Progressive 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 Insufficiency as Kidney Function Declines.

Background: It has been postulated that chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a state of relative 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11βHSD2) insufficiency, resulting in increased cortisol-mediated mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation. We hypothesized that relative 11βHSD2 insufficiency manifests across a wide spectrum of progressively declining kidney function, including within the normal range.

Methods: Adult participants were recruited at two academic centers.

Adipose Tissue Dysfunction and the Role of Adipocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome.

Obesity is a major public health issue that is associated with metabolic diseases including diabetes mellitus type 2 and metabolic syndrome. This pathology leads to detrimental cardiovascular health and secondary effects, such as lipotoxicity, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been highlighted as novel players participating in human physiology and pathophysiology.

Post-COVID-19 condition: a sex-based analysis of clinical and laboratory trends.

Background And Aim: Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) encompasses long-lasting symptoms in individuals with COVID-19 and is estimated to affect between 31-67% of patients, with women being more commonly affected. No definitive biomarkers have emerged in the acute stage that can help predict the onset of PCC, therefore we aimed at describing sex-disaggregated data of PCC patients from a local cohort and explore potential acute predictors of PCC and neurologic PCC.

Methods: A local cohort of consecutive patients admitted with COVID-19 diagnosis between June 2020 and July 2021 were registered, and clinical and laboratory data were recorded.

Association of dead space fraction to mortality in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS: A historical cohort observational study.

Objective: To assess the correlation of dead space fraction (VD/VT) measured through time capnography, corrected minute volume (CMV) and ventilation ratio (VR) with clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation.

Design: Observational study of a historical cohort.

Setting: University hospital in Medellin, Colombia.

The role of sex hormones in aldosterone biosynthesis and their potential impact on its mineralocorticoid receptor.

Blood pressure (BP) regulation is a complex process involving various hormones, including aldosterone and its mineralocorticoid receptor. Mineralocorticoid receptor is expressed in several tissues, including the kidney, and plays a crucial role in regulating BP by controlling the sodium and water balance. During different stages of life, hormonal changes can affect mineralocorticoid receptor activity and aldosterone levels, leading to changes in BP.

Coma Prevalence in Critical Care Units in Chile: Results of a Cross-Sectional Survey on World Coma Day.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of coma among patients in critical care units in Chile. We also aimed to provide insight into the demographic characteristics, etiologies, and complications associated with coma.

Methods: A single day cross-sectional study was conducted through a national survey of public and private hospitals with critical and intensive cardiac care units across Chile.

Isolated Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor Function Varies Between Mammals.

Concerted robust opening of cardiac ryanodine receptors' (RyR2) Ca release 1oplasmic reticulum (SR) is fundamental for normal systolic cardiac function. During diastole, infrequent spontaneous RyR2 openings mediate the SR Ca leak that normally constrains SR Ca load. Abnormal large diastolic RyR2-mediated Ca leak events can cause delayed after depolarizations (DADs) and arrhythmias.

[New morbidity following critical illness in Latin American children under 18 years old with lower respiratory tract infection].

Unlabelled: Acquisition of new morbidity (NM) has become a key clinical outcome measure after pediatric critical illness. Data on Latin American children are still scarce.

Objective: to analyze the development of new morbidities acquired after hospitalization due to lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in pediatric intensive care units (PICU).

Impact of CYP2D6 genotype on opioid use disorder deprescription: an observational prospective study in chronic pain with sex-differences.

Opioid deprescription is the process of supervised tapering and safe withdrawal when a potentially inappropriate use is detected. This represents a challenge in chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) patients who may respond differently to the procedure. Our aim was to analyze the potential impact of CYP2D6 phenotypes and sex on the clinical and safety outcomes during an opioid use disorder (OUD) tapering process.

Long-term deprescription in chronic pain and opioid use disorder patients: Pharmacogenetic and sex differences.

More than half of patients with opioid use disorder for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) reduced their dose through a progressive opioid withdrawal supported by a rotation to buprenorphine and/or tramadol. The aim of this research is to analyse the long-term effectiveness of opioid deprescription taking into account the impact of sex and pharmacogenetics on the inter-individual variability. A cross-sectional study was carried out from October 2019 to June 2020 on CNCP patients who had previously undergone an opioid deprescription ( = 119 patients).

Inequalities by sex on remaining teeth in adults: A decomposition analysis.

Objective: To identify which social determinants of health explain the gap in the remaining teeth between men and women.

Methods: A secondary analysis of data from the Chilean National Health Survey (CNHS) 2016-2017 was performed on the number of remaining teeth in adults. The explanatory variables were organized into structural and intermediate social determinants of health according to the WHO framework.

Trends and socioeconomic, demographic, and environmental factors associated with antimicrobial resistance: a longitudinal analysis in 39 hospitals in Chile 2008-2017.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is among the most critical global health threats of the 21st century. AMR is primarily driven by the use and misuse of antibiotics but can be affected by socioeconomic and environmental factors. Reliable and comparable estimates of AMR over time are essential to making public health decisions, defining research priorities, and evaluating interventions.

Risk factors for pressure ulcer recurrence following surgical reconstruction: A cross-sectional retrospective analysis.

Many studies on the recurrence of pressure ulcers after surgical reconstruction have focused on surgical techniques and socioeconomic factors. Herein, we aimed to identify the risk factors of the associated comorbidities for pressure ulcer recurrence. We enrolled 147 patients who underwent pressure ulcer reconstruction and were followed up for more than three years.

Spatial pH variability of coral reef flats of Kiritimati Island, Kiribati.

Ocean acidification poses a threat to carbonate-dominated marine systems, such as tropical coral reefs, as it impacts the ability of organisms to calcify. For assessing the susceptibility of coral reef flats to open ocean acidification it is crucial to better understand the dynamics between the carbonate chemistry of open ocean waters flowing onto coral reef flats and the ecological and hydrodynamic processes that locally modify seawater conditions. In this study, variations in seawater pH and temperature were measured along cross-reef flat transects in high resolution (∼0.

The effect of the chemical composition on the sensory characterization of Ecuadorian coffee.

The study aims to test if Ecuadorean coffee's symbolic and material contents agree with the instrumental analysis and grading protocols. We studied the relationship between the chemical composition and the organoleptic characteristics of eight non-specialty and six specialty coffee samples. Firstly, the study addresses the grading following the Specialty Coffee American Association (SCAA) method.

Clinical relevance of the use of Dentoxol for oral mucositis induced by radiotherapy: A phase II clinical trial.

Background: Severe oral mucositis associated with cancer therapy is a frequent complication that may affect a patient's systemic condition, resulting in interruption and/or prolongation of cancer therapy. Dentoxol is a medical solution in the form of a mouthwash that has been shown to result in statistically significant improvement in the prevention of severe oral mucositis. However, knowing the measures of the clinical significance of this therapy is important for accurate decision-making.

Lung Metastasectomy from Colorectal Cancer, 10-year Experience in a South American Cancer Center.

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the survival outcomes and factors associated with prognosis in patients undergoing pulmonary metastasectomy with colorectal cancer (CRC) in a cancer center in South America.

Material And Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients that underwent lung metastasectomy due to CRC at National Cancer Institute (INC), Colombia between 2007 and 2017 was performed and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis along with log-rank test and Cox regression multivariate analysis were completed.

Results: Seventy-five patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma were included in the study.