Exploring Distinct Second-Order Data Approaches for Thiamine Quantification via Carbon Dot/Silver Nanoparticle FRET Reversion.

Accurate and selective monitoring of thiamine levels in multivitamin supplements is essential for preventing deficiencies and ensuring product quality. To achieve this, a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) system using carbon dots (CDs) as energy donors and citrate-stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as energy acceptors was developed. The aqueous synthesis of AgNPs using microwave irradiation was optimized to obtain efficient plasmonic nanoparticles for FRET applications, targeting maximal absorbance intensity, stability, and wavelength alignment.

Immunometabolic reprogramming in macrophages infected with active and dormant : differential modulation of respiration, glycolysis, and fatty acid utilization.

Dormancy is an adaptation in which cells reduce their metabolism, transcription, and translation to stay alive under stressful conditions, preserving the capacity to reactivate once the environment reverts to favorable conditions. Dormancy and reactivation of () are closely linked to intracellular residency within macrophages. Our previous work showed that murine macrophages rely on the viable but not cultivable (VBNC-a dormancy phenotype) fungus from active , with striking differences in immunometabolic gene expression.

Practical laboratory class to assess gene silencing using CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) technology in the archaeon Haloferax volcanii.

Perturbation of gene expression using RNA interference (RNAi) or CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) is a useful strategy to explore the function of essential genes. In the archaeon Haloferax volcanii, the CRISPR-Cas system has been adapted as a CRISPRi tool to silence the expression of specific genes. We developed a laboratory class (LC) to conceptualize gene silencing through inactivation of the H.

Epiglottic injury and airway management - a challenging and unexpected diagnosis.

Patients with facial trauma are complex; difficult airway management is often anticipated and challenging for the anaesthetist. Awake tracheal intubation is the gold standard in the management of predicted difficult airway because of its high success rate and safety profile. We present the case of a patient with facial trauma who underwent orotracheal intubation with combined videolaryngoscopy and flexible bronchoscopy, under conscious sedation with intermittent boluses of ketamine and dexmedetomidine.

Plasma proteomics for novel biomarker discovery in childhood tuberculosis.

Failure to rapidly diagnose tuberculosis disease (TB) and initiate treatment is a driving factor of TB as a leading cause of death in children. Current TB diagnostic assays have poor performance in children, and identifying novel non-sputum-based TB biomarkers to improve pediatric TB diagnosis is a global priority. We sought to develop a plasma biosignature for TB by probing the plasma proteome of 511 children stratified by TB diagnostic classification and HIV status from sites in four low- and middle-income countries, using high-throughput data-independent acquisition mass-spectrometry (DIA-PASEF-MS).

Influence of agarose in semi-IPN hydrogels for sustained Polymyxin B release.

Hydrogels (HGs) are 3-D polymeric networks with high water content, making them appropriate for biomedical applications such as drug delivery systems. This study examines the impact of agarose in semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (Semi-IPNs) based on poly(acrylic acid) (p(AA)), N, N' Methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) and agarose (AGA) on the sustained release of Polymyxin B (PolB). Agarose incorporation improved the mechanical strength, swelling behavior and drug retention capacity of the HG.

Optical immunosensor panel using quantum dot-antibody conjugates for highly sensitive detection of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9).

This study introduces a fluorescent immunosensor colour panel with antibody-conjugated quantum dots for detecting CA19-9 in human serum. The immunosensors presented decreasing fluorescence with increasing CA19-9 concentrations, with a linear detection range from 0.01 to 501.

Multifunctional properties of peptides derived from black cricket (Gryllus assimilis) and effects of in vitro digestion simulation on their bioactivities.

Insects are a rich source of proteins and are produced in systems that have lower environmental impact. As an alternative protein source, they can be consumed directly or used as an ingredient in other formulations. Recently, there has been growing interest in utilizing insect proteins as a substrate to obtain bioactive peptides as well as in investigating the maintenance of their biological properties under physiological conditions.

Socio-affective communication in Tph2-deficient rat pups: communal nesting aggravates growth retardation despite ameliorating maternal affiliation deficits.

Background: A lack of serotonin (also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) in the brain due to deficiency of the rate-limiting enzyme in 5-HT synthesis, tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2), was recently reported to result in impaired maternal affiliation across species, including mice, rats, and monkeys. In rodents, this was reflected in a lack of preference for maternal odors and reduced levels of isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations (USV), possibly contributing to a severe growth retardation phenotype.

Methods: Here, we tested whether growth retardation, maternal affiliation deficits, and/or impairments in socio-affective communication caused by Tph2 deficiency can be rescued through early social enrichment in rats.

Predictors of Hepatic Fibrosis in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Background/objectives: Approximately 25% of the world's population and more than 60% of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The association between these pathologies is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Brazil and worldwide due to the high frequency of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiologic and clinical-laboratory profile of patients with T2D and MASLD treated at an endocrinology reference service in a state in northeastern Brazil, and to investigate the association of liver fibrosis with anthropometric and laboratory measurements.

Chemometrically driven multiplexed metal ion detection using a triple emitting quantum dots-based nanoprobe.

Metal ion pollution poses a global concern due to its significant risks to both human health and environmental well-being. The toxicity of these ions can increase when they coexist, interacting with each other and with other harmful substances, even at low concentrations. Therefore, an accurate, rapid, and cost-effective methodology is urgently needed for the simultaneous quantification of multiple metal ions.

