Longitudinal antibody responses to peanut following probiotic and peanut oral immunotherapy (PPOIT) in children with peanut allergy.

Introduction: Probiotic and Peanut Oral Immunotherapy (PPOIT) is effective at inducing sustained unresponsiveness (SU) at end-of-treatment and this effect persists up to four years post-treatment, referred to as persistent SU. We sought to evaluate (i) how PPOIT altered peanut-specific humoral immune indices, and (ii) how such longitudinal indices relate to persistent SU.

Methods: Longitudinal serum/plasma levels of whole peanut- and peanut component- (Ara-h1, -h2, -h3, -h8, -h9) specific-IgE (sIgE) and specific-IgG4 (sIgG4) antibodies were measured by ImmunoCAP and salivary peanut-specific-IgA (sIgA) by ELISA in children (n=62) enrolled in the PPOIT-001 randomised trial from baseline (T0) to 4-years post-treatment (T5).

Higher SARS-CoV-2 viral loads correlated with smaller thyroid volumes on ultrasound among male COVID-19 survivors.

Purpose: Thyroid dysfunction, including thyroiditis, is well recognized in COVID-19 patients. We evaluated thyroid ultrasonographic features among COVID-19 survivors, which are less well known.

Methods: Adult COVID-19 survivors without known thyroid disorders who attended dedicated COVID-19 clinic underwent thyroid ultrasonography and assessment of thyroid function and autoimmunity.