Correction: Central venous pressure and dynamic indices to assess fluid appropriateness in critically ill patients: A pilot study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Characterizing PTSD symptom profiles in special forces operators and support personnel: Justification for a Precision Medicine Approach.

Given the large number and diverse types of PTSD symptoms, examination of subtypes within the comprehensive PTSD criteria is necessary. This is especially true for subpopulations of active-duty service members such as specialized military units that undergo assessment and selection, receive extensive training, and have significant operational experience and trauma exposure. The current study identified PTSD subtypes in 16,284 U.

Central venous pressure and dynamic indices to assess fluid appropriateness in critically ill patients: A pilot study.

Background: The correct identification of the appropriateness of fluid administration is important for the treatment of critically ill patients. Static and dynamic indices used to identify fluid responsiveness have been developed throughout the years, nonetheless fluid responsiveness does not indicate that fluid administration is appropriate, and indexes to evaluate appropriateness of fluid administration are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate if central venous pressure (CVP) anddynamic indices could correctly identify fluid appropriateness for critically ill patients.

Combat exposure and behavioral health in U.S. Army Special Forces.

Although combat has been found to be associated with adverse health outcomes, little is known about the impact of specific combat exposures, particularly among specialized personnel. This study examined the association of different types of combat exposures with behavioral health outcomes, and whether these associations differed by Army occupational specialization: General Purpose Forces infantrymen (n = 5,361), Ranger Qualified infantrymen (n = 308), and Special Forces personnel (n = 593). Multivariable regression models estimated the association of combat severity, type of combat event (fighting, killing, threat to oneself, death/injury of others), and type of killing with mental health disorders, trouble sleeping, and problem drinking.

Overexpression of in Induces Defense Response and Increases Resistance to subsp. .

Citrus canker is a destructive disease caused by subsp. , which affects all commercial sweet orange ( [L.] Osbeck) cultivars.

MqsR toxin as a biotechnological tool for plant pathogen bacterial control.

Type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread in bacteria and are involved in important cell features, such as cell growth inhibition and antimicrobial tolerance, through the induction of persister cells. Overall, these characteristics are associated with bacterial survival under stress conditions and represent a significant genetic mechanism to be explored for antibacterial molecules. We verified that even though Xylella fastidiosa and Xanthomonas citri subsp.

Performance of a multidisciplinary team and the impact of bundles for reducing health care associated infections in adult intensive care unit: 22 years of experience.

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the bundle of techniques developed by the multidisciplinary team to minimize infections in an adult intensive care unit over a 22-year span. Two periods were analyzed: 1996-2006 and 2007-2017. Bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, and ventilator-associated pneumonia declined 58.

Automated neuropsychological assessment metrics (v4) military expanded battery: Normative data for special operations forces.

The Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) has long been used to assess cognition in military samples before deployment and following injury. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of various demographic factors on the ANAM4 Military Expanded (ANAM4 ME) performance of Special Operations Forces (SOF) and to provide regression-based normative data for clinicians working with SOF personnel. The sample was a large active duty military sample of SOF and support personnel ( = 24,072) who were tested under a new baseline policy.

Corrected Minute Ventilation Is Associated With Mortality in ARDS Caused by COVID-19.

Background: The ratio of dead space to tidal volume (V/V) is associated with mortality in patients with ARDS. Corrected minute ventilation ([Formula: see text]) is a simple surrogate of dead space, but, despite its increasing use, its association with mortality has not been proven. The aim of our study was to assess the association between [Formula: see text] and hospital mortality.

Early Percutaneous Tracheostomy in Coronavirus Disease 2019: Association With Hospital Mortality and Factors Associated With Removal of Tracheostomy Tube at ICU Discharge. A Cohort Study on 121 Patients.

Objectives: Early tracheotomy, defined as a procedure performed within 10 days from intubation, is associated with more ventilator free days, shorter ICU stay, and lower mortality than late tracheotomy. During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, it was especially important to save operating room resources and to have a shorter ICU stay for patients, when ICUs had insufficient beds. In this context of limited resources, early percutaneous tracheostomy could be an effective way to manage mechanically ventilated patients.

Overexpression of Citrus reticulata SAMT in Nicotiana tabacum increases MeSA volatilization and decreases Xylella fastidiosa symptoms.

Nicotiana tabacum overexpressing CrSAMT from Citrus reticulata increased production of MeSA, which works as an airborne signal in neighboring wild-type plants, inducing PR1 and increasing resistance to the pathogen Xylella fastidiosa. Xylella fastidiosa is one of the major threats to plant health worldwide, affecting yield in many crops. Despite many efforts, the development of highly productive resistant varieties has been challenging.

Rates of Behavioral Health Conditions and Health Risk Behaviors in Operators and Support Personnel in U.S. Special Operations Forces.

: Rates of behavioral health disorders and potential protective factors in U.S. Special Operations Forces (SOF) have not been well studied, including differences between Operators and Support personnel, despite very high levels of combat exposure in these military personnel.

