Telephone lifestyle intervention to prevent diabetes in women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus attending the national health system: the LINDA-Brasil clinical trial.

Objectives: To evaluate a postpartum telephone-based lifestyle intervention to prevent diabetes in high-risk women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Design: Multicentre parallel randomised clinical trial.

Setting: Specialised antenatal clinics in the Brazilian National System.

Eating behavior and dietary practices are associated with age, sex, body mass index, and body fat in individuals with type 2 diabetes and/or hypertension in Brazil.

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), hypertension, and obesity are major contributors to global mortality. This study aimed to evaluate eating behavior and dietary practices among individuals with T2DM and/or hypertension, examining their associations with sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics. We hypothesized that these factors may contribute to body mass index (BMI) and body fat (BF) levels in these individuals.

Red cell distribution width is associated with cardiovascular risk in adults.

Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measure of erythrocyte size variability. Recent studies have shown that RDW is a predictive, and prognostic marker of mortality and cardiovascular (CVD) events in the general population and in CVD patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between RDW and CVD risk in a large sample of adults.

Oral preanesthetic medication in children ... comparison between midazolam alone and in combination with ketamine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Up to 60% of pediatric surgical patients develop high levels of preoperative anxiety. This study compared the effects of oral combinations of midazolam and ketamine with oral midazolam alone for pediatric preanesthetic medication.

Methods: The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42020172920.

Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor binding and the incidence of type 2 diabetes: the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Background: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may cause diabetes, in part through aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) binding. Ensuing mitochondrial dysfunction is postulated to mediate this effect. We aim to investigate the association of POPs with incident diabetes indirectly by bio-assaying AhR ligand bioactivity and intracellular ATP level induced by participant serum samples.

Intermediate hyperglycaemia to predict progression to type 2 diabetes (ELSA-Brasil): an occupational cohort study in Brazil.

Background: The burden of diabetes is increasing worldwide and diabetes can be prevented with intervention in people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Intermediate hyperglycaemia defined without an oral glucose tolerance test as impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and high HbA are also used to characterise risk. We aimed to assess the prognostic properties of five definitions of intermediate hyperglycaemia (also known as prediabetes) on the basis of their ability to predict who will progress to diabetes.

Non-HDL-C goals based on the distribution of population percentiles in ELSA-Brasil: Is it time to change?

Background And Aims: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) goals are defined as 30 mg/dL (0.78 mmol/L) higher than the respective low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals. This definition, however, do not consider the population distribution of non-HDL-C, which could represent a more appropriate individual goal when both markers are discordant.

Variability in baseline laboratory measurements of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Multi-center epidemiological studies must ascertain that their measurements are accurate and reliable. For laboratory measurements, reliability can be assessed through investigation of reproducibility of measurements in the same individual. In this paper, we present results from the quality control analysis of the baseline laboratory measurements from the ELSA-Brasil study.

Lifestyle INtervention for Diabetes prevention After pregnancy (LINDA-Brasil): study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a hyperglycemic state detected during pregnancy, is an established risk factor for diabetes. However, treatment during pregnancy in and of itself is not able to eliminate this risk, and a considerable fraction of women with GDM will develop frank diabetes in the decade following pregnancy. Our aim is to conduct a multicenter randomized controlled trial to investigate the effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention program implemented after a pregnancy complicated by GDM in delaying or preventing the development of type 2 diabetes.

Glucose and triglyceride excursions following a standardized meal in individuals with diabetes: ELSA-Brasil study.

Objective: To assess glucose and triglyceride excursions 2 hours after the ingestion of a standardized meal and their associations with clinical characteristics and cardiovascular complications in individuals with diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: Blood samples of 898 subjects with diabetes were collected at fasting and 2 hours after a meal containing 455 kcal, 14 g of saturated fat and 47 g of carbohydrates. Self-reported morbidity, socio-demographic characteristics and clinical measures were obtained by interview and exams performed at the baseline visit of the ELSA-Brasil cohort study.

[Design and implementation of the ELSA-Brasil biobank: a prospective study in a Brazilian population].

