Tumor-on-a-chip platform to interrogate the role of macrophages in tumor progression.

Tumor-infiltrating leukocytes, in particular macrophages, play an important role in tumor behavior and clinical outcome. The spectrum of macrophage subtypes ranges from antitumor 'M1'-type to protumor 'M2'-type macrophages. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) typically display phenotypic features of both M1 and M2, and the population distribution is thought to be dynamic and evolves as the tumor progresses.

How Supraphysiological Oxygen Levels in Standard Cell Culture Affect Oxygen-Consuming Reactions.

Most mammalian tissue cells experience oxygen partial pressures equivalent to 1-6% O (i.e., physioxia).