Predicting disruptions to drug pharmacokinetics and the risk of adverse drug reactions in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients.

The liver plays a central role in the pharmacokinetics of drugs through drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) causes disease-specific alterations to the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) processes, including a decrease in protein expression of basolateral uptake transporters, an increase in efflux transporters, and modifications to enzyme activity. This can result in increased drug exposure and adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

Attenuated Ochratoxin A Transporter Expression in a Mouse Model of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Protects against Proximal Convoluted Tubule Toxicity.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is an abundant mycotoxin, yet the toxicological impact of its disposition is not well studied. OTA is an organic anion transporter (OAT) substrate primarily excreted in urine despite a long half-life and extensive protein binding. Altered renal transporter expression during disease, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), may influence response to OTA exposure, but the impact of NASH on OTA toxicokinetics, tissue distribution, and associated nephrotoxicity is unknown.

The Effect of the Menstrual Cycle on Body Composition Determined by Contact-Electrode Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzers.

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a noninvasive and relatively inexpensive method of assessing body composition. Manufacturers of BIA technology recommend to avoid testing women when they perceive to be retaining water during the menstrual cycle. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the effect of the menstrual cycle on body composition determined by contact-electrode BIA analyzers.