Fluid fluctuations assessed with artificial intelligence during the maintenance phase impact anti-vascular endothelial growth factor visual outcomes in a multicentre, routine clinical care national age-related macular degeneration database.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of fluid volume fluctuations quantified with artificial intelligence in optical coherence tomography scans during the maintenance phase and visual outcomes at 12 and 24 months in a real-world, multicentre, national cohort of treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) eyes.

Methods: Demographics, visual acuity (VA) and number of injections were collected using the Fight Retinal Blindness tool. Intraretinal fluid (IRF), subretinal fluid (SRF), pigment epithelial detachment (PED), total fluid (TF) and central subfield thickness (CST) were quantified using the RetinAI Discovery tool.

An Optimized Method to Produce Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Limbal Stem Cells Easily Adaptable for Clinical Use.

In adults, the limbal stem cells (LSC) reside in the limbal region of the eye, at the junction of the cornea and the sclera where they renew the outer epithelial layer of the cornea assuring transparency. LSC deficiencies (LSCD) due to disease or injury account for one of the major causes of blindness. Among current treatments for LSCD, cornea transparency can be restored by providing new LSC to the damaged eye and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) holds great promise as a new advanced cell source.

Molecular-Genetic Biomarkers of Diabetic Macular Edema.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of vision impairment and blindness among diabetic patients, requiring effective diagnostic and monitoring strategies. This systematic review aims to synthesize current knowledge on molecular biomarkers associated with DME, focusing on their potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and disease management. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, covering literature from 2004 to 2023.

Fight Retinal Blindness SPAIN. Report 3: clinical outcomes of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors in low vision eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. A national database study.

Objectives: To compare visual outcomes for low vision eyes (LVE) (<35 letters LogMAR or <20/200 Snellen) versus non-low vision eyes (NLVE) (>35 letters LogMAR or >20/200 Snellen) at the time of the first injection in a clinical practice setting.

Methods: Subgroup analysis of a multicenter national database of treatment- naïve eyes neovascular age related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with anti-VEGF intravitreal injections divided into LVE and NLVE. Demographics, visual acuity (VA) at baseline and subsequent timepoints (12, 24, and 36 months), number of injections and visits data were collected using a validated web-based tool (Fight Retinal Blindness!).

Assessment of quality of life, psychosocial, and epidemiological aspects in patients diagnosed with tuberculous uveitis.

Purpose: To assess the quality of life in patients diagnosed as having tuberculous uveitis and its association with sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial aspects.

Method: By conducting standardized interviews, clinical and demographic data were collected using a measure developed in this study. This measure was applied in addition to other measures, namely SF-12, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and NEI-VFQ-39, which were used to assess health-related quality of life, anxiety and depression symptoms, and visual functioning.

Three-Year Outcomes of VEGF Inhibitors in Naive Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion: Fight Retinal Blindness!

Purpose: To evaluate the 3-year outcomes of VEGF inhibitors in the treatment of cystoid macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in an international multicenter cohort of eyes.

Design: Multicenter, international, BRVO database study.

Subjects: Seven hundred forty-seven patients (760 eyes) undergoing intravitreal therapy for BRVO for 3 years in a multicenter international setting.

Aflibercept Off-Target Effects in Diabetic Macular Edema: An In Silico Modeling Approach.

Intravitreal aflibercept injection (IAI) is a treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME), but its mechanism of action (MoA) has not been completely elucidated. Here, we aimed to explore IAI's MoA and its multi-target nature in DME pathophysiology with an in silico (computer simulation) disease model. We used the Therapeutic Performance Mapping System (Anaxomics Biotech property) to generate mathematical models based on the available scientific knowledge at the time of the study, describing the relationship between the modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) by IAI and DME pathophysiological processes.

Factors associated with early hydroxychloroquine-induced retinal toxicity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Purpose: Hydroxychloroquine is currently recommended for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but it can cause irreversible retinal toxicity. This study aimed to identify factors associated with early hydroxychloroquine-induced retinal toxicity in patients with SLE from a single centre for 20 years.

Methods: SLE patients diagnosed between 1998 and 2017 and followed up for at least 1 year were included.