Epidural Catheter Bacterial Colonization and Infection in a Secondary Portuguese Hospital Setting.

Background and study goal Epidural analgesia is effective for postoperative pain control but carries risks of infection, including bacterial colonization. This study aimed to determine the incidence of epidural catheter colonization and infection in a Portuguese hospital, identify common microorganisms and antibiotic resistance profiles, and assess potential risk factors. Materials and methods We conducted a prospective observational study from November 2022 to March 2023 in a Portuguese secondary care center.

Differential diagnosis: Understanding nonverbal learning disorder and autism spectrum disorder.

Previous research has suggested that children with Nonverbal Learning Disorder (NLD) share similar clinical profiles to those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Three groups of children were identified for the purpose of the current study: NLD ( = 41), ASD ( = 55), and ASD with a NLD profile ( = 17). Children who met DSM-5 criteria for ASD after a neuropsychological evaluation were included in this sample.

Recurrent Medial Malleolar Stress Fracture: A Case Report and Discussion of Risk Factors.

Stress fractures of the medial malleolus are uncommon and considered high-risk due to potential complications such as progression to complete fracture, delayed union, nonunion, and chronic pain. Identified risk factors include varus alignment of the lower limb, chronic anteromedial impingement, excessive pronation/supination, broad talar neck, and ankle instability. To our knowledge, no reports of recurrence after surgical treatment have been reported.

Discovery of novel thiosemicarbazone-acridine targeting butyrylcholinesterase with antioxidant, metal complexing and neuroprotector abilities as potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease: In vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies.

Inhibition of cholinesterases, combined with antioxidant activity, metal-chelating capacity, and neuroprotection, is recognized as an effective multitarget therapy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Based on our in-house thiosemicarbazone-acridine compounds, this study recognized these derivatives as possible multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL). Initial screening against cholinesterases identified CL-01, which exhibited a promising IC value of 0.

Relationship Between Vitamin D Insufficiency and Anemia in Older Adults: An Approach Considering Clinical Aspects and Food Insecurity.

Background/objectives: Studies have shown a high prevalence of anemia and vitamin D insufficiency in older adults, and the literature suggests a relationship between these two conditions, as vitamin D insufficiency may impair erythrocyte synthesis. Food insecurity refers to the lack of regular access to sufficient and nutritious food, which can directly affect health by worsening conditions such as anemia and vitamin D insufficiency. This study evaluated the association between vitamin D insufficiency and anemia in older adults.

Enhanced Thermodynamic Stability of Delithiated Nano-LiCoO by Lanthanum Doping.

The dynamic environment within lithium-ion batteries induces significant changes in local thermodynamic functions, hampering the accurate prediction of the stability of the cathodes during cycling. While delithiation primarily affects the surface properties of the cathode structure, there is a lack of fundamental understanding concerning the evolution of interfacial energies with varying stoichiometry. Here, we used microcalorimetry to quantify the thermodynamic changes between the stoichiometric and partially delithiated nano-LiCoO states for the first time.

Machine-guided design of cell-type-targeting cis-regulatory elements.

Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) control gene expression, orchestrating tissue identity, developmental timing and stimulus responses, which collectively define the thousands of unique cell types in the body. While there is great potential for strategically incorporating CREs in therapeutic or biotechnology applications that require tissue specificity, there is no guarantee that an optimal CRE for these intended purposes has arisen naturally. Here we present a platform to engineer and validate synthetic CREs capable of driving gene expression with programmed cell-type specificity.

Mistreatment, Abuse, and Gender-Based Violence During Childbirth: A Longitudinal Analysis of Obstetric Violence in México (2011-2021).

This longitudinal retrospective study of mistreatment, abuse, and gender-based violence during childbirth uses two population representative samples of Mexican women to analyze the incidence of obstetric violence in Mexico from 2011 to 2021. Our assessment is that there are more continuities than changes in the phenomenon and our study does not find evidence to support the claims of increases in obstetric violence during the 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic. Conceptually it differentiates between acts of violence, disrespect, and abuse, based on socially constructed gender differences (gender-based violence), and those more generally related to medical authoritarianism and the biomedical model that confers medical professionals a more powerful and higher status relative to that of their patients.

Positions of the Mandibular Foramen and Canal in Different Skeletal Classes and Implications for Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy.

Objectives: To evaluate the positions of the mandibular foramen (MF) and mandibular canal (MC) between different skeletal classes to highlight the implications for bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using cone-beam computed tomography on 90 patients classified into classes I, II and III. Linear measurements were performed on multiplanar reconstructions as follows: from the MF to the edge of the mandibular ramus (1), to the mandibular notch (2), to the ramus width (3) and to the occlusal plane (4); and from the MC to the alveolar crest (A), to the lower border of the mandible (B) and to the mandibular buccal cortical bone (C).

Effects of multisession prefrontal cortex tDCS or taVNS on stress, perceived stress and sleep quality: a double-blind, randomized controlled study.

Introduction: Chronic stress is a condition characterized by prolonged stimulation, leading to mental and physical weakness. It can have detrimental effects on individuals' mental health and cognitive function, potentially causing various health issues. This article explores the potential of non-invasive neuromodulation techniques, specifically transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), in managing chronic stress and improving sleep quality.