Real-world effects of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection frequency on visual outcomes in patients with diabetic macular oedema.

Background And Objective: Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections are often administered less frequently in real-world treatment of diabetic macular oedema (DMO) than what was studied in clinical trials. This study aims to characterise real-world DMO treatment patterns and the effect of treatment intervals on patient outcomes.

Study Design/patients And Methods: This was a retrospective study of 291 patients with DMO treated with anti-VEGF therapy.

Comparing Effective Optical Zones After Myopic Ablation Between LASIK, PRK, and SMILE With Correlation to Higher Order Aberrations.

Purpose: To explore size, decentration, and eccentricity of effective optical zones (EOZs) in laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and correlate them to higher order aberrations (HOAs).

Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of 188 eyes that underwent refractive surgery for compound myopia (61 LASIK, 84 PRK, 43 SMILE). EOZ measurements were determined using 1-year postoperative Pentacam (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH) tangential difference maps.

Influence of Preoperative Parameters on the Ratio of Keratometric Change per Diopter of Attempted Spherical Equivalent (∆K/∆SEQ) for Myopic Correction Within LASIK, PRK, and SMILE.

Purpose: To compare 3 of the most common corneal refractive procedures; PRK, LASIK, and SMILE assessing ΔK/ΔSEQ ratio and its correlation with preoperative demographics including age, keratometry, pachymetry, cylinder value, and attempted myopic correction. The goal was to analyze the relative strength of each preoperative parameter in accounting for changes in ∆K/∆SEQ.

Patients And Methods: A total of 370 eyes from 102 male and 97 female patients (173 eyes PRK, 153 LASIK, and 44 SMILE) with ages ranging from 20 to 51 underwent refractive surgery for myopia between -0.

Allogenic Lenticular Implantation for Correction of Refractive Error and Ectasia: Narrative Review.

Introduction: Intrastromal lenticule implantation is a promising treatment option for corneal pathologies, from refractive error to ectasia. In this narrative review, we intend to feature up-to-date literature supporting the use of lenticular tissue, a compelling method that can be customized for a variety of applications, providing an additional source of donor tissue for treating corneal diseases.

Methods: We searched databases PubMed, Mendeley, and Scopus last accessed 10 May 2023, for literature on stromal lenticules and narrowed based on relevance.

Assessing Visual Outcomes: A Comparative Study of US-FDA Premarket Approval Data for Multifocal and EDOF Lens Implants in Cataract Surgery.

This study compares the efficacy, safety, and patient-reported outcomes of three intraocular implants (IOL): Tecnis Synergy IOL, AcrySof IQ PanOptix Trifocal, and Tecnis Symfony EDOF IOL. Participants achieving 20/20 or better uncorrected binocular visual acuity were as follows: Synergy-67% distance, 64% intermediate, and 47% near; PanOptix-73% distance, 73% intermediate, and 50% near; and Symfony-63% distance, 75% intermediate, and 22% near. Symfony demonstrated superior intermediate visual acuity compared to Synergy ( = 0.

Comparison of Corneal Power Difference Maps with Achieved Myopic Correction Using Scheimpflug Tomography After LASIK, PRK, and SMILE.

Purpose: To compare corneal power difference maps (∆maps) obtained from the Pentacam in patients with 1 year follow-up after LASIK, PRK, and SMILE with further stratification to low, moderate, and high myopia.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study was comprised of patients who had preoperative and 1-year postoperative power maps that were obtained-front sagittal (SagF), refractive power (RP), true net power (TNP), and total corneal refractive power (TCRP)-for evaluation. Measurements were recorded and compared at the 4mm, 5mm and 6mm pupil and apex zones.

The Combined Utilization of Epithelial Thickness Mapping and Tomography in Keratorefractive Surgery Screening: One Imaging Modality is Not Sufficient.

Increasing popularity and utility of epithelial thickness mapping (ETM) in keratorefractive surgery screening may begin to inappropriately devalue the use of tomography. An increasing body of research suggests that the interpretation of ETM based solely on the corneal resurfacing function may be insufficient to screen and select patients for refractive surgery. ETM and tomography are complementary and, when used together, may provide the safest and most optimal tools for keratorefractive surgery screening.

Comparing Visual Outcomes of Light Adjustable Intraocular Lenses in Patients With and Without Prior History of Corneal Refractive Surgery.

Purpose: To assess visual outcomes of light adjustable intraocular lens (LAL; Calhoun Vision, Inc) implantation after cataract extraction in patients with a history of corneal refractive surgery.

Methods: The records of patients who received LALs with and without a history of corneal refractive surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Data for 51 eyes (30 patients) with a history of corneal refractive surgery and 52 eyes (44 patients) without refractive surgery were analyzed.

Bilateral Lipid Keratopathy in the Setting of Brimonidine Tartrate Use.

Lipid keratopathy (LK) is a rare disease involving lipid deposition in the cornea resulting in corneal opacification. Primary LK can arise sporadically while secondary LK is seen in patients with a history of ocular trauma, medication exposure, infection, inflammation, or disorders resulting in derangements of lipid metabolism. Secondary LK is more common and occurs due to neovascularization.

Cutibacterium (Formerly Propionibacterium ) acnes Keratitis: A Review.

Infectious keratitis is a devastating cause of vision loss worldwide. Cutibacterium acnes ( C. acnes ), a commensal bacterium of the skin and ocular surface, is an underrecognized but important cause of bacterial keratitis.

One-Year Visual Outcomes and Corneal Higher-Order Aberration Assessment of Small-Incision Lenticule Extraction for the Treatment of Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism.

We present a retrospective, single-center report of one-year visual outcomes for Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) to treat myopia and myopic astigmatism, as well as to compare outcomes with other published literature, including results from the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA). A total of 405 eyes with a mean preoperative spherical equivalent of -5.54 diopters (D) underwent SMILE between April 2017 and April 2022.

Light adjustable intraocular lenses: an updated platform for cataract surgery.

Purpose Of Review: Light adjustable intraocular lenses (LALs) are a relatively new platform for cataract surgery that is shifting the paradigm for intraocular lens placement following cataract removal.

Recent Findings: LALs may have additional utility in patients with prior refractive surgery and complex ocular conditions, as they give the surgeon greater latitude in preoperative intraocular power calculations to meet postoperative refractive goals.

Summary: Further study of best candidates for LALs is warranted.

Review of Presbyopia Treatment with Corneal Inlays and New Developments.

Presbyopia may represent the largest segment of refractive errors that is without an established and effective refractive surgery treatment. Corneal Inlays are materials (synthetic or allogenic) implanted in the stroma of patients' corneas to improve presbyopia. These inlays, introduced into the United States in 2015 via the small-aperture corneal inlay (KAMRA, SightLife Surgical/CorneaGen, Seattle, Washington, United States), were met with an initial wave of enthusiasm.

Corneal opacities after small-incision lenticule extraction.

A 36-year-old woman was referred to our clinic in October 2021 with suboptimal vision at intermediate and near distances and halos and photophobia after a small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in December 2019. The patient needs to increase font size of her computer to 150% to read text, but images still appear blurred. She indicates that sunglasses seem to improve her contrast.

Pyridine-pyrimidine amides that prevent HGF-induced epithelial scattering by two distinct mechanisms.

Stimulation of cultured epithelial cells with scatter factor/hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) results in individual cells detaching and assuming a migratory and invasive phenotype. Epithelial scattering recapitulates cancer progression and studies have implicated HGF signaling as a driver of cancer metastasis. Inhibitors of HGF signaling have been proposed to act as anti-cancer agents.