Relational practices for meaningful inclusion in health research: Results of a deliberative dialogue study.

Introduction: The importance of including people affected by research (e.g., community members, citizens or patient partners) is increasingly recognized across the breadth of institutions involved in connecting research with action.

Differences in Resilience Mechanisms and Physical Activity among Women Experiencing Chronic Pain with Higher or Lower Resilience.

Background: Chronic pain is a public health issue, with women being disproportionately impacted. Progressing from light physical activity to the recommended moderate to vigorous intensities is effective for chronic pain self-management, yet participation is low among women experiencing chronic pain. Researchers studying resilience approaches to chronic pain contend that women with higher resilience, or functioning well despite adverse life stressors including chronic pain, should have better resilience mechanisms and more physical activity participation.

Differences in adaptive and maladaptive psychosocial responses to chronic pain among adults with varying physical activity levels.

Aim: Chronic pain is a global public health problem that detrimentally impacts people's health and well-being. Physical activity is beneficial and a recommended self-management strategy for adults living with chronic pain. Yet, many of them struggle to meet the public health recommendation of 150+ minutes/week of moderate-vigorous physical activity.

Effect of Group Counseling Plus Tailored Exercise on Mobility Function in Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) impairs muscular function and limits individuals' ability to perform everyday activities requiring mobility. People with MS frequently exhibit mobility problems (ie, slower walking speed, shorter strides). General exercise training (eg, resistance, aerobic) provides modest physiological and walking mobility benefits.

A proof-of-concept study on the impact of a chronic pain and physical activity training workshop for exercise professionals.

Objectives: Physical activity is essential for long-term chronic pain management, yet individuals struggle to participate. Exercise professionals, including fitness instructors, and personal trainers, are preferred delivery agents for education and instruction on chronic pain, physical activity, and strategies to use adherence-promoting behavioral skills. However, exercise professionals receive no relevant training during certification or continuing education opportunities to effectively support their participants living with chronic pain.

Understanding Physiotherapists' Intention to Counsel Clients with Chronic Pain on Exercise: A Focus on Psychosocial Factors.

Twenty percent of Canadians experience chronic pain. Exercise is an effective management strategy, yet participation levels are low. Physiotherapists can be key to counselling clients to engage in long-term unsupervised exercise.

Handheld Point-of-Care Lactate Measurement at Admission Predicts Mortality in Ugandan Children Hospitalized with Pneumonia: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Globally, pneumonia is the leading cause of death among children younger than 5 years old, with most deaths occurring in low-income countries. Rapid bedside tools to assist practitioners to accurately triage and risk-stratify these patients may improve clinical care and patient outcomes. We conducted a prospective cohort study of children with pneumonia admitted to two Ugandan hospitals to examine the predictive value of a single point-of-care lactate measurement using a commercially available handheld device, the Lactate Scout Analyzer.

Facing Multiple Barriers to Exercise: Does Stronger Efficacy Help Individuals with Arthritis?

Background: Research about exercise adherence amongst adults with arthritis has been largely correlational, and theoretically based causal studies are needed. We used an experimental design to test the social cognitive theory premise that high self-efficacy helps to overcome challenging barriers to action.

Methods: Exercising individuals (N = 86; female = 78%; M age = 53; BMI = 27) with differential self-regulatory efficacy for managing salient, non-disease barriers were randomly assigned to many or few barrier conditions.

Self-Regulatory Efficacy Encourages Exercise Persistence Despite Arthritis Flare Symptoms.

Background: The study of exercise adherence during an arthritis flare is recommended by arthritis researchers. Studies to date have been correlational.

Methods: Social cognitions of exercising individuals with arthritis who consider exercise adherence under different levels of challenge of an arthritis flare were examined using an experimental design.

Differences in psychosocial responses to pain between sufficiently and insufficiently active adults with arthritis.

Objective: Adults with arthritis struggle to meet the physical activity recommendation for disease self-management. Identifying psychosocial factors that differentiate adults who meet (sufficiently active) or do not meet (insufficiently active) the recommendation is needed. This study sought to examine differences in psychosocial responses to arthritis pain among adults who were sufficiently or insufficiently active.

Is maternal education a social vaccine for childhood malaria infection? A cross-sectional study from war-torn Democratic Republic of Congo.

In zones of violent conflict in the tropics, social disruption leads to elevated child mortality, of which malaria is the leading cause. Understanding the social determinants of malaria transmission may be helpful to optimize malaria control efforts. We conducted a cross-sectional study of healthy children aged 2 months to 5 years attending well-child and/or immunization visits in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).

Predicting planned physical activity of individuals with arthritis: A self-regulatory perspective.

Few individuals with arthritis are sufficiently active. We surveyed a convenience sample of exercisers ( N = 134) to examine the utility of social cognitive theory variables, namely, self-regulatory efficacy, negative outcome expectations, and pain acceptance for predicting planned physical activity according to Weinstein's two prediction suggestions. Logistic regression revealed, after controlling for pain intensity, self-regulatory efficacy, negative outcome expectations, and pain acceptance distinguished groups achieving/not achieving planned physical activity, p < 0.

Barriers to Physical Activity Among Gay Men.

Gay men may not be physically active at recommended levels to achieve health benefits. Thus, a need exists to identify general (i.e.

Prediction of adaptive self-regulatory responses to arthritis pain anxiety in exercising adults: does pain acceptance matter?

Background: Exercising for ≥ 150 min/week is a recommended strategy for self-managing arthritis. However, exercise nonadherence is a problem. Arthritis pain anxiety may interfere with regular exercise.

Pain, anxiety, and negative outcome expectations for activity: do negative psychological profiles differ between the inactive and active?

Objective: Adherence to physical activity at ≥150 minutes/week has proven to offer disease management and health-promoting benefits among adults with arthritis. While highly active people seem undaunted by arthritis pain and are differentiated from the moderately active by adherence-related psychological factors, knowledge about inactive individuals is lacking. This knowledge may identify what to change in order to help inactive people begin and maintain physical activity.

Obesity-induced lysine acetylation increases cardiac fatty acid oxidation and impairs insulin signalling.

Aims: Lysine acetylation is a novel post-translational pathway that regulates the activities of enzymes involved in both fatty acid and glucose metabolism. We examined whether lysine acetylation controls heart glucose and fatty acid oxidation in high-fat diet (HFD) obese and SIRT3 knockout (KO) mice.

Methods And Results: C57BL/6 mice were placed on either a HFD (60% fat) or a low-fat diet (LFD; 4% fat) for 16 or 18 weeks.

Chemical similarity between historical and novel host plants promotes range and host expansion of the mountain pine beetle in a naïve host ecosystem.

Host plant secondary chemistry can have cascading impacts on host and range expansion of herbivorous insect populations. We investigated the role of host secondary compounds on pheromone production by the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) (MPB) and beetle attraction in response to a historical (lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta var. latifolia) and a novel (jack pine, Pinus banksiana) hosts, as pheromones regulate the host colonization process.

Improving physical functional status in patients with fibromyalgia: a brief cognitive behavioral intervention.

Objective: Sustained improvement in physical functional status was the primary goal of a brief, 6 session cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) protocol for fibromyalgia (FM).

Methods: One hundred forty-five patients with FM were randomly assigned to either (1) standard medical care that included pharmacological management of symptoms and suggestions for aerobic fitness, or (2) the same standard medical treatment plus 6 sessions of CBT aimed at improving physical functioning. Outcome measures included the Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36 Physical Component Score and McGill ratings of pain.