Antibodies to GAD and tryptic fragments of islet 64K antigen as distinct markers for development of IDDM. Studies with identical twins.

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with antibodies to a 64,000-M(r) islet cell protein, at least part of which is identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). These antibodies are detected as two distinct antibody specificities to 50,000-M(r) and 37,000/40,000-M(r) tryptic fragments of the autoantigen (50K and 37K antibodies, respectively). We determined the frequencies of antibodies to intact GAD, tryptic fragments of islet 64,000-M(r) antigen, islet cell antibodies (ICAs), and insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) in sera from 58 nondiabetic identical twins of patients with IDDM, of whom 12 subsequently developed diabetes.

Binding of antibodies in sera from Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients to glutamate decarboxylase from rat tissues. Evidence for antigenic and non-antigenic forms of the enzyme.

An islet protein of M(r) 64000, identified as the gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)-synthesizing enzyme, glutamate decarboxylase, is a major target for antibodies in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. This enzyme is also expressed in brain and in some other tissues and may exist in multiple forms. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of antibodies from diabetic patients to recognize glutamate decarboxylase from rat islets, brain and other normal rat tissues.

Improved regional myocardial blood flow, left ventricular unloading, and infarct salvage using an axial-flow, transvalvular left ventricular assist device. A comparison with intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation and reperfusion alone in a canine infarction model.

Background: It has been suggested that left ventricular unloading at the time of reperfusion provides superior infarct salvage over reperfusion alone. The purpose of this study was to show that the Hemopump transvalvular axial-flow left ventricular assist device provides superior left ventricular unloading, ischemic zone collateral blood flow, and infarct size reduction compared with intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation and reperfusion alone.

Methods And Results: Eighteen dogs were instrumented with regional myocardial function sonomicrometers in the ischemic and control zones.

Lumbar motion trends and correlation with low back pain. Part I. A roentgenological evaluation of coupled lumbar motion in lateral bending.

Objective: A radiographic study was undertaken to describe the relationship between coupled lumbar motion in lateral bending and the presence of low back pain symptomatology, evaluate trends of coupled motion and determine if these trends were attributable to chance confluence of independent motions.

Design: Survey.

Setting: Chiropractic college student health center and private chiropractic clinic.

Effects of rotational atherectomy in normal canine coronary and diseased human cadaveric arteries: potential for plaque removal from distal, tortuous, and diffusely diseased vessels.

To test the hypothesis that tortuous, diseased vessels could be successfully treated with a flexible rotational atherectomy device we evaluated the BARD atherectomy device with quantitative angiography and histology in normal canine coronary arteries and diseased human below-knee amputation specimens. The mid left anterior descending and the circumflex vessels were treated in 4 dogs serially with 1 wk separating treatments. The acute and follow-up anterior descending artery size was unchanged (1.

Periodicity of global ventricular activation of sinus beats in patients with coronary artery disease and sustained ventricular tachycardia.

Despite increasing clinical reliance on signal-averaged electrocardiograms for determining risk for development of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), the periodicity of global ventricular activation during sinus rhythm has not been defined. Accordingly, epicardial and transmural ventricular electrograms during 6 consecutive sinus beats were evaluated in 10 patients with abnormal signal-averaged electrocardiograms who were undergoing surgery for VT. Bipolar electrograms were recorded with sock and needle electrodes from up to 96 epicardial and 156 transmural sites.

Comparison of technetium-99m teboroxime tomography with automated quantitative coronary arteriography and thallium-201 tomographic imaging.

Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) teboroxime is a new perfusion tracer that is highly extracted and rapidly cleared by the myocardium. To determine the feasibility of Tc-99m teboroxime imaging in the diagnosis of patients with suspected coronary artery disease, 30 patients underwent single photon emission computed tomography imaging with Tc-99m teboroxime (25.2 +/- 1 mCi) at peak exercise and again 60 min later at rest.

Strain and scattering related spectral output of 1.3microm InGaAsP semiconductor diode lasers.

A correlation between the spectral output of 1.3 microm InGaAsP semiconductor diode lasers and the distribution along the length and width of the active region of strain and scattering centers is reported. The strain and scattering center distributions in the active region were obtained by measuring and analyzing the spatially resolved and polarization resolved electroluminescence along the active region of the lasers.

Electrophysiologic evaluation and outcome of patients with syncope of unknown origin.

Electrophysiologic studies were performed in 134 patients (87 males, mean age 59 years) with unexplained syncope. Seventy-one patients had organic heart disease (ischaemic in 50). Electrophysiologic studies revealed conduction abnormalities and tachyarrhythmias that could account for syncope in 40 patients (30%).

Operating characteristics of a tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer using short-external-cavity and DFB laser diodes.

