TH1 Cell Frequency and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Hemodialysis: Potential Contributions to Patient Monitoring.

Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) often exhibit an impaired cellular immune response, which may contribute to an increased susceptibility to infections and other complications. Th1 cells, a subset of T-helper cells, play a crucial role in cellular immunity. However, the modulation of Th1 cells by HD treatment remains unclear.

Case report: Primary CDK4/6 inhibitor and endocrine therapy in locally advanced breast cancer and its effect on gut and intratumoral microbiota.

Locally advanced breast cancer poses significant challenges to the multidisciplinary team, in particular with hormone receptor (HR) positive, HER2-negative tumors that classically yield lower pathological complete responses with chemotherapy. The increasingly significant use of CDK 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) plus endocrine therapy (ET) in different breast cancer settings has led to clinical trials focusing on this strategy as a primary treatment, with promising results. The impact of the microbiota on cancer, and vice-versa, is an emerging topic in oncology.

Long-term locoregional recurrence in patients treated for breast cancer.

Background/purpose: Locoregional control in breast cancer is a fundamental part of treatment and determinant for survival outcomes. It has been reported that most locoregional recurrence (LRR) events occur in the first 5 years after treatment. However, LRR continue to occur after this timeline, with unclear risk factors and unknown survival impact.

Health-Related Quality of Life After Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy: Results From the INSPIRE Registry.

Introduction: Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) is increasingly used for both breast cancer (TNSM) and risk reduction (RRNSM). The aim of the study is to report the results of the INSPIRE registry assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) comparing baseline and 1-year follow-up, regarding surgical indications and chemotherapy (CT) received.

Methods: INSPIRE is a prospective database including women undergoing NSM and IBR from 18 countries.

Locoregional recurrence in skin-sparing and nipple-sparing mastectomies.

Background: Skin- and nipple-sparing mastectomies (SSMs/NSMs) present as an alternative for patients requiring mastectomy, with better aesthetic results. We aimed to evaluate the locoregional recurrence (LRR) rate and its predictive factors.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of all consecutive cases of SSM and NSM for a primary diagnosis of in situ or invasive breast cancer, at a national cancer center, from January 1st, 2013 to May 31st, 2019.

Renal transplantation in Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome: should we?

Background: Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) Syndrome is a rare genodermatosis caused by a mutation on folliculin gene, with a strong link to renal cancer. To date few patients with such condition have reached dialysis stage, as nephron-sparing surgery is usually possible at the time of diagnosis. To our best knowledge no patient with BHD syndrome has been submitted to renal transplantation.

LDL-cholesterol signaling induces breast cancer proliferation and invasion.

Lipids and cholesterol in particular, have long been associated with breast cancer (BC) onset and progression. However, the causative effects of elevated lipid levels and breast cancer remain largely undisclosed and were the subject of the present study.We took advantage of well-established in vitro and in vivo models of cholesterol enrichment to exploit the mechanism involved in LDL-cholesterol favouring BC growth and invasiveness.

Prevalence of genital abnormalities in neonates.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of genital abnormalities among neonates in two public maternity-schools.

Methods: Case-control, cross-sectional descriptive study. Genital morphology of 2,916 neonates was assessed using a clinical protocol between 04/19/2010 and 04/18/2011.

Use of peritoneal dialysis after surgery for congenital heart disease in children.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in children after surgery for congenital heart disease, and peritoneal dialysis (PD) is usually the renal replacement therapy (RRT) of choice, especially in very young children. The aim of the present study was to describe our experience of using PD to treat AKI after cardiac surgery. We retrospectively analyzed children 1 week to 16 years of age undergoing cardiac surgery during 2000-2008 and found the incidence of AKI treated with PD to be 2.

Salvage of malpositioned and malfunctioning peritoneal dialysis catheters by manipulation with a modified Malecot introducer.

Percutaneous peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter manipulation successfully corrects displacement and contributes to catheter salvage. We describe a new device for the percutaneous treatment of malpositioned PD catheters, the modified Malecot introducer technique, which is an improvement over previous methods because its flexible consistency also allows the manipulation of swan-neck catheters. Twenty-one patients experienced catheter displacement managed by the new introducer: 12 males, average time in PD 13.