Exposure of Porcine Oocytes to Methylparaben During In Vitro Maturation Alters the Expression of Genes Involved in Cumulus Cell Expansion and Steroidogenesis, Decreasing Hyaluronic Acid and Progesterone Synthesis.

Parabens are widely used because of their antimicrobial properties in drugs, cosmetics, and food; however, it has been reported that methylparaben may adversely influence female reproduction. Methylparaben decreases oocyte in vitro maturation at a maturation inhibition concentration 50 of 780.31 μM but also decreases oocyte viability at a lethal concentration 50 of 2028.

Transfer RNA-derived fragment production in calves challenged with or co-infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus and in several tissues and blood.

Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying immune response can allow informed decisions in drug or vaccine development, and aid in the identification of biomarkers to predict exposure or evaluate treatment efficacy. The objective of this study was to identify differentially expressed transfer RNA-derived fragments (tRFs) in calves challenged with () or co-infected with and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Serum, white blood cells (WBC), liver, mesenteric lymph node (MLN), tracheal-bronchial lymph node (TBLN), spleen, and thymus were collected from Control ( = 2), (MB;  = 3), and co-infected (Dual; = 3) animals, and small RNAs extracted for sequencing.

Complete hybrid genome assembly of serotype A2 strain D95 isolated from ovine lung.

is a major bacterial pathogen associated with broncho- and fibrinous pneumonia in ruminants. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of an isolate of serotype A2 (D95) recovered from a pneumonic ovine lung. The D95 genome has a size of 2.

Complete genome sequence of a strain 91 isolated from a beef calf with pneumonia.

is an important causative agent of bovine respiratory disease complex. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of a strain 91, which was isolated from a pneumonic lung tissue sample collected from a beef calf.

Characterization of Histophilus somni sialic acid uptake mutant (ΔnanP-ΔnanU) using a mouse septicemia and mortality model.

Histophilus somni is an important pathogen of the bovine respiratory disease complex, yet the mechanisms underlying its virulence remain poorly understood. It is known that H. somni can incorporate sialic acid into lipooligosaccharide (LOS), and sialylated H.

An injectable subunit vaccine containing Elongation Factor Tu and Heat Shock Protein 70 partially protects American bison from infection.

() is the etiologic agent of high mortality epizootics of chronic respiratory disease in American bison (). Despite the severity of the disease, no efficacious commercial vaccines have been licensed for the prevention of infection in bison. Elongation factor thermal unstable (EFTu) and Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70, ) are highly conserved, constitutively expressed proteins that have previously been shown to provide protection against infection in cattle.

Serum IgG Immunoglobulin Levels are Associated with Reduced PCR Detection of Mycoplasma bovis in Naturally Infected American Bison (Bison bison).

Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) is an important pathogen of American bison (Bison bison), associated with high morbidity and mortality epizootics of respiratory and reproductive disease. Despite the significant negative impact on bison health, little is known about the kinetics of disease and the host immune response to infection.

Comparison of DNA damage in granulosa cells of women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation in in vitro fertilization protocols with the recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormones Corneumon, Gonal-F, Pergoveris and Puregon: a randomized trial.

Purpose: To compare the DNA damage in granulosa cells (GCs) of women undergoing ovarian-stimulated cycles with four widely used recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormones (rhFSH) in in vitro fertilization (IVF) protocols (Corneumon, Gonal-F, Pergoveris and Puregon).

Methods: A randomized trial was carried out at a Mexican hospital. GCs were isolated from 18 women with infertility undergoing assisted reproductive techniques (ART).

Transcriptomic profiles of Mannheimia haemolytica planktonic and biofilm associated cells.

Mannheimia haemolytica is the principal agent contributing to bovine respiratory disease and can form biofilms with increased resistance to antibiotic treatment and host immune defenses. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying M. haemolytica biofilm formation, transcriptomic analyses were performed with mRNAs sequenced from planktonic and biofilm cultures of pathogenic serotypes 1 (St 1; strain D153) and St 6 (strain D174), and St 2 (strain D35).

Analysis of nonsynonymous SNPs in candidate genes that influence bovine temperament and evaluation of their effect in Brahman cattle.

Background: Temperament is an important production trait in cattle and multiple strategies had been developed to generate molecular markers to assist animal selection. As nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms are markers with the potential to affect gene functions, they could be useful to predict phenotypic effects. Genetic selection of less stress-responsive, temperamental animals is desirable from an economic and welfare point of view.

