Comparative Metastatic Rates in GEP Class 1A versus 1B Posterior Uveal Melanoma: Results Contrary to Expectations.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the metastatic rates in patients with gene expression profile (GEP) class 1A versus 1B posterior uveal malignant melanoma supported or contradicted predictions of very low metastatic rate in GEP 1A cases and moderate rate in GEP 1B cases.

Patients/methods: 164 patients with a cytopathologically confirmed primary posterior uveal malignant melanoma classified by GEP testing as class 1 (100 GEP 1A, 64 GEP 1B) were evaluated. Kaplan-Meier rates of metastasis were computed and plotted for the GEP class 1 subgroups.

Comparison of Alternative Tumor Size Classifications for Posterior Uveal Melanomas.

Purpose: Determine which posterior uveal melanoma (PUM) size classification with three categories has the best prognostic discrimination.

Methods: Single-institution study of 424 consecutive patients with PUM. The tumor's largest basal diameter (LBD), smallest basal diameter (SBD), and thickness (TH) were estimated by fundus mapping and ultrasonography.

"HEADS UP" DIGITALLY ASSISTED SURGICAL VIEWING FOR RETINAL DETACHMENT REPAIR IN A PATIENT WITH SEVERE KYPHOSIS.

Purpose: To describe the surgical approach with a screen-based "heads up" digital viewing technology for the successful repair of a retinal detachment in a patient with severe kyphosis.

Methods: Case report.

Results: An 89-year-old man with vision loss in the left eye from a macula-involving retinal detachment of 4 weeks was scheduled for pars plana vitrectomy and retinal detachment repair.

Pharmacological approaches to restoring lens transparency: Real world applications.

Cataract is the most common cause of blindness and a major cause of visual impairment worldwide. As the world's population ages, cataract-induced visual impairment is of increasing prevalence, and treatment is limited to those with access to surgical care. While cataracts are mainly a disease of the elderly, infantile cataracts lead to lifelong visual impairment if untreated.

Folate-conjugated immunoglobulin targets melanoma tumor cells for NK cell effector functions.

The folate receptor (FR) is overexpressed on the vascular side of cancerous cells including those of the breast, ovaries, testes, and cervix. We hypothesized that a folate-conjugated immunoglobulin (F-IgG) would bind to the FR that is overexpressed on melanoma tumor cells to target these cells for lysis by natural killer (NK) cells. Folate receptor expression was confirmed in the Mel-39 (human melanoma) cell line by flow cytometry and immunoblot analysis using KB (human oral epithelial) and F01 (human melanoma) as a positive and a negative control, respectively.

NK Cell-Mediated Antitumor Effects of a Folate-Conjugated Immunoglobulin Are Enhanced by Cytokines.

Optimally effective antitumor therapies would not only activate immune effector cells but also engage them at the tumor. Folate conjugated to immunoglobulin (F-IgG) could direct innate immune cells with Fc receptors to folate receptor-expressing cancer cells. F-IgG bound to human KB and HeLa cells, as well as murine L1210JF, a folate receptor (FR)-overexpressing cancer cell line, as determined by flow cytometry.