Mental health, physical health, and health-related behaviors of U.S. Army Special Forces.

Objectives: To prospectively examine the health and health-related behaviors of Army Special Forces personnel in comparison with two distinct, but functionally similar Army groups.

Methods: Special Forces, Ranger Qualified, and General Purposes Forces enrolled in the Millennium Cohort Study were identified using data from the Defense Manpower Data Center. Using prospective survey data (2001-2014), we estimated the association of Army specialization with mental health, social support, physical health, and health-related behaviors with multivariable regression models.

The dating of thrombus organization in cases of pulmonary embolism: an autopsy study.

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is associated to high mortality rate worldwide. However, the diagnosis of PE often results inaccurate. Many cases of PE are incorrectly diagnosed or missed and they are often associated to sudden unexpected death (SUD).

MicroRNA-33 and SIRT1 influence the coronary thrombus burden in hyperglycemic STEMI patients.

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is a pivotal treatment in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. However, in hyperglycemic-STEMI patients, the incidence of death is still significant. Here, the involvement of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and miR33 on the pro-inflammatory/pro-coagulable state of the coronary thrombus was investigated.

Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca and fastidiosa Colonize Arabidopsis Systemically and Induce Anthocyanin Accumulation in Infected Leaves.

The bacterium Xylella fastidiosa is a multihost pathogen that affects perennial crops such as grapevine, sweet orange, and olive tree worldwide. It is inherently difficult to study these pathosystems owing to the long-term growth habit of the host plant. Thus, the availability of model plants becomes essential to accelerate discoveries with economic impact.

Ultrasound and cone beam CT fusion for liver ablation: technical note.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of fusion imaging between intraprocedural ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced cone-beam CT (CBCT) for small (< 2 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: Six patients (five males, one female, age range 58-80, mean 69 years), with small (mean diameter 16.8 mm) HCC poorly visible at US underwent percutaneous microwave ablation under US/CBCT fusion guidance.

BigR is a sulfide sensor that regulates a sulfur transferase/dioxygenase required for aerobic respiration of plant bacteria under sulfide stress.

To cope with toxic levels of HS, the plant pathogens Xylella fastidiosa and Agrobacterium tumefaciens employ the bigR operon to oxidize HS into sulfite. The bigR operon is regulated by the transcriptional repressor BigR and it encodes a bifunctional sulfur transferase (ST) and sulfur dioxygenase (SDO) enzyme, Blh, required for HS oxidation and bacterial growth under hypoxia. However, how Blh operates to enhance bacterial survival under hypoxia and how BigR is deactivated to derepress operon transcription is unknown.

Ectopic Expression of Xylella fastidiosa rpfF Conferring Production of Diffusible Signal Factor in Transgenic Tobacco and Citrus Alters Pathogen Behavior and Reduces Disease Severity.

The pathogenicity of Xylella fastidiosa is associated with its ability to colonize the xylem of host plants. Expression of genes contributing to xylem colonization are suppressed, while those necessary for insect vector acquisition are increased with increasing concentrations of diffusible signal factor (DSF), whose production is dependent on RpfF. We previously demonstrated that transgenic citrus plants ectopically expressing rpfF from a citrus strain of X.

Expression of Xylella fastidiosa RpfF in citrus disrupts signaling in Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri and thereby its virulence.

Xylella fastidiosa and Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, that cause citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) and citrus canker diseases, respectively, utilize diffusible signal factor (DSF) for quorum sensing. DSF, produced by RpfF, are similar fatty acids in both organisms, although a different set of genes is regulated by DSF in each species.

A program for sustained improvement in preventing ventilator associated pneumonia in an intensive care setting.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) and associated with a high mortality.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in a medical-surgical ICU. Multiple interventions to optimize VAP prevention were performed from October 2008 to December 2010.

How large is the lung recruitability in early acute respiratory distress syndrome: a prospective case series of patients monitored by computed tomography.

Introduction: The benefits of higher positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have been modest, but few studies have fully tested the "open-lung hypothesis". This hypothesis states that most of the collapsed lung tissue observed in ARDS can be reversed at an acceptable clinical cost, potentially resulting in better lung protection, but requiring more intensive maneuvers. The short-/middle-term efficacy of a maximum recruitment strategy (MRS) was recently described in a small physiological study.

Expression of Xylella fastidiosa fimbrial and afimbrial proteins during biofilm formation.

Complete sequencing of the Xylella fastidiosa genome revealed characteristics that have not been described previously for a phytopathogen. One characteristic of this genome was the abundance of genes encoding proteins with adhesion functions related to biofilm formation, an essential step for colonization of a plant host or an insect vector. We examined four of the proteins belonging to this class encoded by genes in the genome of X.

Successful prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in an intensive care setting.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common health care-associated infections (HAIs) in critical care settings.

Objective: Our objective was to examine the effect of a series of interventions, implemented in 3 different periods to reduce the incidence of VAP in an intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: A quasiexperimental study was conducted in a medical-surgical ICU.