Eliciting potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is a major goal in HIV-1 vaccine development. Here, we describe how germline-targeting immunogen BG505 SOSIP germline trimer 1.1 (GT1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Nutr
April 2023
Aims: To investigate the influence of fasting during the night shift on eating behavior, hunger, glucose and insulin levels the following day.
Methods: Study with 10 male police officers who have been working at night. Participants were tested under three different conditions separated by at least 6 days of washout in a randomized, crossover design: "Night Shift Fasting" (NSF)-two nights of fasting during the night shift; "Night Shift Eating" (NSE)-two nights with the consumption of a standardized meal during the night shift (678 ± 42 kcal consumed at ~ 0200 h); and "Nighttime Sleep" (NS)-two nights of sleep.
Objective: To evaluate the influence of patient characteristics on hyperlactatemia in an infected population admitted to intensive care units and the influence of hyperlactatemia severity on hospital mortality.
Methods: A post hoc analysis of hyperlactatemia in the INFAUCI study, a national prospective, observational, multicenter study, was conducted in 14 Portuguese intensive care units. Infected patients admitted to intensive care units with a lactate measurement in the first 12 hours of admission were selected.
The aim of the study was to investigate whether time-related eating patterns are associated with the daily intake of calories and macronutrients in Brazilian male military police officers (n = 81; 29-day and 52-night workers; mean age: 36.4 ± 0.9 and 38.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Augmented renal clearance (ARC) is common in critically ill patients and may lead to subtherapeutic levels of antibiotics, thus influencing clinical outcomes and emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. The aim of this systematic review was to search the literature for recommendations concerning dosage adjustment for antibiotics administered to critically ill patients with ARC.
Methods: A search of three electronic databases (Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane) was conducted from inception until the end of March 2021, using terms related to: 1) pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD), 2) antibiotic, 3) ARC and 4) critically ill.
Previous studies have identified social jetlag (SJL) as a risk factor for non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCDs), but its association with metabolic control over time is unclear in the literature. Therefore, we examined the influence of SJL on metabolic parameters and blood pressure (BP) in patients with NCCDs over a 1-year follow-up. This retrospective, longitudinal study included 625 individuals (age: 56.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLudwig's angina is a deep neck space infection defined as a rapidly progressive bilateral cellulitis of the submandibular space. In spite of being an uncommon entity in developed countries and the reduction of mortality and morbidity due to modern era of antibiotics, improved imaging and airway management, it is still an important and potentially life-threatening condition. The authors present 3 cases of Ludwig's angina that occurred in a developed country, and that required admission in intensive care unit and extensive surgical and medical treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronobiol Int
July 2021
It is typical of night workers to consume a large dinner meal before their work shift, even though this practice may increase the risk for metabolic disorders. Night workers usually eat at night to socialize with colleagues as well as to stay alert and to avoid upset stomach during the night shift. However, little is known if and how the composition of the nighttime meal by night shift workers influences their food perceptions and eating behavior later during the day.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronic disruption of the synchronous relationship between endogenous and exogenous circadian timing is associated with the development of obesity and metabolic disease. Social jetlag is a measure of circadian misalignment and has been identified as a risk factor for overweight and related diseases. However, the mechanisms involved in this relationship remain underexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Aims: Overweight polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients present exacerbation of clinical symptoms and increased risk for chronic diseases. The effects of inadequate dietary intake have been investigated in body weight gain in PCOS women. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary pattern and to analyze possible associations with the metabolism and body composition in PCOS women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSocial jetlag - a measure of disruption of the circadian system - has been linked to obesity, but its association with metabolic complications in non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCDs) is unknown in the literature. We examined the associations between social jetlag and obesity status and metabolic parameters among individuals with NCCDs. Patients (n = 792) with NCCDs (obesity, systemic arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus or dyslipidaemia) attended clinics of the public health service of the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn individual's chronotype is a trait which reflects his/her diurnal preferences for the times of rest and activities, and displays a continuum from morningness to eveningness. Studies have shown that eveningness tends to be associated with a less healthy lifestyle, including increased likelihood of developing obesity. In this study, we examined the relationship between chronotype and food intake, physical sleep and activity in 72 resident physicians (52 women and 20 men).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUndergraduate students experience a form of circadian misalignment - known as "social jetlag" - that represents the discrepancy in timing between their circadian and social clocks. Whilst social jetlag is not dependent upon chronotype, the two phenomena tend to be related; evening types show a tendency to have a greater social jetlag, for example. Moreover, evening types have been found to be more likely to have inadequate eating habits than do morning types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShift work and long hours of work are common in medical training and have been associated with a higher propensity for developing nutritional problems and obesity. Changes in leptin and ghrelin concentrations - two hormones that contribute importantly to the central regulation of food intake - are poorly described in this population. The aim of this study was to identify possible negative associations between sleep patterns, nutritional status and serum levels of adipokines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShiftwork is common in medical training and is necessary for 24-h hospital coverage. Shiftwork poses difficulties not only because of the loss of actual sleep hours but also because it can affect other factors related to lifestyle, such as food intake, physical activity level, and, therefore, metabolic patterns. However, few studies have investigated the nutritional and metabolic profiles of medical personnel receiving training who are participating in shiftwork.
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