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Introducción: Las razones por las cuales los pacientes abandonan un tratamiento para adicciones son poco estudiadas. Materiales y métodos: Mediante un análisis cuanti-cualitativo se evaluaron los datos de 55 pacientes que interrumpieron una propuesta ambulatoria intensiva entre junio del 2019 y noviembre del 2021 y sus respuestas a un cuestionario. Resultados: La tasa de abandono fue del 29,2%, con una mediana [IC del 95%] de 113 días [47-255].

Preliminary Evaluation of Bioactive Collagen-Polyphenol Surface Nanolayers on Titanium Implants: An X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Bone Implant Study.

To endow an implant surface with enhanced properties to ensure an appropriate seal with the host tissue for inflammation/infection resistance, next-generation bone implant collagen-polyphenol nanolayers were built on conventional titanium surfaces through a multilayer approach. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis was performed to investigate the chemical arrangement of molecules within the surface layer and to provide an estimate of their thickness. A short-term (2 and 4 weeks) in vivo test of bone implants in a healthy rabbit model was performed to check possible side effects of the soft surface layer on early phases of osteointegration, leading to secondary stability.

Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses Incorporated into an Injectable Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Sustained Co-Release of Sr Ions and -Acetylcysteine.

An injectable delivery platform for promoting delayed bone healing has been developed by combining a thermosensitive polyurethane-based hydrogel with strontium-substituted mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG_Sr) for the long-term and localized co-delivery of pro-osteogenic Sr ions and an osteogenesis-enhancing molecule, -Acetylcysteine (NAC). The incorporation of MBG_Sr microparticles, with a final concentration of 20 mg/mL, did not alter the overall properties of the thermosensitive hydrogel, in terms of sol-to-gel transition at a physiological-like temperature, gelation time, injectability and stability in aqueous environment at 37 °C. In particular, the hydrogel formulations (15% polymer concentration) showed fast gelation in physiological conditions (1 mL underwent complete sol-to-gel transition within 3-5 min at 37 °C) and injectability in a wide range of temperatures (5-37 °C) through different needles (inner diameter in the range 0.

Functionalization with a Polyphenol-Rich Pomace Extract Empowers a Ceramic Bone Filler with In Vitro Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Pro-Osteogenic Properties.

Oral diseases and periodontitis in particular are a major health burden worldwide, because of their association with various systemic diseases and with conditions such as peri-implantitis. Attempts have been made over the years to reverse bone loss due to the host disproportionate inflammatory response and to prevent failure of dental implants. To this end, the use of biomaterials functionalized with molecules characterized by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties could represent a new frontier for regenerating functional periodontal tissues.

Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Activity of a New Class of Silver Citrate-Based Compounds as Endodontic Irrigants.

In the present study, the cytotoxicity and the antimicrobial activity of two silver citrate-based irrigant solutions were investigated. Cytotoxicity of various concentrations (0.25%, 0.

Polyphenols from grape pomace induce osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells.

Polyphenols are increasingly investigated for the treatment of periodontitis and research on their use in dental biomaterials is currently being conducted. Grape pomace extracts are a rich source of polyphenols. In the present study, the polyphenols of two different types of grape pomace were characterized and identified by high‑performance liquid chromatography‑diode array detector, and the effect of polyphenol‑rich grape pomace extracts on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteogenic differentiation was investigated.

Antioxidant mesoporous Ce-doped bioactive glass nanoparticles with anti-inflammatory and pro-osteogenic activities.

Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs) are emerging biomaterials for bone repair/regeneration, considering their favorable pro-osteogenic and proangiogenic activities. To further improve their therapeutic effects, the endowment of MBGNs with additional antioxidant properties is of particular interest to target oxidative stress related to bone remodeling and diseases. To this end, we developed antioxidant cerium-containing MBGNs (Ce-MBGNs) (particle size of 100-300 ​nm) by using a postimpregnation strategy to incorporate Ce, through which the shape, pore structure, and dispersity of the nanoparticles were preserved.

Silver Decorated Mesoporous Carbons for the Treatment of Acute and Chronic Wounds, in a Tissue Regeneration Context.

Introduction: Silver decorated mesoporous carbons are interesting systems that may offer effective solutions for advanced wound care products by combining the well-known anti-microbial activity of silver nanoparticles with the versatile properties of ordered mesoporous carbons. Silver is being used as a topical antimicrobial agent, especially in wound repair. However, while silver shows bactericidal properties, it is also cytotoxic at high concentrations.

