Patient Comorbidities, Their Influence on Lumbar Spinal Fusion Surgery, and Recommendations to Reduce Unfavorable Outcomes.

Improvements in healthcare management have led to a decrease in perioperative and postoperative complications. However, perioperative medical complications and mortality rates continue to increase in patients undergoing elective spinal surgeries. This trend is driven by the increase in the older population and the rise in the number of patients with more than two comorbidities.

lipidomics of osteomyelitis using imaging mass spectrometry.

Osteomyelitis occurs when invades the bone microenvironment, resulting in a bone marrow abscess with a spatially defined architecture of cells and biomolecules. Imaging mass spectrometry and microscopy are invaluable tools that can be employed to interrogate the lipidome of -infected murine femurs to reveal metabolic and signaling consequences of infection. Here, nearly 250 lipids were spatially mapped to healthy and infection-associated morphological features throughout the femur, establishing composition profiles for tissue types.

Hyperglycemia Increases Severity of Staphylococcus aureus Osteomyelitis and Influences Bacterial Genes Required for Survival in Bone.

Hyperglycemia, or elevated blood glucose, renders individuals more prone to developing severe Staphylococcus aureus infections. S. aureus is the most common etiological agent of musculoskeletal infection, which is a common manifestation of disease in hyperglycemic patients.

Context-Dependent Roles for Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 9 in the Pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus Osteomyelitis.

Staphylococcus aureus is the major causative agent of bacterial osteomyelitis, an invasive infection of bone. Inflammation generated by the immune response to S. aureus contributes to bone damage by altering bone homeostasis.

High Spatial Resolution MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry of Fresh-Frozen Bone.

Bone and bone marrow are vital to mammalian structure, movement, and immunity. These tissues are also commonly subjected to molecular alterations giving rise to debilitating diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and osteomyelitis. Technologies such as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) facilitate the discovery of spatially resolved chemical information in biological tissue samples to help elucidate the complex molecular processes underlying pathology.

Quorum Sensing and Toxin Production in Osteomyelitis: Pathogenesis and Paradox.

is a Gram-positive pathogen capable of infecting nearly every vertebrate organ. Among these tissues, invasive infection of bone (osteomyelitis) is particularly common and induces high morbidity. Treatment of osteomyelitis is notoriously difficult and often requires debridement of diseased bone in conjunction with prolonged antibiotic treatment to resolve infection.

Host nutrient milieu drives an essential role for aspartate biosynthesis during invasive infection.

The bacterial pathogen is capable of infecting a broad spectrum of host tissues, in part due to flexibility of metabolic programs. , like all organisms, requires essential biosynthetic intermediates to synthesize macromolecules. We therefore sought to determine the metabolic pathways contributing to synthesis of essential precursors during invasive infection.