The abundance of yellow-legged gulls breeding in the historic centre of Venice, Italy and the initial effects of the new waste collection policy on the population.

Unlabelled: The yellow-legged gull has undergone widespread colonization of the urban environment in the recent past. The first urban breeding gulls were recorded in the historical centre of Venice, Italy, in 2000, and by 2005 there were already 24 roof-nesting pairs, with this number increasing significantly over the last decade. In 2016, a new door-to-door garbage collection system was introduced in Venice to prevent the accumulation of rubbish in the streets and limit the trophic resources available for the species.