Effect of bile salt-binding resins on the morphology of rat jejunum and colon. A scanning electron microscopy study.

One mechanism suggested to account for the hypocholesteremic effect of dietary fibers is their ability to sequester bile salts. Since bile salts have been found to alter intestinal structure, the morphological effects of several commonly used, xenobiotic, bile salt-binding agents was investigated. Wistar rats were fed a purified stock diet, ad libitum, for 6 weeks containing either 2% cholestyramine, 2% colestipol, or 2% DEAE-Sephadex.

Primary overproduction of urate caused by a partial deficiency of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase.

Inherited enzyme deficiencies are found in a small proportion of patients with gout who produce an excess of uric acid. The clinical, biochemical and therapeutic aspects of a case of hyperuricaemia caused by an atypical mutant hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase are presented. Urate overproduction was moderate and controlled by allopurinol therapy.

Therapy of hepatocellular cancer with combined intrahepatic arterial chemotherapy and whole liver irradiation.

Hepatocellular cancer provides an ideal model for studying combined modality chemotherapy and radiation interactions. We have treated 20 evaluable patients. All patients received intrahepatic arterial (IA) 5 FU (10 mg/kg/d continuous infusion times 5 minus 9 d) + Adriamycin (3-5 mg/m(2)/d bolus times 5 minus 7 d), and 1,500 and 2,100 rads whole liver radiation (300 rads/day).

Therapy for hepatocellular cancer with intrahepatic arterial adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil combined with whole-liver irradiation: a Northern California Oncology Group Study.

Thirteen patients with hepatocellular cancer were treated with intrahepatic arterial Adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil combined with whole-liver irradiation. Six patients (46%) had an objective regression and five (38%) had stable disease. Symptomatic improvement was noted in 81% of the patients.

Combined modality therapy of hepatic metastasis. Northern California Oncology Group Pilot Study.

Twenty-two patients with adenocarcinoma metastatic to the liver were treated with rapid fractionation whole-liver irradiation (1350-2100 rads in 300-rad fractions) with simultaneous intrahepatic 5-fluorouracil (10-15 mg/kg/day) and intrahepatic Adriamycin 2.5-10 mg/m2/day) as part of a Phase I-II study. Of the 21 patients who completed therapy, 19 had colorectal carcinoma and 2 had metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown origin.

Dietary fiber and lymphatic absorption of cholesterol in the rat.

The indirect effects of short-term (3-day) feeding of several types of dietary fiber and nonnutritive materials on the subsequent absorption of cholesterol has been investigated in thoracic duct cannulated rats. Absorption was studied at timed intervals over 24 hr after duodenal introduction of a tracer dose of cholesterol at least 20 hr after the last feeding. In animals fed for 3 days with diets containing cholestryamine, bran, or cellulose, cholesterol absorption was significantly less than in control animals maintained on rat chow.

Flow microfluorometric analysis of P388 murine leukemia after administration of vincristine and maytansine in vivo.

Maytansine is a new drug undergoing clinical investigation. It has functional similarities to vincristine. Maytansine and vincristine were given to CDF1 mice with P388 leukemic ascites, and the cytokinetic response of the tumor cells was analyzed with a flow microfluorometer; mithramycin was used as the DNA fluorochrome.

Measurement of cellular DNA mass by flow microfluorometry with use of a biological internal standard.

Use of a biological standard (chicken erythrocytes) mixed with experimental cell populations allows control of all variables in flow microfluorometric determination of DNA content. These variables include both staining and instrument procedures. In addition, the use of a biological standard allows determination of cellular DNA mass in unperturbed cell populations.

Automated analysis of antigen-stimulated lymphocytes.

Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin and tuberculin-purified protein derivative to determine if flow microfluorometric techniques had the sensitivity to detect high and low levels of blastogenic response. The deoxyribonucleic acid content of the lymphocytes was analyzed after culture. Blastogenic response was found to be measurable both sensitively and reproducibly.

Flow microfluorometric system for screening gynecologic cytology specimens using propidium iodide-fluorescein isothiocyanate.

Seventy cervical cytology specimens have been screened by a xero resolution flow analyzer-sorter using propidium iodide and fluorescein isothiocyanate as fluorochromes for nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively. This system shows a 1% sensitivity for detection of abnormal cells using only crude visual data analysis. Screening of clinical specimens was performed on the instrument with a 5.

Evaluation of the lymphocyte blastogenic response by rapid flow analysis.

The data presented show that the blastogenic response of human peripheral lymphocytes to mitogens and specific antigens can be easily evaluated with rapid flow analysis of mithramycin stained cells. The precision, reproducibility and rapidity of the method make it highly suitable to study lymphocyte response to antigens in patient populations.

Electronic cell volume (coulter volume) distribution of vaginal-cervical cytology samples.

Peripheral blood and buccal cells were used as "model" cell populations to indicate where in the electronic cell volume (ECV) spectrum the individual cell populations of vaginal and cervical irrigations would appear. Four clinical samples each representing a different stage of abnormality were evaluated and compared with the "model" cell populations. The pattern was the same for all of the clinical samples and correlated with the blood and buccal cell populations.