficiency in Brassicaceae.

This article comments on: 2023. display variation in efficiency of photorespiratory carbon-recapturing mechanisms. Journal of Experimental Botany 74, 6631–6649.

Evolutionary implications of C2 photosynthesis: how complex biochemical trade-offs may limit C4 evolution.

The C2 carbon-concentrating mechanism increases net CO2 assimilation by shuttling photorespiratory CO2 in the form of glycine from mesophyll to bundle sheath cells, where CO2 concentrates and can be re-assimilated. This glycine shuttle also releases NH3 and serine into the bundle sheath, and modelling studies suggest that this influx of NH3 may cause a nitrogen imbalance between the two cell types that selects for the C4 carbon-concentrating mechanism. Here we provide an alternative hypothesis outlining mechanisms by which bundle sheath NH3 and serine play vital roles to not only influence the status of C2 plants along the C3 to C4 evolutionary trajectory, but to also convey stress tolerance to these unique plants.

Limb Fasciotomy for COVID-19 Patients: Is the Chance to Cut a Chance to Cure?

Based on the findings of two consecutive cases of upper extremity compartment syndrome encountered at our institution, we hypothesize that the presence of compartment syndrome in the unstable COVID-19 patient may be associated with high mortality and low limb salvage rates. A literature search was conducted with key search terms, including "compartment syndrome, fasciotomy, COVID, and coronavirus." Articles describing patients with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis who developed extremity compartment syndrome were included in our study.

Transfusion Ethics in a Pediatric Jehovah's Witness Trauma Patient: Simulation Case.

Introduction: Current ethical practice allows for adult patients with decision-making capacity to refuse blood transfusion, even at the cost of high morbidity or mortality. However, for an adult patient who is of the Jehovah's Witness faith, an unwanted blood transfusion confers a psychospiritual cost to the patient and a financial cost to health care entities. The ethical boundaries are increasingly ambiguous with minors who are members of the Jehovah's Witness faith.

An exploratory study of pregnant women's knowledge of child oral health care in New Zealand.

Background: To be maximally effective, oral health preventive strategies should start at birth. There appear to be few reports on pregnant women's knowledge of oral health care for their developing children.

Objectives: This exploratory study assessed Dunedin expectant mothers' knowledge of the oral health care of their future children.

Do peer guidelines or editorial policies affect the reporting and discussion of race and ethnicity in pediatric research?

Objectives: Two policy statements published in pediatric journals encouraged researchers not to use race and ethnicity [R/E] to explain cohort differences without collecting and analyzing data that examine the potential underlying social mechanisms. We sought to determine if these statements had any impact on the reporting and discussion of R/E and sociodemographic markers [SM].

Methods: Articles in three general pediatric journals between July 2002 and June 2003 were reviewed, and were compared with previously collected data from July 1999-June 2000.