CD32 captures committed haemogenic endothelial cells during human embryonic development.

During embryonic development, blood cells emerge from specialized endothelial cells, named haemogenic endothelial cells (HECs). As HECs are rare and only transiently found in early developing embryos, it remains difficult to distinguish them from endothelial cells. Here we performed transcriptomic analysis of 28- to 32-day human embryos and observed that the expression of Fc receptor CD32 (FCGR2B) is highly enriched in the endothelial cell population that contains HECs.

Identification of a retinoic acid-dependent haemogenic endothelial progenitor from human pluripotent stem cells.

The generation of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is a major goal for regenerative medicine. During embryonic development, HSCs derive from haemogenic endothelium (HE) in a NOTCH- and retinoic acid (RA)-dependent manner. Although a WNT-dependent (WNTd) patterning of nascent hPSC mesoderm specifies clonally multipotent intra-embryonic-like HOXA definitive HE, this HE is functionally unresponsive to RA.

The emergence of the circadian clock network in hiPSC-derived hepatocytes on chip.

The circadian clock has paramount implications in physiology and pathology. Although the circadian clock has been widely investigated in adults, up to now very little is known about how circadian rhythms emerge during embryonic development. Some studies about the ontology of the circadian system are focused on the development of the central pacemaker, whereas there is still no agreement about the development of the circadian clock in peripheral tissues.

[Screening of early color vision loss in diabetic patients].

Colour vision defects have been claimed to appear in diabetes before any retinopathy is visible. In the present study diabetic patients and non diabetic control subjects were screened with two different colour vision tests which include both red-green and blue-yellow parts, and are suitable for quantitative analysis of scores. The Lanthony 40 Hue test and the Tokyo Medical College--T.