Combination of ciclopirox olamine and sphingosine-1-phosphate as granulation enhancer in diabetic wounds.

Granulation tissue formation requires a robust angiogenic response. As granulation tissue develops, collagen fibers are deposited and compacted. Forces generated in the wake of this process drive wound contraction to reduce the wound area.

Generation of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma by the Ultrasonic Standing Waves.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a volume of autologous plasma that has a higher platelet concentration above baseline. It has already been approved as a new therapeutic modality and investigated in clinics, such as bone repair and regeneration, and oral surgery, with low cost-effectiveness ratio. At present, PRP is mostly prepared using a centrifuge.

Simultaneous Delivery of Highly Diverse Bioactive Compounds from Blend Electrospun Fibers for Skin Wound Healing.

Blend emulsion electrospinning is widely perceived to destroy the bioactivity of proteins, and a blend emulsion of water-soluble and nonsoluble molecules is believed to be thermodynamically unstable to electrospin smoothly. Here we demonstrate a method to retain the bioactivity of disparate fragile biomolecules when electrospun. Using bovine serum albumin as a carrier protein; water-soluble vitamin C, fat soluble vitamin D3, steroid hormone hydrocortisone, peptide hormone insulin, thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3), and peptide epidermal growth factor (EGF) were simultaneously blend-spun into PLGA-collagen nanofibers.

Biomimetic nanocomposites to control osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells.

The design of biomimetic nanomaterials that can directly influence the behavior of cells and facilitate the regeneration of tissues and organs has become an active area of research. Here, the production of materials based on nano-hydroxyapatite composites in scaffolds with nanofibrous and nanoporous topographies, designed to mimic the native bone matrix for applications in bone tissue engineering, is reported. Human mesenchymal stem cells grown on these nanocomposites are stimulated to rapidly produce bone minerals in situ, even in the absence of osteogenic supplements in the cell-culture medium.

Electrospun nanofibers as a bioadhesive platform for capturing adherent leukemia cells.

This study investigated the adhesive behaviors of normal and abnormal hematopoietic cells on nanotopographical materials. Previously, electrospun nanofiber scaffolds (NFSs) were used to capture and expand hematopoietic stem cells in vitro; here, we demonstrate that NFS could also serve as a useful bioadhesive platform for capturing functionally adherent leukemia cells. Collagen-blended poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) NFS enabled more rapid and efficient capture of K562 leukemia cells than tissue culture polystyrene surfaces with up to 70% improved adhesion and shorter time.

Enhanced osteogenic differentiation with 3D electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds.

Aim: Developing 3D scaffolds mimicking the nanoscale structure of the native extracellular matrix is important in tissue regeneration. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the novelty of 3D nanofibrous scaffolds and compare their efficiency with 2D nanofibrous scaffolds.

Materials & Methods: The 2D poly(L-lactic acid)/collagen nanofibrous scaffolds were 2D meshes fabricated by the conventional electrospinning technique, whereas the 3D poly(L-lactic acid)/collagen nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated by a modified electrospinning technique using a dynamic liquid support system.

Biomimetic surface modification of titanium surfaces for early cell capture by advanced electrospinning.

The time required for osseointegration with a metal implant having a smooth surface ranges from three to six months. We hypothesized that biomimetic coating surfaces with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/collagen fibers and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) on the implant would enhance the adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells. Therefore, this surface modification of dental and bone implants might enhance the process of osseointegration.

Electrospun poly(L-lactic acid) nanofibres loaded with dexamethasone to induce osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells.

Dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic corticosteroid, was loaded into poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofibrous scaffolds with a concentration of 0.333 wt% by electrospinning. The Dex-loaded PLLA nanofibres increased the mechanical strength in comparison with pure PLLA nanofibres.

The role of nanofibrous structure in osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells with serial passage.

Unlabelled: Using scaffolds with autologous stem cells is a golden strategy for the treatment of bone defects. In this strategy, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have often been isolated and expanded in vitro on a plastic surface to obtain a sufficient cell number before seeding on a suitable scaffold.

Materials & Methods: Investigating the influence of serial passages (from passage two to passage eight) on the abilities of proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs on 24-well tissue culture polystyrene plates and poly L-lactic acid electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds was performed to determine how prolonged culture affected these cellular abilities and how the nanofibrous scaffolds supported the osteogenic differentiation potential of hMSCs.

Early detection of biomolecular changes in disrupted porcine cartilage using polarized Raman spectroscopy.

We evaluate the feasibility of applying polarized Raman spectroscopy in probing the early biochemical compositions and orientation changes in impacted porcine cartilage explants. We divide 100 fresh tibial cartilage explants into four groups: control (unimpacted) and 3 groups of single impact at 15, 20, and 25 MPa. Each group is examined for biochemical changes using Raman microscopy, cell viability changes using confocal fluorescence microscopy, and histological changes using the modified Mankin score.

Effects of nanofiber/stem cell composite on wound healing in acute full-thickness skin wounds.

Acute full-thickness skin wounds (FTSW) caused by extensive burns or high-energy trauma are not adequately addressed by current clinical treatments. This study hypothesized that biomimetic nanofiber scaffolds (NFSs) functionalized with rich attachment of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) can promote wound healing in acute FTSW. Results in a rat model showed that both NFS and BM-MSCs contributed to the wound healing.

Stem cell homing in musculoskeletal injury.

