COVID-19 vaccination and involuntary movements: A longitudinal panel study.

Objective: Despite high COVID-19 vaccination rates in many populations, concerns persist about potential adverse events, including concerns about involuntary movements. While case studies have shown occurrences of involuntary movements following COVID-19 vaccination, no systematic studies have explored this association. Our study aims to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and involuntary movements.

Targeting the GLP-2 receptor in the management of obesity.

Recent advancements in understanding glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) biology and pharmacology have sparked interest in targeting the GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R) in the treatment of obesity. GLP-2 is a proglucagon-derived 33-amino acid peptide co-secreted from enteroendocrine L cells along with glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and has a range of actions via the GLP-2R, which is particularly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, the liver, adipose tissue, and the central nervous system (CNS). In humans, GLP-2 evidently induces intestinotrophic effects (i.

Dasiglucagon Treatment for Postprandial Hypoglycemia After Gastric Bypass: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objective: Postbariatric hypoglycemia affects >50% of individuals who have undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. Despite the often debilitating nature of this complication, existing treatment options are limited and often inefficient. Dasiglucagon is a stable glucagon analog available in a ready-to-use formulation and was recently shown to mitigate postbariatric hypoglycemia in experimental settings.

Separate and combined effects of long-term GIP and GLP-1 receptor activation in patients with type 2 diabetes: a structured summary of a study protocol for a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Introduction: Due to reports of severely reduced insulinotropic effect of the incretin hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in type 2 diabetes (T2D), GIP has not been considered therapeutically viable. Recently, however, tirzepatide, a novel dual incretin receptor agonist (activating the GIP receptor and the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor) has demonstrated greater glucose and body weight-lowering properties as compared to GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy. The contribution of GIP receptor activation to effects of tirzepatide remains unknown.

Dasiglucagon Effectively Mitigates Postbariatric Postprandial Hypoglycemia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of dasiglucagon, a novel stable glucagon analog in a liquid formulation, in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)-operated individuals suffering from postbariatric hypoglycemia (PBH).

Research Design And Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, 10 RYGB-operated participants with continuous glucose monitoring-verified PBH were randomly assigned to 3 trial days, each consisting of a 240-min standardized liquid mixed-meal test with the subcutaneous injection of placebo or 80 μg or 200 μg dasiglucagon.

Results: Compared with placebo, treatment with both 80 and 200 μg dasiglucagon raised nadir plasma glucose (PG) (placebo: 3.

The Prehospital Stroke Score and telephone conference: A prospective validation.

Objectives: The main aim of the study is to investigate the performance of a two-part stroke scale for screening and subsequent severity assessment combined with a telephone conference (teleconference).

Materials And Methods: During a 6-month period, we prospectively tested the Prehospital Stroke Score (PreSS). PreSS part 1 is designed to identify stroke or TIA in a prehospital setting.

Safety and efficacy of losartan for the reduction of brain atrophy in clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (the RADAR trial): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.

Background: Drugs modifying angiotensin II signalling could reduce Alzheimer's disease pathology, thus decreasing the rate of disease progression. We investigated whether the angiotensin II receptor antagonist losartan, compared with placebo, could reduce brain volume loss, as a measure of disease progression, in clinically diagnosed mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: In this double-blind, multicentre, randomised controlled trial, eligible patients aged 55 years or older, previously untreated with angiotensin II drugs and diagnosed (National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria) with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease, and who had capacity to consent, were recruited from 23 UK National Health Service hospital trusts.

Changes in Brain Volume with Bapineuzumab in Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Bapineuzumab, an anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibody, was evaluated in two placebo-controlled trials in APOE*ɛ4 carriers and noncarriers, respectively, with Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: A volumetric magnetic resonance imaging substudy was performed to determine if bapineuzumab altered brain volume rate of change.

Methods: Bapineuzumab dosages included 0.

D-lactate is a valid biomarker of intestinal ischemia induced by abdominal compartment syndrome.

Background: Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) often leads to abdominal compartment syndrome, which is followed by intestinal ischemia and associated with a high mortality. The diagnosis of abdominal compartment syndrome is difficult, and no valid biochemical markers are available. We conducted an experimental study on pigs to determine if D-lactate could be a useful biochemical marker of intestinal ischemia.

Effect of high-dose simvastatin on brain atrophy and disability in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS-STAT): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.

Background: Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, for which no satisfactory treatment presently exists, accounts for most of the disability in patients with multiple sclerosis. Simvastatin, which is widely used for treatment of vascular disease, with its excellent safety profile, has immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties that could make it an appealing candidate drug for patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Methods: We undertook a double-blind, controlled trial between Jan 28, 2008, and Nov 4, 2011, at three neuroscience centres in the UK.

L- and D-lactate as biomarkers of arterial-induced intestinal ischemia: an experimental study in pigs.

Background: Intestinal ischemia is difficult to diagnose, and search for new biomarkers has led to interest in D-lactate, which arises from bacterial fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract.

Methods: The superior mesenteric artery was clamped in eight pigs for 6 h to induce ischemia of the intestine. Eight sham-operated pigs served as controls.

An automated plasma D-lactate assay with a new sample preparation method to prevent interference from L-lactate and L-lactate dehydrogenase.

Objective: To establish an automated plasma D-lactate assay without interference from L-lactate and L-lactate dehydrogenase (L-LDH).

Methods And Materials: The D-lactate assay was programmed as a 2-point endpoint assay on the Roche Modular P using the D-lactic acid kit from Biocontrol Systems, USA. In the chemical reaction, D-lactate was oxidized to pyruvate by NAD(+) in the presence of D-lactate dehydrogenase.

d-lactate as a marker of venous-induced intestinal ischemia: an experimental study in pigs.

Background: Intestinal ischemia is difficult to diagnose. The search for biomarkers has led to an increased interest in d-lactate. d-lactate measured in higher concentrations arises from bacterial fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract.

Automatic morphometry in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.

This paper presents a novel, publicly available repository of anatomically segmented brain images of healthy subjects as well as patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. The underlying magnetic resonance images have been obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. T1-weighted screening and baseline images (1.

Volume changes in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: cognitive associations.

Objective: To assess the relationship between MRI-derived changes in whole-brain and ventricular volume with change in cognitive scores in Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and control subjects.

Material And Methods: In total 131 control, 231 MCI and 99 AD subjects from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort with T1-weighted volumetric MRIs from baseline and 12-month follow-up were used to derive volume changes. Mini mental state examination (MMSE), Alzheimer's disease assessment scale (ADAS)-cog and trails test changes were calculated over the same period.

Comparison of phantom and registration scaling corrections using the ADNI cohort.

Rates of brain atrophy derived from serial magnetic resonance (MR) studies may be used to assess therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD). These measures may be confounded by changes in scanner voxel sizes. For this reason, the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) included the imaging of a geometric phantom with every scan.

[Gastric rupture after ingestion of liquid nitrogen].

A 28-year-old male was admitted to hospital with severe abdominal distension and subcutaneous emphysema after ingesting 15 ml liquid nitrogen to produce an impressive burp. A rupture of the stomach at the lesser curvature was sutured by laparotomy. Peroperative gastroscopy showed no signs of cold-induced lesions.