Second harmonic detection at audio frequencies of isolated absorption lines with a laser absorption spectrometer employing AlGaAs and InGaAsP diode lasers, short external cavity (SXC) AlGaAs and InGaAsP diode lasers, and InGaAsP distributed feedback (DFB) diode lasers was investigated and compared. Noise levels equivalent to line center absorptions of ~3 x 10(-6) were achieved with each source. Single mode tuning ranges of 20-50 cm(-1) were obtained with both the SXC and DFB sources.

Interrater reliability of roentgenological evaluation of the lumbar spine in lateral bending.

Interrater reliability is described for the evaluation of lumbar motion and motion coupling patterns in lateral bending. Upright neutral and lateral bending lumbar films of 58 student volunteers were marked by three examiners. Segmental tilt, segmental rotation and motion categories were computed.

Fatty acid composition of clinically healthy and malignant oral epithelium.

The fatty acid composition of epithelium from clinically healthy oral mucosa and or oral squamous cell carcinoma was analyzed by gas/liquid chromatography following extraction using a modified Folch technique and conversion of fatty acids to methyl esters. There were significant reductions in the relative proportions of palmitoleic and oleic acids and elevation of the relative proportions of palmitic, steric and arachidonic acids in samples from squamous cell carcinoma. These differences could reflect changes in cell membranes and/or fatty acid metabolism.

Transmural ventricular activation during consecutive cycles of sustained ventricular tachycardia associated with coronary artery disease.

Although computerized mapping has enabled the intraoperative delineation of global ventricular activation from a single complex of ventricular tachycardia (VT), beat-to-beat reproducibility of isochronic maps has not been defined. To determine the reliability of single-beat analysis, epicardial and transmural ventricular electrograms during 6 consecutive VT cycles were analyzed in 10 patients during intraoperative mapping of sustained monomorphic VT. Bipolar electrograms were recorded simultaneously using sock and needle electrodes from up to 96 epicardial and 156 transmural sites.

Detection of oxygen using short external cavity GaAs semiconductor diode lasers.

High sensitivity detection of O(2) in the near infrared with short external cavity (SXC) AlGaAs semiconductor diode lasers is reported. The mode control provided by the SXC enhances the performance of these diode lasers by allowing a number of single laser modes (up to ten) to be individually selected and continuously scanned over extended frequency intervals. At a constant laser heat sink temperature, this provides nearly complete spectral coverage of up to approximately 40 cm(-1) for overlapping modes.

Within-clinic reagent strip lipid measurement.

The agreement between the Reflotron dry chemistry analyser and laboratory methods for measurement of total cholesterol and triglycerides was assessed by studying the between-method variability for individual samples. A paired comparison of replicate measurements from venous blood was made for 105 cholesterol and 90 triglyceride specimens. There was no significant mean difference between the two methods for cholesterol measurement (difference 0.

Alignment tolerances of short-external-cavity InGaAsP diode lasers for use as tunable single-mode sources.

The side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) and single-mode continuous tuning range were measured for planar short-external-cavity semiconductor diode lasers to examine the positional and angular alignment tolerances of the external cavity mirror relative to the laser facet. For inverted rib waveguide lasers, the SMSR was found to be View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Effect of the hemopump left ventricular assist device on regional myocardial perfusion and function. Reduction of ischemia during coronary occlusion.

The Hemopump is a new 7-mm diameter left ventricular assist device that provides as much as 3.5 l/min of nonpulsatile cardiac output after fluoroscopic placement into the left ventricle through a femoral artery cutdown. The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of Hemopump assist on hemodynamics, left ventricular function, and perfusion in the presence and absence of ischemia.

Familial apolipoprotein A-I, C-III, and A-IV deficiency and premature atherosclerosis due to deletion of a gene complex on chromosome 11.

The defect in a kindred with marked plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) deficiency and premature atherosclerosis was examined. The homozygous proband died of coronary artery atherosclerosis at age 45 and had undetectable levels of plasma apolipoproteins A-I and C-III, proteins of HDL. In family studies 10 heterozygotes were identified whose mean apoA-I, apoC-III, apoA-IV, and HDL cholesterol levels were 67, 57, 65, and 62% of normal.

Spatially and polarization resolved electroluminescence of 1.3-microm InGaAsP semiconductor diode lasers.

A technique for obtaining spatially and polarization resolved maps of the electroluminescence along the length of 1.3-microm InGaAsP semiconductor diode lasers is described. The technique yields valuable information on the mechanical strain and uniformity of material in the active region.

Acute MI: role of thrombolysis and intervention.

Several issues confront the physician treating the patient with an acute infarction. If the patient is a thrombolytic candidate, a 20 to 30 per cent failure rate still exists, and it is difficult to predict on clinical grounds who has had a successful trial of thrombolytics or not; therefore, considerable clinical judgment must be applied. If the patient has relief of pain and diminished ST segment elevation, it is likely that thrombolytic therapy has been successful.