Effect of vascular burden as measured by vascular indexes upon vascular dementia: a matched case-control study.

Background: Vascular dementia (VaD) is a challenging illness that affects the lives of older adults and caregivers. It is unclear how multiple vascular risk factor exposures (polyvascular disease) affect VaD.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between multiple vascular risk exposures, as counted on an index in cases with VaD, compared with healthy age-/gender-matched controls.

Effect of alcohol and tobacco use on vascular dementia: a matched case control study.

Background: Vascular dementia is the second most common type of dementia in the United States. The underlying association of tobacco and alcohol with vascular dementia is not completely understood.

Purpose: Determine the relationship of tobacco and alcohol use with the development of vascular dementia (VaD).

The association between pressure ulcers and endothelial dysfunction in a cohort of community elderly.

Vascular disease is a known risk factor for pressure ulcer development, but the underlying mechanisms of this association are less established. The authors evaluated the relationship between endothelial function (EF) and history of pressure ulcers in a nested case-control study of community-dwelling elderly, 60 years and older. Endothelial function was measured using peripheral arterial tonometry, and persons with a history of pressure ulcers in the past 5 years (n = 7) were matched 2:1 by age and gender to controls with no history of pressure ulcers (n = 14).

Preliminary estimates of cost-effectiveness for marital therapy.

Cost-effectiveness of marital therapy was examined beginning with a simple question: If government or health insurers paid for the screening and, where indicated, empirically supported treatment of 100,000 randomly selected married persons (i.e., 50,000 couples) from the general population, would the financial benefits outweigh costs? Two empirically supported forms of marital therapy, behavioral marital therapy and emotionally focused therapy, were considered in aggregate as possible treatments of choice.