Upper Limb Compartment Syndrome-An Extremely Rare Life-Threatening Complication of Cutaneous Anthrax.

(1) Background: Cutaneous anthrax is a disease caused by a Gram-positive bacillus, spore-forming (BA). Cutaneous anthrax accounts for 95% of all anthrax cases, with mortality between 10-40% in untreated forms. The most feared complication, which can be life-threatening and is rarely encountered and described in the literature, is compartment syndrome.

Polymicrobial Bacterial Meningitis in a Patient with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: Case Report and Literature Review.

Polymicrobial meningitis is a rare entity in the adult population, especially in the antibiotic era. However, disorders such as chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) or even poor oral hygiene are considered risk factors for the development of such cerebral infection. We report a case of polymicrobial meningitis associated with oto-mastoiditis in a 64-year-old female patient known to have CSOM.

Prospective analysis of febrile neutropenia patients with bacteraemia: the results of an international ID-IRI study.

Objectives: Bacteraemia during the course of neutropenia is often fatal. We aimed to identify factors predicting mortality to have an insight into better clinical management.

Methods: The study has a prospective, observational design using pooled data from febrile neutropenia patients with bacteraemia in 41 centres in 16 countries.

Antibiotic Usage in the COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit of an Infectious Diseases Hospital from Nord-Eastern Romania.

The intensive care unit (ICU), especially in an infectious disease hospital, is both an area with a high consumption of antibiotics (atb) and a "reservoir" of multidrug-resistant bacteria. We proposed the analysis of antibiotic therapy practices in such a department that treated, in conditions of a pandemic wave, patients with COVID-19 and its complications. This was a retrospective transversal study of 184 COVID-19 patients treated in the ICU of a regional infectious disease hospital of Iaşi, Romania, in a 3-month interval of 2020 and 2021.

Optimization of Therapy and the Risk of Probiotic Use during Antibiotherapy in Septic Critically Ill Patients: A Narrative Review.

Optimizing the entire therapeutic regimen in septic critically ill patients should be based not only on improving antibiotic use but also on optimizing the entire therapeutic regimen by considering possible drug-drug or drug-nutrient interactions. The aim of this narrative review is to provide a comprehensive overview on recent advances to optimize the therapeutic regimen in septic critically ill patients based on a pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic approach. Studies on recent advances on TDM-guided drug therapy optimization based on PK and/or PD results were included.

Profile of Newly Diagnosed Patients with HIV Infection in North-Eastern Romania.

: Human immunodeficiency virus infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) pandemic are unquestionably the most serious public crisis of our time. Identifying, preventing, and treating HIV-associated comorbidities remains a challenge that must be addressed even in the era of antiretroviral therapy. : In this study, we aimed to characterize the aspects of newly diagnosed patients with HIV/AIDS, during 2021-2022 in Northeastern Romania.

Assessment and outcome of hospitalized patients during delta variant COVID-19 pandemic: A multicenter international study.

Introduction: To date, the world has experienced four waves of the Coronavirus disease- 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Patients infected during the era of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Delta variant were the subject of this study. The objectives were to describe their clinical manifestations, explain their laboratory and radiological findings, conclude factors contributing to clinical outcomes, and evaluate treatment protocols.

Seroprevalence of Anti-Hepatitis E Virus Antibodies among Patients from a Tertiary Hospital from Northeast Romania.

. Being an enterically transmitted pathogen with a growing prevalence in developed countries, hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection remains an underdiagnosed disease in Eastern Europe. As far as Romania is concerned, only a few studies address this issue.

Impact of Non-Pharmacological Interventions on the Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis remains the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide characterized by the deposition of lipids and fibrous elements in the form of atheroma plaques in vascular areas which are hemodynamically overloaded. The global burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is steadily increasing and is considered the largest known non-infectious pandemic. The management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is increasing the cost of health care worldwide, which is a concern for researchers and physicians and has caused them to strive to find effective long-term strategies to improve the efficiency of treatments by managing conventional risk factors.

Clinical significance of early IgA anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection in patients from a Romanian referral COVID-19 hospital.

Controlling the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) includes institute isolation, quarantine measures and appropriate clinical management, which all require effective screening, diagnostic and prognostic tools. The present study aimed to analyze severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)A detection and determine the potential association with the clinical course of COVID-19 and the levels of inflammation. In the present study, the presence of IgA and IgG SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in 75 consecutive patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection was investigated.

RT- PCR testing of upper respiratory tract samples for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2: Between justification and overestimation, a multi-center international study.

Background: It has been found that patients recovered from COVID 19 may still test Reverse Transcriptase- Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT- PCR) positive without being infectious; the reasons are unclear. The occurrence of false-negative results of RT- PCR interferes with a proper diagnosis. The objectives of that work were to determine factors associated with persistently detectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA among recovered hospitalized patients and to determine the incidence of false-negative RT-PCR results and associated factors.

Effects of Exercise Training on the Autonomic Nervous System with a Focus on Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidants Effects.

Studies show that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) has an important impact on health in general. In response to environmental demands, homeostatic processes are often compromised, therefore determining an increase in the sympathetic nervous system (SNS)'s functions and a decrease in the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)'s functions. In modern societies, chronic stress associated with an unhealthy lifestyle contributes to ANS dysfunction.

Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of xyloglucan and gelose for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children.

Background: Oral rehydration is the main treatment of acute diarrhea in children. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and safety of xyloglucan and gelose (agar-agar) plus oral rehydration solution (ORS) compared with placebo and ORS for reduction of acute diarrhea symptoms in children.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, children with acute gastroenteritis received xyloglucan/gelose plus ORS (n = 50) or placebo plus ORS (n = 50) for 5 days.

Neurosyphilis Masquerading as Stroke in an 84-year-old.

The case of an 84 years old woman with uncharacteristic neurologic and cognitive symptoms, suspected of ischemic stroke is presented. Following an extensive assessment in the departments of neurology and internal medicine, the unusual aetiology of stroke was identified as meningovascular neurosyphilis. The patient fully recovered after antibiotic therapy.

THE NEED FOR HBV GENOTYPING: A COST-EFFICIENT APPROACH.

The outcome of chronic HBV infection is variable; approximately one half of individuals transition to an inactive carrier state, 30% progress to cirrhosis, and the remainder to chronic hepatitis. Ten different HBV genotypes and many subtypes have been identified with distinct geographical distributions. Over the years, a lot of studies presented the efficiency of different genotyping methods; for this reason we aimed to present a cost efficient genotyping diagnosis algorithm of CHB infected patients, especially useful to identify those at risk of disease progression and determine optimal anti-viral therapy as useful instrument for physicians.

Hamsi scoring in the prediction of unfavorable outcomes from tuberculous meningitis: results of Haydarpasa-II study.

Predicting unfavorable outcome is of paramount importance in clinical decision making. Accordingly, we designed this multinational study, which provided the largest case series of tuberculous meningitis (TBM). 43 centers from 14 countries (Albania, Croatia, Denmark, Egypt, France, Hungary, Iraq, Italy, Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, Syria, Turkey) submitted data of microbiologically confirmed TBM patients hospitalized between 2000 and 2012.

Viral meningitis admitted to an infectious diseases hospital: a retrospective case series.

Unlabelled: Given its epidemic potential and development of severe forms of disease, viral meningitis (VM) is a serious public health problem.

Aim: to characterize the main clinical, epidemiologic features, the etiology and treatment of VM cases admitted to the Iasi Infectious Diseases Hospital, in 2012.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of the patients admitted for viral meningitis at the Iasi "St.

Clinical and biological features of adult toxocariasis.

Aim: To determine the main clinical signs and symptoms of adult toxocariasis and the relationship between anti-Toxocara canis antibody levels, symptoms, and the other biological parameters.

Material And Methods: Prospective study conducted in the interval 2008 - 2011 in a series of 457 adult patients from Moldova, Romania. The ELISA method was used to detect the presence of IgG antibodies against T.

Tuberculosis meningo-encephalitis with positive csf for KB and slowly favourable evolution. Case report.

Background: Meningoencephalitis produce by Koch bacillus is a disease including various symptoms, with often atypical onset and evolution, and with an etiological diagnosis being rarely established. It therefore remains a disease with severe prognosis, despite adequate treatment.

Case Report: a 47 years old male from Neamt County, with chronic otitis in his recent medical history, comes to the emergency room for fever, severe headache, confusion, equilibrium disorders, influenced health status, and meningeal irritation signs.

Dyadic adjustment in HIV sero-concordant and sero-discordant couples.

Aim: The HIV infected population in Romania is at an age when engaging in a serious relationship is more and more an issue. Dyadic adjustment is the process which most couples go through, in their attempt to form a steady relationship. It is represented by important changes that appear in one's perception of himself and the significant other.

[Adult toxocariasis].

Aim: Epidemiological study on a statistically significant population for determining the true degree of Toxocara canis infections in the adults from Moldova, Romania.

Methods: 457 patients, 416 females and 41 males (91% and 9%, respectively) entered the study. Mean age of the investigated patients was 44.

[Pulmonary toxoplasmosis in immunosuppressed patient].

Pulmonary toxoplasmosis occurs mainly in immunosuppressed patients and its diagnosis mainly relies upon biological confirmation of the parasite. We present the case of a 47 years patient in medullar aplasia after induction chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia that developed pulmonary infiltrates of parasitic origin. The diagnosis of pulmonary toxoplasmosis was established after identification of the parasite in brochioloalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) and peripheral blood.

Zoonotic Cryptosporidium parvum in Romanian newborn lambs (Ovis aries).

This study was undertaken to investigate the occurrence and public health significance of Cryptosporidium species/genotypes and subtypes in a newborn lambs. A total of 175 diarrheic fecal samples from lambs (younger than 21 days) were collected in seven sheep flocks located in western Romania, and were microscopically examined for the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts after staining with modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique. Twenty-four (13.

Operational scores in the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis. A semi-quantitative assessment.

Starting from the quantification of the specific lesions for chronic hepatitis B and C, our study focused on (i) the correspondence between the necroinflammatory activity and the fibrosis stage ascertained through the Ishak scoring system, (ii) the classification overlaps and differences of Ishak vs. METAVIR score. The study group consisted of 202 cases with chronic hepatitis B and 751 cases with chronic hepatitis C, diagnosed based on liver biopsies.