The Brazilian Longitudinal Study for Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) is a multicenter prospective cohort of civil servants designed to assess the determinants of chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. The present article describes the main design and implementation points of the ELSA-Brasil biobank project. Economic, political, logistical and technological aspects of this study are characterized.

[Logistics of collection and transportation of biological samples and the organization of the central laboratory in the ELSA-Brasil].

The ELSA (Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto - Brazilian Longitudinal Study for Adult Health) is a multicenter cohort study which aims at the identification of risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in the Brazilian population. The paper describes the strategies for the collection, processing, transportation, and quality control of blood and urine tests in the ELSA. The study decided to centralize the tests at one single laboratory.

Determination of the lysosomal hydrolase activity in blood collected on filter paper, an alternative to screen high risk populations.

This study aimed to determine the enzymatic activity in dried blood samples collected on filter paper (DBS) for the diagnosis of the following diseases: Fabry, Pompe, Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) and Mucopolysaccharosis type VI (MPS VI). DBS was used for high risk patientscreening, according to clinical suspicion. Plasma, leukocytes and cultured fibroblasts were used to confirm the diagnosis when necessary.

LAMP2 as a marker of EBV-mediated B lymphocyte transformation in the study of lysosomal storage diseases.

Following the degradative pathway, vesicles loaded with extracellular material, eventually, dock and fuse with lysosomes, acquiring specific membrane markers of these organelles and acid hydrolases responsible for digest their content. The lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP-2), the best characterized lysosomal membrane protein, is found in late stages of endosome maturation and may be used as a marker of lysosome-associated membranes. Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are described by the absence or deficiency in hydrolase activity leading to substrate accumulation within lysosomal components and to the onset of several diseases.

Screening of high-risk Gaucher disease patients in Brazil using miniaturized dried blood spots and leukocyte techniques.

This study investigates the miniaturization of the screening technique using dried blood spots on filter paper (DBS) to measure GBA and CT activities, and GBA and β-galactosidase activities in leukocytes. 274 DBS from individuals with suspected GD were screened for 1.5 years.

Effect of sample collection, temperature and time of storage on β-galactosidase and total hexosaminidase activities in dried blood collected on filter paper.

Background: Dried blood spots (DBS) on filter paper is a valuable sampling technique in clinical chemistry, but the stability of enzymes used in the diagnosis of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) needs to be evaluated.

Methods: In a first experiment, blood from 20 subjects was collected using a syringe without additives and distributed into EDTA tubes, heparin tubes, and spotted on filter paper for the comparison of sampling effects. In a second experiment, blood from 30 healthy subjects was spotted on filter paper and analyzed for β-galactosidase and total hexosaminidase activities after storage of the samples at different temperatures for up to 180 days.

Influence of pre-analytical factors on α-galactosidase A, arylsulfatase B and α-glucosidase activities measured on dried blood spots on filter paper.

Objectives: To analyze the effect of blood collection and storage conditions on activity of α-galactosidase A, arylsulfatase B and α-glucosidase.

Design And Methods: Blood was collected in EDTA, heparin, or direct spotting on filter paper and stored at different temperatures (-20, 4, 25 and 37°C) and storage times (3, 10, 17 and 180 days). The influence of filter paper size was also assessed (3.

Newborn screening for biotinidase deficiency in Brazil: biochemical and molecular characterizations.

Biotinidase deficiency is an inherited metabolic disorder characterized by neurological and cutaneous symptoms. Fortunately, it can be treated and the symptoms prevented by oral administration of the vitamin biotin. Using dried blood-soaked filter paper cards, biotinidase activity was determined in the sera of 225,136 newborns in Brazil.

Application of a protocol for the detection of disorders of sialic acid metabolism to 124 high-risk Brazilian patients.

Lysosomal storage disorders (LSD) present great clinical variability. Included in this group are sialic acid metabolism disorders (SAMD). In the present study, we describe the application of a 3-step protocol for the diagnosis of SAMD, including (1).

[Public figures on trial: an assessment of the use of the "jury court" technique for city officials in Santa Catarina, Brazil].

This study describes the 'Law Court' technique as applied to City Health Departments in the State of Santa Catarina, in dealing with the issue of obligations on the part of public officials. The project was the first part of a training course for public administrators held in 1997. The article presents the technique's components and results.