Metronidazole Modified-Release Therapy Using Two Different Polymeric Systems Gels or Films: Clinical Study for the Treatment of Periodontitis.

This study evaluated the efficacy of semisolid systems (gels) and films containing a combination of metronidazole (MTZ) and metronidazole benzoate after scaling and root-planing (SRP) for periodontitis. In total, 45 patients with stage I or II periodontitis were enrolled and divided into 3 groups: 1-SRP-control; 2-SRP + Film with MTZ; 3-SRP + Gel with MTZ. The pH of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) before/after treatments, MTZ concentrations, and drug release using high-performance liquid chromatography were investigated.

Assessment of peripheral venous catheters microbiota and its association with phlebitis.

Background: Peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) remain the primary mode of short-term venous access for managing intravenous fluid, obtaining blood samples, and peripheral parenteral nutrition. They may get contaminated and require regular monitoring to prevent complications. This study evaluated the occurrence of phlebitis and its associated-clinical and microbiological indicators.

Microbial Leakage through Three Different Implant-Abutment Interfaces on Morse Taper Implants In Vitro.

The objective of this study was to evaluate microbial leakage by means of genome counts, through the implant-abutment interface in dental implants with different Morse taper abutments. Fifty-six samples were prepared and divided in four groups: CMC TB (14 Cylindrical Implants-14 TiBase Abutments), CMX TB (14 Conical Implants-14 TiBase Abutments), CMX PU (14 Conical Implants-14 Universal Abutment) and CMX U (14 Tapered Implants-14 UCLA Abutments). Assemblies had their interface submerged in saliva as the contaminant.

Bacterial Detection, Deformation, and Torque Loss on Dental Implants with Different Tapered Connections Compared with External Hexagon Connection after Thermomechanical Cycling.

The relationship between bacterial infiltration and internal conical Implant-Abutment Interfaces (IAIs) with different conicities still requires investigations that can offer valuable information in the clinical understanding of peri-implant health. The present study aimed to verify the bacterial infiltration of two internal conical connections with an angulation of 11.5° and 16° with the external hexagonal connection as a comparative after thermomechanical cycling using saliva as a contaminant.

In situ evaluation of microbial profile formed on Ti-6Al-4V additive manufacturing disks: 16S rRNA sequencing.

Statement Of Problem: Dental implants obtained by additive manufacturing may present changes in the microbiome formed. However, studies profiling the microbial communities formed on Ti-6Al-4V are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this in situ study was to characterize the profile of the microbial communities formed on Ti-6Al-4V disks produced by additive manufacturing and machining.

Bacterial response to Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta alloy incorporated with calcium, phosphate and magnesium.

High implant survival rates have been achieved in recent decades due to continual modifications in implant design and surface topography, however there is still an ongoing quest to control peri-implant bone loss. The objective of this work was to develop Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta (TNZT) alloys, perform physicochemical and morphological characterization of their surface modified by electrolytic oxidative plasma technique with ions related to osseointegration and lastly evaluate bacterial colonization in vitro. Three groups were evaluated: C group (polished TNZT), CaP group (sodium β glycerophosphate + calcium acetate) and Mg group (magnesium acetate).

Bacterial Leakage Evaluation Through DNA-DNA Checkerboard Hybridization Technique in Morse Taper Implant-Abutment Connections: An In Vitro Study.

The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the activity of local gel containing metronidazole (MN) in the leakage area, which was analyzed by the DNA-DNA checkerboard hybridization method. Thirty-six sets of Morse taper/mini-pillar implants were used in this study. These implants were equally divided into the following three groups: MN gel (test group), no MN gel (negative test group), and no gel (control).

Clinical and In Situ Oral Biofilm Formation on Dental Implant Abutment Materials: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: This review aimed to summarize the current literature on the oral biofilm formation on alternative abutment materials compared with titanium (Ti) or Ti alloy in clinical and in situ conditions.

Materials And Methods: An electronic database search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, LIVIVO, BVS, ProQuest, and OpenGrey up to November 2020. Clinical and in situ studies evaluating the biofilm formed on metallic, ceramic, or polymeric abutment materials compared with Ti or Ti alloy were included.

