[Shortened antimicrobial therapy duration].

SHORTENED ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY DURATION. Antibiotic treatment durations represent an important field of current clinical research. Indeed, shortening antibiotic duration during bacterial pathologies has several advantages: reducing the emergence of resistance on an individual and collective scale, reducing costs, adverse effects and the environmental impact.

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam for the Treatment of Complicated Infections in Hospital Settings-A French Real-world Study.

Background: This study describes the conditions of use of ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) and associated outcomes in French hospital settings.

Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, French observational study. Patients who received at least 1 dose of C/T were included and followed up as per routine clinical practice, until stop of C/T.

Dalbavancin plasma concentrations in 133 patients: a PK/PD observational study.

Objectives: Limited pharmacokinetics data support dalbavancin long-term use in off-label indications and the optimal dosing regimen is debated. We aimed to describe dalbavancin concentrations in an observational retrospective multicentre study.

Methods: Patients from 13 French hospitals, treated with 1500 mg doses of dalbavancin and for whom therapeutic drug monitoring was performed from June 2018 to March 2021 were included.

Knowledge of recommended antibiotic treatments for community-acquired infections in general medical practice: a cross-sectional study in Occitanie region, France.

To assess and analyse the knowledge of recommended antibiotic treatments, focusing on the appropriate drugs and treatment durations for the most common community-acquired infections in general medical practice in Occitanie region, France. A web-based survey was conducted over a 3-month period, from October, 2018 to January, 2019. All participants answered directly through the online platform.

Real-world evaluation of ceftolozane/tazobactam therapy and clinical outcomes in France.

Objectives: To describe the real-world clinical use of ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) and associated outcomes in France.

Patients And Methods: Multicenter, prospective cohort study conducted in 22 hospitals. All adult patients who received at least one dose of C/T were asked to participate (2018-2019).

[Prevention of postoperative or associated of care pelvic inflammatory diseases. Is there a need for antibiotic prophylaxis for first trimester surgical-induced abortion to prevent pelvic inflammatory diseases? CNGOF good practice points].

Antibiotic prophylaxis is not recommended during surgical induced abortions. Systematic screening for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrheae infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on a vaginal sample is recommended before any surgical abortion. Moreover, the bacteriological result should be available before the abortion so that antibiotic treatment effective against the identified bacteria, if any, can be proposed before the procedure.

Pelvic inflammatory diseases: Updated French guidelines.

Pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID) must be suspected when spontaneous pelvic pain is associated with induced adnexal or uterine pain (grade B). Pelvic ultrasonography is necessary to rule out tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) (grade C). Microbiological diagnosis requires endocervical and TOA sampling for molecular and bacteriological analysis (grade B).

[Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases: Updated Guidelines for Clinical Practice - Short version].

Objectives: To provide up-to-date guidelines on management of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

Methods: An initial search of the Cochrane database, PubMed, and Embase was performed using keywords related to PID to identify reports in any language published between January 1990 and January 2012, with an update in 2018. All identified reports published in French and English relevant to the areas of focus were included.

[Prevention of postoperative or associated of care pelvic inflammatory diseases: CNGOF and SPILF Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases Guidelines].

Numerous prophylactic antibiotic regimens (PBR) have been evaluated particularly in surgical abortion, hysterosalpingography or caesarean section, but few randomized comparative trials are available. Recommendations for PBR should take into account, expected and demonstrated benefits that reduce the risk of surgical site infection, but also the impact on the microbiota, the risk of bacterial resistance selection, and the overall cost to the community. In addition, antibiotic prophylaxis is not the only one factor to reduce the risk of surgical site infection, such as preventive measures and good hygiene practices.

Are infection specialists recommending short antibiotic treatment durations? An ESCMID international cross-sectional survey.

Objectives: To evaluate the current practice and the willingness to shorten the duration of antibiotic therapy among infection specialists.

Methods: Infection specialists giving at least weekly advice on antibiotic prescriptions were invited to participate in an online cross-sectional survey between September and December 2016. The questionnaire included 15 clinical vignettes corresponding to common clinical cases with favourable outcomes; part A asked about the antibiotic treatment duration they would usually advise to prescribers and part B asked about the shortest duration they were willing to recommend.

Proposal for shorter antibiotic therapies.

Objectives: Reducing antibiotic consumption has now become a major public health priority. Reducing treatment duration is one of the means to achieve this objective. Guidelines on the therapeutic management of the most frequent infections recommend ranges of treatment duration in the ratio of one to two.

Less-drug regimen including atazanavir in maintenance treatment of HIV infection: how, who, when, why?

For many patients living with HIV-1, the efficacy of combined ART (cART) has made the infection turn to a chronic disease. Because cART is associated with a risk of long-term toxicity, switching patients with virological success to another therapy remains a major issue. Studies undertaken and published over recent years have shown that switching patients exhibiting virological suppression to less-drug regimens (LDR) is a possible option of maintenance strategy.