Improvement of the Physical Properties of Guided Bone Regeneration Membrane from Porcine Pericardium by Polyphenols-Rich Pomace Extract.

To achieve optimal performances, guided bone regeneration membranes should have several properties, in particular, proper stiffness and tear resistance for space maintenance, appropriate resorption time, and non-cytotoxic effect. In this work, polyphenol-rich pomace extract (PRPE), from a selected grape variety (Nebbiolo), rich in proanthocyanidins and flavonols (e.g.

Covalently-Linked Hyaluronan versus Acid Etched Titanium Dental Implants: A Crossover RCT in Humans.

Biochemical modification of titanium surfaces (BMTiS) entails immobilization of biomolecules to implant surfaces in order to induce specific host responses. This crossover randomized clinical trial assesses clinical success and marginal bone resorption of dental implants bearing a surface molecular layer of covalently-linked hyaluronan in comparison with control implants up to 36 months after loading. Patients requiring bilateral implant rehabilitation received hyaluronan covered implants in one side of the mouth and traditional implants in the other side.

Permanent wettability of a novel, nanoengineered, clinically available, hyaluronan-coated dental implant.

The objectives of this study are to evaluate long-term wettability of novel surface-engineered, clinically available dental implants, featuring a surface nanolayer of covalently linked hyaluronan, and to confirm the relationships between wetting properties and surface nanostructure and microstructure. Wettability measurements were performed on clinically available hyaluronan-coated Grade 4 titanium implants, packaged and sterile, that is, in the "on the shelf" condition, after 1 year from production. Wetting properties were measured by the Wilhelmy plate method.

The Incorporation of Strontium to Improve Bone-Regeneration Ability of Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses.

Over the recent years, mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) gained interest as bone regeneration systems, due to their excellent bioactivity and ability to release therapeutic molecules. In order to improve the bone regeneration ability of MBGs, the incorporation of Sr ions, due to its recognized pro-osteogenenic potential, represents a very promising strategy. In this study, MBGs based on the SiO₂⁻CaO system and containing different percentages (2 and 4 mol %) of strontium were prepared by two synthesis methods, in the form of microspheres and nanoparticles.

The combination of kinetic and flow cytometric semen parameters as a tool to predict fertility in cryopreserved bull semen.

Within recent years, there has been growing interest in the prediction of bull fertility through in vitro assessment of semen quality. A model for fertility prediction based on early evaluation of semen quality parameters, to exclude sires with potentially low fertility from breeding programs, would therefore be useful. The aim of the present study was to identify the most suitable parameters that would provide reliable prediction of fertility.

Engineered porous scaffolds for periprosthetic infection prevention.

Periprosthetic infection is a consequence of implant insertion procedures and strategies for its prevention involve either an increase in the rate of new bone formation or the release of antibiotics such as vancomycin. In this work we combined both strategies and developed a novel, multifunctional three-dimensional porous scaffold that was produced using hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), coupled with a pectin (PEC)-chitosan (CHIT) polyelectrolyte (PEI), and loaded with vancomycin (VCA). By this approach, a controlled vancomycin release was achieved and serial bacterial dilution test demonstrated that, after 1week, the engineered construct still inhibits the bacterial growth.

Novel bioceramic-reinforced hydrogel for alveolar bone regeneration.

Unlabelled: The osseointegration of dental implants and their consequent long-term success is guaranteed by the presence, in the extraction site, of healthy and sufficient alveolar bone. Bone deficiencies may be the result of extraction traumas, periodontal disease and infection. In these cases, placement of titanium implants is contraindicated until a vertical bone augmentation is obtained.

Bacterial Biofilm Morphology on a Failing Implant with an Oxidized Surface: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study.

This case report provided a unique opportunity to investigate the extent of microbiota infiltration on the oxidized implant surface that has been compromised by peri-implantitis. Scanning electron microscopic analysis confirmed the etiologic role of the bacteria on the loss of supporting structure and the difficulty in complete removal of bacterial infiltration on the implant surface. This case report emphasizes the need to perform definitive surface decontamination on failing dental implants prior to a regeneration procedure.

In Vitro Cytokine Expression and In Vivo Healing and Inflammatory Response to a Collagen-Coated Synthetic Bone Filler.