Self-ligating brackets exhibit accumulation of high levels of periodontopathogens in gingival crevicular fluid.

Different types of brackets seem to influence the disruption of the oral microbial environment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of self-ligating brackets on the gingival crevicular fluid levels of the putative periodontal pathogens Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans sorotype a (Aaa), Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Sixty samples of crevicular fluid of twenty patients (11 boys and 9 girls) were analysed at baseline (T0) and after 30 (T1) and 60 (T2) days of bonding of the self-ligating (In-OvationR, Dentsply, GAC or SmartClip™, 3 M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) and of one conventional bracket (Gemini™, 3 M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) used with elastomeric ligatures.

Non-surgical periodontal debridement affects subgingival bacterial diversity in patients with HIV-1 and periodontitis.

Background: Following human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection and antiretroviral therapy, the development of periodontal disease was shown to be favored. However, the influence of HIV-1 infection on the periodontal microbiota after non-surgical periodontal debridement (NSPD) needs a broad comprehension. This work aimed to compare the subgingival microbiological content of patients infected with HIV-1 and controls (non-infected) with periodontitis undergoing NSPD.

Expression of virulence factors by Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm after bacteriophage infection.

The use of bacteriophages for the treatment of bacterial infections has been extensively studied. Nonetheless, the stress response regarding bacteriophage infection and the expression of virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa after phage infection is poorly discussed. In this study, we evaluated biofilm formation capacity and expression of virulence factors of P.

Clinical study of the biofilm of implant-supported complete dentures in healthy patients.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to quantify the area covered by biofilm and identify bacteria and yeasts present in mandibular acrylic resin full-arch implant-supported fixed prostheses.

Background: Biofilm control of implant-supported fixed prosthesis is hampered by their design, and it can cause oral and systemic problems, mainly in immunocompromised patients like the elder. Knowledge about microbiota reinforces the awareness about the need for periodic professional cleaning maintenance.

Microbial communities of titanium versus zirconia abutments on implant-supported restorations: Biodiversity composition and its impact on clinical parameters over a 3-year longitudinal prospective study.

Background: Shifts in microbial communities are common over time, but they may disturb the host-microbiome homeostasis and result in inflammation of the peri-implant issues if a dysbiotic biofilm is established.

Purpose: Considering that different oral substrate surfaces may have a relevant impact on the microbial adhesion and colonization, the aim of this study was to investigate the microbial communities of the biofilm formed on single-implant restorations using titanium or zirconia abutments and how they correlate with clinical parameters after 3-years of implant loading.

Materials And Methods: MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons was used to characterize the oral biofilms of individuals (n = 20) who were sampled longitudinally during 3 years of masticatory loading.

Comparison of oral microbiome profile of polymers modified with silver and vanadium base nanomaterial by next-generation sequencing.

This study aimed to evaluate two methods of the incorporation of nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgVO) into acrylic resin and characterize the profile of early and late microbial communities in class and family taxonomic level by pyrosequencing. The specimens were made by adding different concentrations of AgVO (1, 2.5, and 5%) to the heat-activated acrylic resin by two methods: vacuum spatulation (VS) and polymeric film (PF).

Genomic Evaluation of Formed Biofilm on Dental Implants with Different Surface Treatments Associated with Zirconia or Titanium Abutments: An In Vitro Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the formed biofilm on two types of implant surfaces (hydrophilic or hydrophobic) associated with titanium (Ti) or zirconia (Zn) abutments.

Materials And Methods: Samples were separated into four groups according to type of surface and abutment used (n = 10): (1) hydrophobic/Ti abutment, (2) hydrophilic/Ti abutment, (3) hydrophobic/Zn abutment, and (4) hydrophilic/Zn abutment. Implant-abutment assemblies were incubated with human saliva and supragingival biofilm.

Brushing associated with oral irrigation in maintaining implants and overdentures hygiene - a randomized clinical trial.

Evaluate, through a randomized clinical trial, the efficacy of brushing associated with oral irrigation in maintaining implant and overdenture hygiene. Thirty-eight participants, who had a clinically acceptable conventional maxillary complete denture and mandibular overdenture retained by either implants or mini-implants using an O-ring-retained system, were enrolled to participate in the study. They were instructed to use two different hygiene methods, in a random sequence for a period of 14 days, with a 7-day wash-out interposed period: (I) mechanical brushing (MB); (II) association of mechanical brushing with oral irrigation (WP).

