Changes in the Diagnoses of Breast Core Needle Biopsies on Second Review at a Tertiary Care Center: Implications for Surgical Management.

Core needle biopsy (CNB) of breast lesions is routine for diagnosis and treatment planning. Despite refinement of diagnostic criteria, the diagnosis of breast lesions on CNB can be challenging. At many centers, including ours, confirmation of diagnoses rendered in other laboratories is required before treatment planning.

Morphologic subtypes of lobular carcinoma in situ diagnosed on core needle biopsy: clinicopathologic features and findings at follow-up excision.

Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is currently classified as classic (CLCIS), florid (FLCIS), and pleomorphic (PLCIS). Given the rarity of FLCIS and PLCIS, information on their clinico-pathologic features and biologic potential remains limited. We evaluated the upgrade rates at excision of FLCIS and PLCIS diagnosed on inhouse core needle biopsy (CNB) and their clinical presentation and follow-up.

Human Microbiota and Breast Cancer-Is There Any Relevant Link?-A Literature Review and New Horizons Toward Personalised Medicine.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy and the second cause of cancer-specific death in women from high-income countries. Recently, gut microbiota dysbiosis emerged as a key player that may directly and/or indirectly influence development, treatment, and prognosis of BC through diverse biological processes: host cell proliferation and death, immune system function, chronic inflammation, oncogenic signalling, hormonal and detoxification pathways. Gut colonisation occurs during the prenatal period and is later diversified over distinct phases throughout life.

Non-invasive lobular neoplasia of the breast: Morphologic features, clinical presentation, and management dilemmas.

The designation of noninvasive lobular neoplasia applies to atypical epithelial proliferations composed of noncohesive cells secondary to loss or functional alteration of E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion. The morphologic spectrum of noninvasive lobular neoplasia encompasses atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) and classic lobular carcinoma in situ (classic LCIS) and two LCIS variants, namely florid LCIS (F-LCIS) and pleomorphic LCIS (P-LCIS), as defined in the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Breast 5th ed. Herein, we review the morphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of noninvasive lobular neoplasia, with special emphasis on F-LCIS and P-LCIS.

How does it feel to be a pathology resident? Results of a survey on experiences and job satisfaction during pathology residency.

Residents' career choices and professional motivation can be affected from perception of their role and recognition within a medical team as well as their educational and workplace experiences. To evaluate pathology trainees' perceptions of their pathology residency, we conducted a 42-item survey via a web-based link questioning respondents' personal and institutional background, workplace, training conditions, and job satisfaction level. For the 208 residents from different European countries who responded, personal expectations in terms of quality of life (53%) and scientific excitement (52%) were the most common reasons why they chose and enjoy pathology.

Dynamics of SOX2 and CDX2 Expression in Barrett's Mucosa.

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the replacement of the normal esophageal squamous epithelium by a columnar lining epithelium. It is a premalignant condition for the development of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction. BE is associated with gastroesophageal reflux which might change the expression profile of key transcription factors involved in the establishment of tissue differentiation, namely, SOX2 (associated with esophageal and gastric differentiation) and CDX2 (associated with intestinal differentiation).

Neuroendocrine tumours of the female genital tract: a case-based imaging review with pathological correlation.

Background: Both primary and secondary gynaecological neuroendocrine (NE) tumours are uncommon, and the literature is scarce concerning their imaging features.

Methods: This article reviews the epidemiological, clinical and imaging features with pathological correlation of gynaecological NE tumours.

Results: The clinical features of gynaecological NE tumours are non-specific and depend on the organ of origin and on the extension and aggressiveness of the disease.