The goal of the present work was to investigate the relationship between in vivo healing and inflammatory response and in vitro cytokine expression by macrophages of a synthetic bone filler (25% hydroxylapatite-75% β-tricalcium phosphate) bearing a surface nanolayer of collagen. A clinically accepted, state-of-the-art xenograft material was used as a "negative control," that is, as a material that provides the correct clinical response for the intended use. In vitro data show that both materials exert a very low stimulation of proinflammatory cytokines by macrophages, and this was confirmed by the very mild inflammatory response detected in in vivo tests of local response in a rabbit model.

Multifunctional commercially pure titanium for the improvement of bone integration: Multiscale topography, wettability, corrosion resistance and biological functionalization.

The objects of this research are commercially pure titanium surfaces, with multifunctional behavior, obtained through a chemical treatment and biological functionalization. The explored surfaces are of interest for dental implants, in contact with bone, where several simultaneous and synergistic actions are needed, in order to get a fast and effective osseointegration. The here described modified surfaces present a layer of titanium oxide, thicker than the native one, with a multi-scale surface topography (a surface roughness on the nano scale, which can be overlapped to a micro or macro roughness of the substrate) and a high density of OH groups, that increase surface wettability, induce a bioactive behavior (hydroxyapatite precipitation in simulated body fluid) and make possible the grafting of biomolecules (alkaline phosphatase, ALP, in the present research).

Collagen type I coating stimulates bone regeneration and osteointegration of titanium implants in the osteopenic rat.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of titanium implants functionalised with collagen type I (TiColl) on bone regeneration and osteointegration in a healthy and osteopenic rat animal model.

Method: TiColl screws were implanted into the femoral condyles of healthy and osteopenic rats and compared with acid-etched titanium (Ti) screws. The osteointegration process was evaluated by a complementary approach combining microtomographic, histological, histomorphometric and biomechanical investigations at four and 12 weeks.

Surface chemistry and effects on bone regeneration of a novel biomimetic synthetic bone filler.

The paper presents results of physico-chemical and biological investigations of a surface-engineered synthetic bone filler. Surface analysis confirms that the ceramic phosphate granules present a collagen nanolayer to the surrounding environment. Cell cultures tests show that, in agreement with literature reports, surface-immobilized collagen molecular cues can stimulate progression along the osteogenic pathway of undifferentiated human mesenchymal cells.

Adherent endotoxin on dental implant surfaces: a reappraisal.

Osteoimmunology is the crosstalk between cells from the immune and skeletal systems, suggesting a role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the stimulation of osteoclast activity. Endotoxin or bacterial challenges to inflammatory cells are directly relevant to dental implant pathologies involving bone resorption, such as osseointegration failure and peri-implantitis. While the endotoxin amount on implant devices is regulated by standards, it is unknown whether commercially available dental implants elicit different levels of adherent-endotoxin stimulated cytokines.

Pellet cryopreservation for chicken semen: effects of sperm working concentration, cryoprotectant concentration, and equilibration time during in vitro processing.

The aim of the study was to standardize the pellet cryopreservation procedure for chicken semen. Mericanel della Brianza male chicken breeders (Italian breed) were used. Pooled semen samples were processed according to the following conditions: (1) dilution in prefreezing extender to 1 versus 1.

Plasma of argon accelerates murine fibroblast adhesion in early stages of titanium disk colonization.

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze how a cleaning treatment using plasma of argon would affect fibroblast growth on titanium disks at different time points to determine whether this treatment could enhance soft tissue healing around titanium dental implant abutments.

Materials And Methods: Sixty sterile disks made of machined grade 5 titanium were divided into two groups; 30 disks were left untreated (control) and 30 were cleaned using plasma of argon (test). To simulate clinical conditions during soft tissue healing around titanium abutments, both groups were immersed in a culture of murine fibroblasts (L929) for 2, 8, or 48 hours.

Egg related parameters affecting fertility and hatchability in the Italian bantam breed Mericanel della Brianza.

Local chicken breeds are a vital reservoir of gene resources and their conservation has a technical role related to the future development of the productive system, as well as a social-cultural role. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of egg weight, egg storage period and egg weight loss on hatchability of fertile eggs in the Italian bantam breed Mericanel della Brianza. Fourteen females and eight males were kept in floor pens and divided in 8 families (1M:1 or 2F) during the reproductive season (March-June).

Effects of sterilization and storage on the properties of ALP-grafted biomaterials for prosthetic and bone tissue engineering applications.

Grafting of the biomaterial surfaces with biomolecules is nowadays a challenging research field for prosthetic and bone tissue engineering applications. On the other hand, very few research works investigate the effect of the sterilization processes on the properties of functionalized biomaterials. In this study, the effects of different sterilization techniques (e.