A 3-year longitudinal prospective study assessing microbial profile and clinical outcomes of single-unit cement-retained implant restorations: Zirconia versus titanium abutments.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the microbiological and clinical outcomes of implant-supported restorations on zirconia or titanium abutments after 3 years in function.

Materials And Methods: Twenty two-part dental implants were placed in 20 healthy individuals in need of single-tooth replacement. Ceramic-based reconstructions were cemented in either zirconia or titanium abutments.

Influence of a Retentive Shoulder Design to Prevent Early Failure of Three Core Build-Ups.

This study evaluated the influence of a retentive shoulder design to prevent early failure of three resin composite build-ups on molars. Ninety-six intact extracted human maxillary third molars were assigned to two groups (n=48) based on occlusal, buccal cusps only and all cusps reduction. The groups were divided into two subgroups: pin retained and non-pin retained build-ups resulting in four groups (n=24), according the cusps reduction: pin retained/partial, pin retained/complete, non-pin retained/partial, non-pin retained/complete.

Iodoform and silver-coated abutments preventing bacterial leakage through the implant-abutment interfaces: In vitro analysis using molecular-based method.

Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an iodoform paste and silver-coated abutments in preventing the microbial colonization and leakage through the implant-abutment interface of morse taper and internal hexagon implants.

Material And Methods: Seventy-two implants with morse taper (n = 36) or internal hexagon connections (n = 36) were investigated. Implants were treated with iodoform paste (n = 12), silver-coated abutments (n = 12), or control (n = 12).

Microbial species associated with dental caries found in saliva and in situ after use of self-ligating and conventional brackets.

Objectives: Enamel demineralization is among the main topics of interest in the orthodontic field. Self-ligating brackets have been regarded as advantageous in this aspect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the break homeostasis in the oral environment and the levels of microorganisms associated with dental caries among the different types of brackets.

Orthodontic appliances did not increase risk of dental caries and periodontal disease under preventive protocol.

Objectives: To assess periodontal parameters and microbial species levels after orthodontic appliance placement in patients who received oral hygiene instructions and who were monitored and motivated throughout the study.

Materials And Methods: The Periodontal Index was recorded and saliva collection was performed before (T0) and 30 (T1), 60 (T2), and 90 (T3) days after orthodontic appliance placement in 15 patients (mean age 17.53 ± 8.

Oral Biofilm Formation on Different Materials for Dental Implants.

Dental implants and their prosthetic components are prone to bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. The use of materials that provides low microbial adhesion may reduce the prevalence and progression of peri-implant diseases. In view of the oral environment complexity and oral biofilm heterogeneity, microscopy techniques are needed that can enable a biofilm analysis of the surfaces of teeth and dental materials.

Analysis of the oral microbiome on the surface of modified dental polymers.

Objectives: This study characterized the microbial diversity of formed biofilm on the surface of acrylic resins modified with nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgVO) after incubation in human saliva.

Design: Resin specimens prepared with AgVO at concentrations 0%, 1%, 2.5%, and 5% by either vacuum mixing or polymer solubilization were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Oral bacterial colonization on dental implants restored with titanium or zirconia abutments: 6-month follow-up.

Objective: This investigation aimed to characterize in a 6-month follow-up the microbial profile of implants restored with either titanium or zirconia abutments at the genus or higher taxonomic levels.

Methods: Twenty healthy individuals indicative for implant-retained single restorations were investigated. Half of participants were restored with titanium and half with zirconia abutments.

Genome analysis and clinical implications of the bacterial communities in early biofilm formation on dental implants restored with titanium or zirconia abutments.

This cross-sectional study aimed to identify and quantify up to 42 target species colonizing the early biofilm of dental implants restored with titanium or zirconia abutments. A total of 720 samples from 20 healthy individuals were investigated. Biofilm samples were collected from the peri-implant sulci, inner parts of implants, abutment surfaces and prosthetic crowns over a functioning period of 30 days.