New proposal for a multimodal imaging approach for the subclinical detection of hydroxychloroquine-induced retinal toxicity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: To compare multimodal structural and functional diagnostic methods in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) treated with hydroxychloroquine, to identify the best complementary approach for detecting subclinical retinal toxicity.

Methods: A cross-sectional, unicentric study was conducted on patients with SLE treated with hydroxychloroquine. Each patient underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation, comprising structural tests (spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), OCT, OCT angiography (OCTA), fundus autofluorescence (FAF)) and functional tests (automated perimetry for visual field (VF) testing, multifocal electroretinography (mfERG)).

Progression of Retinal Ganglion Cell and Nerve Fiber Layer Loss in Spinocerebellar Ataxia 3 Patients.

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) allows noninvasive measurements of retinal neuron layers. Here, we evaluate the relationship between clinical features and anatomical SD-OCT measurements in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) and how they change with time. A retrospective review was conducted on SCA3 patients.

Choriocapillaris and choroidal thickness in all Leber hereditary optic neuropathy stages using swept source technology.

Purpose: The role of the choroid in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) remains unclear. The literature is scarce, with conflicting results and lacks axial length measurements. Therefore, we aimed to analyse the choriocapillaris (CC) vessel density (VD) and choroidal thickness (ChT) in all stages of LHON using swept source (SS) technology and considering the possible influence of axial length on choroidal parameters.

Translation and validation of the Visual Function and Corneal Health Status (V-FUCHS) questionnaire into Spanish language.

Purpose: To translate and validate the V-FUCHS questionnaire into Spanish in a population of patients with Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (DEF).

Methods: The V-FUCHS consists of 15 short, easily understandable questions that assess visual aspects of quality of life in patients with DEF, which can be gathered into a group of seven that assess the "Visual Difficulty" factor and another group of eight that assess the "Glare Factor". For the translation and cultural adaptation, the standardized norms for this process were followed, among other phases, a translation, a back-translation and an application in patients with DEF.

Protocol for the treatment of cystoid macular edema secondary to retinitis pigmentosa and other inherited retinal dystrophies.

Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRD) are the leading cause of legal blindness in the working population. Cystic macular edema (CME) is one of the treatable causes of visual loss, affecting up to 50% of the patients. A bibliographic review has been carried out combining "inherited retinal dystrophy", "retinitis pigmentosa", "macular oedema" and a diagnostic-therapeutic protocol according to the levels of evidence and recommendations of the "US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality".

Macular Neovascularization Type Influence on Anti-VEGF Intravitreal Therapy Outcomes in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of macular neovascularization (MNV) lesion type on 12-month clinical outcomes in treatment-naive eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with anti-VEGF drugs nationwide.

Design: Multicenter national nAMD database observational study.

Subjects: One thousand six hundred six treatment-naive nAMD eyes (1330 patients) undergoing anti-VEGF therapy for 12 months nationwide.

4 New strategies in the barcelona eye bank to minimize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Since the start of the pandemic, the tissue donation in Catalonia (Spain) has decreased drastically. At the beginning of the lockdown (from March to May 2020) there was a drop of around 70% in donation of corneas and of approximately 90% in donation of placentas. Despite the fast updating of standard operating procedures, we had big difficulties in different points.

38 Lyophilized amniotic membrane for pterygium surgery: long-term outcomes.

Purpose: To investigate the tolerability, security and long-term efficacy of lyophilized amniotic membrane (LAM) as an alternative to cryopreserved amniotic membrane in pterygium surgery.

Material And Methods: Prospective case series of patients with primary nasal pterygium who undergone pterygium surgery and LAM implant either with sutures or glue. Postoperative follow-up was until month 24.

30 A new step on amniotic membrane extract eye drops (AMEED) development for the treatment of severe ocular surface pathologies.

Introduction: Our tissue establishment developed a protocol for processing amniotic membranes as extracts to be re-hydrated and administered topically as eye drops, becoming a new approach to treat severe ocular surface pathologies. From 2015 to 2017 the safety and efficacy of the amniotic membrane extract eye drops (AMEED) were assessed in patients with severe ocular surface pathologies through clinical follow-up of ocular surface symptoms before and after regular application of the extract.Between 2018 and 2019 a study of 36 patients (50 eyes) treated with topical AMEED was conducted comparing 2 groups of patients: Dry Eye Disease (DED) and Wound Healing Delay (WHD) showing global similar symptomatic improvement in both groups (DED 88.

Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory, Angiogenic, and Apoptotic molecules in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema Patients.

The aim of this study is to evaluate molecules involved in oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, and discern which of these are more likely to be implicated in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) by investigating the correlation between them in the plasma (PLS) and vitreous body (VIT), as well as examining data obtained from ophthalmological examinations. Type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients with PDR/DME (PDRG/DMEG; n = 112) and non-DM subjects as the surrogate controls (SCG n = 48) were selected according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria and programming for vitrectomy, either due to having PDR/DME or macular hole (MH)/epiretinal membrane (ERM)/rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Blood samples were collected and processed to determine the glycemic profile, total cholesterol, and C reactive protein, as well as the malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels and total antioxidant capacity (TAC).

Serum Vitamin D Levels as Biomarkers in Patients with Autoimmune Uveitis and their Possible Correlation with Disease Activity.

This study investigated the correlation between serum vitamin D levels and intraocular inflammation in patients with autoimmune uveitis (AIU). We evaluated 67 patients with active and inactive AIU and measured their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration, sun exposure habits, number of relapses, and complications. Of the patients evaluated, 85% had significantly lower vitamin D levels, and patients with active uveitis had lower 25(OH)D levels than those with inactive uveitis.

Pterygium surgery with lyophilized versus cryopreserved amniotic membrane graft.

Purpose: To evaluate surgical outcomes (recurrence rate, aesthetics and symptoms) of pterygium surgery with two different amniotic membrane preservation approaches - lyophilized (LAM) and cryopreserved (CAM).

Methods: Primary pterygium patients were randomized to either LAM or CAM surgery. Demographic data, ocular surface disease index (OSDI), aesthetic grading (1 to 4), recurrences and complications were recorded over a 6-month follow-up period.

A Framework for Human Corneal Endothelial Cell Culture and Preliminary Wound Model Experiments with a New Cell Tracking Approach.

Cell injection therapy is emerging as an alternative to treat corneal endothelial dysfunction (CED) and to avoid corneal scarring due to bullous keratopathy. However, establishing a standardized culture procedure that provides appropriate cell yield while retaining functional features remains a challenge. Here, we describe a detailed framework obtained from in vitro culture of human corneal endothelial cells (HCECs) and comparative in vivo experimental models for CED treatment with a new cell tracking approach.

Artificial intelligence-based fluid quantification and associated visual outcomes in a real-world, multicentre neovascular age-related macular degeneration national database.

Aim: To explore associations between artificial intelligence (AI)-based fluid compartment quantifications and 12 months visual outcomes in OCT images from a real-world, multicentre, national cohort of naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated eyes.

Methods: Demographics, visual acuity (VA), drug and number of injections data were collected using a validated web-based tool. Fluid compartment quantifications including intraretinal fluid (IRF), subretinal fluid (SRF) and pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in the fovea (1 mm), parafovea (3 mm) and perifovea (6 mm) were measured in nanoliters (nL) using a validated AI-tool.

Preclinical ocular changes in systemic lupus erythematosus patients by optical coherence tomography.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to detect preclinical changes in SLE patients in retinal microvascularization or retinal and optical nerve structure by optical coherence tomography.

Methods: This cross-sectional, single-centre study aimed to describe structural changes [macular and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness] by structural spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and perifoveal vascular [vessel density (VD) and vascular perfusion (VP) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) structural parameters] findings by OCT angiography (OCTA) in 78 SLE patients and 80 healthy volunteers. In addition, we analysed their association with clinical and laboratory parameters, medications received, disease duration, and SLE activity and damage.

Diagnostic Odyssey in an Adult Patient with Ophthalmologic Abnormalities and Hearing Loss: Contribution of RNA-Seq to the Diagnosis of a PEX1 Deficiency.

Peroxisomal biogenesis disorders (PBDs) are a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases. Multiple peroxisomal pathways are impaired, and very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) are the first line biomarkers for the diagnosis. The clinical presentation of PBDs may range from severe, lethal multisystemic disorders to milder, late-onset disease.