Patients treated by magnetic growing rods for early-onset scoliosis reach the expected average growth.

Introduction: Magnetic controlled growing rods (MCGRs) are one of the most common procedures to treat early-onset scoliosis (EOS). One of the major concerns is that patients treated with MGCR do not reach an adequate height with MGCR. The present study has one of the largest sample sizes of EOS patients treated by MGCR.

Correction of a severe coronal malalignment in adult spinal deformity using the "kickstand rod" technique as primary surgery.

Objective: Adult spinal deformity (ASD) is a growing healthcare issue due to the aging population. A satisfying spine balance in both sagittal and coronal planes is achieved through surgery. Only few studies about the coronal alignment correction with the kickstand rod were reported in the literature, until now.

Spontaneous Vertebral Aspergillosis, the State of Art: A Systematic Literature Review.

Objective: Vertebral aspergillosis is quite rare conditions, often misdiagnosed, that requires long-term antibiotic therapy, and sometimes, surgical treatments. The present investigations were aimed to investigate the epidemiology, clinical-radiological aspects, treatment protocols, and outcomes of Aspergillus-mediated vertebral osteomyelitis.

Methods: A systematic review of the pertinent English literature according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines was performed.

Deep deltoid ligament injury is related to rotational instability of the ankle joint: a biomechanical study.

Purpose: In the athletic population, the prevalence of isolated syndesmotic lesions is high. To detect potential instability of the ankle is crucial to define those lesions in need of surgical management. The aim was to define how the extent of tibio-fibular syndesmotic ligament injury influences the overall stability of the ankle joint in a cadaver model.

Radiological evaluation of fusion patterns after lateral lumbar interbody fusion: institutional case series.

Introduction: There is no consensus on how to evaluate segmental fusion after lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF). Bone bridges (BB) between two contiguous vertebra are reported as pathognomonic criteria for anterior fusion. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no radiological investigations on zygapophyseal joints (ZJ) status after LLIF.

Biological strategies to enhance rotator cuff healing.

Rotator cuff tear causes a high rate of morbidity. After surgical repair, the presence of a scar tissue reduces tendon biomechanical properties. Emerging strategies for enhancing tendon healing are growth factors, cytokines, gene therapy and tissue engineering.

Synthetic grafts for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Several artificial biomaterials are available as ligament grafts. No ideal prosthesis mimicking natural human tissue have been found to date. The emerging field of tissue engineering holds the promise to use artificial ligaments as a viable alternative to the patellar or hamstring tendon autografts.

A review of preclinical and clinical studies using synthetic materials for meniscus replacement.

The emerging field of tissue engineering holds the promise to use bio-materials for meniscus injury repair, namely scaffold or meniscus implant. Many implants have been studied and several studies have been conducted to verify the safety and quality of scaffolds. Preliminary data support the idea that synthetic implants can provide an alternative to menyscectomy helping to preserve the cartilage and preventing arthritis in patient with menisci injuries.

Bilateral suprascapular nerve entrapment by ganglion cyst associated with superior labral lesion.

Suprascapular nerve compression is a rare cause of shoulder pain. We report the clinical features, radiological findings, arthroscopic management and outcome of three patients with suprascapular nerve compression caused by labral ganglion cyst associated with SLAP lesion. We performed simultaneous suture anchor SLAP repair and cyst decompression with a blunt probe.

Osteoarthritis: new insights in animal models.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most frequent and symptomatic health problem in the middle-aged and elderly population, with over one-half of all people over the age of 65 showing radiographic changes in painful knees. The aim of the present study was to perform an overview on the available animal models used in the research field on the OA. Discrepancies between the animal models and the human disease are present.