Draft genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant strain isolated from a dairy cow with chronic mastitis.

is considered an environmental pathogen, and it can cause acute and chronic mastitis in dairy cows. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant strain (2011C-S1) isolated from a Holstein cow showing signs of chronic mastitis that was nonresponsive to intramammary antibiotic treatment.

Multivariate Analysis as a Method to Evaluate Antigenic Relationships between Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus 1b Isolates and Vaccine Strains.

The antigenicity of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has been evaluated using virus-neutralizing titer data analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and has demonstrated numerous isolates to be antigenically divergent from US vaccine strains. The lack of BVDV-1b strains in currently licensed vaccines has raised concerns regarding the lack of protection against BVDV-1b field strains. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antigenic diversity of BVDV-1b strains and better understand the breadth of antigenic relatedness using BVDV-1b antisera and antisera from vaccine strains.

Genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant strain isolated from a dairy cow that was nonresponsive to antibiotic treatment.

We report the draft genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant strain isolated from a Holstein cow with chronic mastitis. The assembled genome contained 108 contigs with an of 130,886 bp, 66.03% GC content, 6,214 protein-coding genes, 64 RNA genes, 88 pseudogenes, and six antibiotic-resistant genes.

Genetic Variants and Their Putative Effects on microRNA-Seed Sites: Characterization of the 3' Untranslated Region of Genes Associated with Temperament.

The 3' untranslated region has an important role in gene regulation through microRNAs, and it has been estimated that microRNAs regulate up to 50% of coding genes in mammals. With the aim of allelic variant identification of 3' untranslated region microRNA seed sites, the 3' untranslated region was searched for seed sites of four temperament-associated genes (, , , and ). The microRNA seed sites were predicted in the four genes, and the gene had the greatest number with 12 predictions.

Perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) disturbs the estrous cycle, ovulation rate, oocyte cell communication and calcium homeostasis in mice.

Perfluoroalkyl substances are man-made chemicals with ample consumer and industrial applications. They are widely used and are resistant to environmental and metabolic degradation. Several studies have evaluated the effects of Perfluorohexane sulfonate on reproduction.

Chronic stress decreases fertility parameters in female rats.

Multiple effects of stress on health have been reported; however, reproductive alterations in oocytes and cumulus cells have not been fully described. In females, chronic stress has been shown to produce alterations in the estrous cycle, to decrease oocyte maturation, and to increase the percentage of abnormal oocytes. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the oocytes from chronically stressed female rats could recover and mature by providing them with all the necessary culture conditions, as well as to evaluate the functionality of the GAP junctions, and the viability and DNA integrity of the cumulus cells, which are crucial for the complete maturation and development of the oocyte.

Expression Profiles and Interaction of MicroRNA and Transcripts in Response to Bovine Leukemia Virus Exposure.

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection in cattle is omnipresent, which causes significantly economical losses worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine microRNA (miRNA) and transcript profiles and to establish their relationship in response to exposure to the virus. Small noncoding and messenger RNA were extracted and sequenced from serum and white blood cells (WBCs) derived from seven BLV seropositive and seven seronegative cows.

MicroRNA profiles for different tissues from calves challenged with Mycoplasma bovis or challenged with Mycoplasma bovis and bovine viral diarrhea virus.

The objective was to determine differences in microRNAs (miRNAs) counts in several tissues of calves challenged with Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) or with M. bovis and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV).

Effect of Holstein genotype on immune response to an intramammary Escherichia coli challenge.

Selective breeding of US dairy cows since the mid-1960s has contributed to remarkable gains in milk yield per cow. This increased milk yield has been associated with an increase in health issues. Since 1964, the University of Minnesota has selectively bred a Holstein herd to maintain genetically static, unselected Holsteins (UH).

Corrigendum: Exogenous Vitamin D Modulates Response of Bovine Macrophages to subsp. Infection and Is Dependent Upon Stage of Johne's Disease.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.

Effects of perfluorooctanoic acid in oxidative stress generation, DNA damage in cumulus cells, and its impact on in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes.

Perfluorooctanoic acid is a synthetic compound mostly used in a wide range of consumer products with several adverse effects on somatic cells and gametes. It has been linked to hepatotoxic and carcinogenic effects, alterations in the immune system, endocrine, and reproductive alterations. In vivo studies show an increase in reactive oxygen species and DNA damage.