The regenerative potential of injured adult tissue suggests the physiological existence of cells capable of participating in the reparative process. Recent studies indicate that stem-like cells residing in tissues contribute to tissue repair and are replenished by precursor bone marrow-derived cells. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are among the candidates for reparative cells.

Synergistic effects of electrospun PLLA fiber dimension and pattern on neonatal mouse cerebellum C17.2 stem cells.

Topographical features, including fiber dimensions and pattern, are important aspects in developing fibrous scaffolds for tissue engineering. In this study aligned poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) fibers with diameters of 307+/-47, 500+/-53, 679+/-72 and 917+/-84 nm and random fibers with diameters of 327+/-40, 545+/-54, 746+/-82 and 1150+/-109 nm were obtained by optimizing the electrospinning parameters. We cultured neonatal mouse cerebellum C17.

Effects of nanotopography on stem cell phenotypes.

Stem cells are unspecialized cells that can self renew indefinitely and differentiate into several somatic cells given the correct environmental cues. In the stem cell niche, stem cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions are crucial for different cellular functions, such as adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Recently, in addition to chemical surface modifications, the importance of nanometric scale surface topography and roughness of biomaterials has increasingly becoming recognized as a crucial factor for cell survival and host tissue acceptance in synthetic ECMs.

Distinctive degradation behaviors of electrospun polyglycolide, poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide), and poly(L-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone) nanofibers cultured with/without porcine smooth muscle cells.

Biodegradable nanofibers have become a popular candidate for tissue engineering scaffolds because of their biomimetic structure that physically resembles the extracellular matrix. For certain tissue regeneration applications, prolonged in vitro culture time for cellular reorganization and tissue remodeling may be required. Therefore, extensive understanding of cellular effects on scaffold degradation is needed.

Processing nanoengineered scaffolds through electrospinning and mineralization suitable for biomimetic bone tissue engineering.

Processing scaffolds that mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) of natural bone in structure and chemical composition is a potential promising option for engineering physiologically functional bone tissue. In this article, we report a novel method, by combining electrospinning and mineralization, to process a series of nano-fibrous scaffolding systems with desirable characteristics suitable for biomimetic bone tissue engineering. We have chosen two types of polymers, namely collagen and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), natural and synthetic of its kind, respectively, to electrospin into nano-fibrous scaffolds.

The dose effect of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on epidermal development in organotypic co-culture.

Background: A wealth of evidences have shown the participation and benefits of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in wound healing and skin tissue repair in vivo. However, their role in epidermal development and reconstitution is not clearly investigated.

Objective: Here we examine the quantitative effect of human BM-MSCs on epidermal regeneration in vitro.

Degradation behaviors of electrospun resorbable polyester nanofibers.

Biodegradable materials are widely used in the biomedical field because there is no postoperative surgery after implantation. Widely used synthetic biodegradable materials are polyesters, especially those used in tissue engineering. Advances in the tissue engineering field have brought much attention in terms of scaffold fabrication, such as with biodegradable polyester nanofibers.

Early adhesive behavior of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on collagen electrospun fibers.

A bioabsorbable nanofibrous scaffold was developed for early adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Collagen nanofibers with diameters of 430 +/- 170 nm were fabricated by electrospinning. Over 45% of the MSC population adhered to this collagen nanofiber after 30 min at room temperature.

The fabrication of nano-hydroxyapatite on PLGA and PLGA/collagen nanofibrous composite scaffolds and their effects in osteoblastic behavior for bone tissue engineering.

Bone is a nanocomposite consisting of two main components, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) and Type I collagen (Col). The aim is to exploit the nano-scale functional and material characteristics of natural bone in order to modulate cellular functions for optimal bone repair in bone graft systems. Here, we present an effective and novel technique in obtaining n-HA in cognate with native apatite on electrospun nanofibers within minutes without any pre-treatment.

Fabrication of nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/osteonectin composites for bone graft applications.

Mineralized type I collagen (collagen I) nanofibers and their nanofibril bundles make up the microstructure of natural bone tissue, which range from nanometers to micrometers. However, attempts to achieve this hierarchically assembled structure in vitro have been unsuccessful. In this study, we added osteonectin into the collagen I solution, either at a high or low weight ratio (osteonectin: collagen I = 1:30 or 1:90) before co-precipitation.

Differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into multi-layered epidermis-like cells in 3D organotypic coculture.

The interactions of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their engrafted microenvironment are an integral part of signaling control of stem cell lineage commitment. We attempted to induce bone marrow-derived MSCs to undergo epidermal lineage differentiation by manipulating the biochemical, environmental and physical properties of culture conditions in an organotypic coculture model to simulate a skin-specific microenvironment. The induction medium was optimized by varying different biomolecular supplements in a basic stratification medium.

The influence of laminin-derived peptides conjugated to Lys-capped PLLA on neonatal mouse cerebellum C17.2 stem cells.

Chemical guiding cues are being exploited to stimulate neuron adhesion and neurite outgrowth. In this study, an amino-functioned PLLA, lysine-capped PLLA [K-(CH(2))(n)-PLLA (n=2, 5, 8)], was synthesized with different length of linking spaces between lysine molecule and PLLA backbone. Drop-cast films were fabricated from K-(CH(2))(n)-PLLA/PLLA blends (10/90, w/w) and amino groups were detected on the surfaces of the resultant films.