A Study on the Photoisomerization of ()-Dehydrozingerone, Its ()-()-C₂ Symmetric Dimer, and Their -Methylated Derivatives.

In this study, UV-induced ()-to-() geometrical isomerizations of the curcumin degradation product ()-dehydrozingerone, along with curcumin-inspired ()--methylated dehydrozingerone and their corresponding C-symmetric dimers, were investigated. All compounds produced corresponding () isomers in varying yields upon UV irradiation in deuterated solvents. The efficiency of these photoisomerizations depended on the solvent and wavelength used.

Trajectories of biologic drug use before, during and after pregnancy: an Italian cohort study from the VALORE project.

Background: Monitoring biologic drug therapy during pregnancy in women with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) is crucial to ensure treatments align with evidence-based practices.

Research Design And Methods: A retrospective cohort study based on healthcare claims data from eight Italian regions was conducted, analyzing deliveries between 2009 and 2021. The study included women receiving biologic drugs within nine months before their last menstruation.

Exploring Biological Targets of Magnolol and Honokiol and their Nature-Inspired Synthetic Derivatives: In Silico Identification and Experimental Validation of Estrogen Receptors.

In this work, we describe the results of a computational investigation aimed at identifying potential biological targets of honokiol, magnolol and a series of synthetic prodrug derivatives obtained through esterification of the free hydroxyl groups. The ligand-based and structure-based analyses revealed that these compounds potentially interact with several biological targets, some of which are known while others are new. Honokiol, magnolol, and three of the newly synthesized derivatives may bind to estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ.

Switching patterns of biological drugs in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: insight from the VALORE database network.

Background: Switch patterns among different biologics and from originators to biosimilars (and vice versa) can be complex in patients with psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA).

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe switching patterns of biological drugs in PsO/PsA patients and to explore predictors of multiple switches and switch-back.

Research Design And Methods: A large-scale retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Italian VALORE database.

Neuroprotective Effects of the Nutraceutical Dehydrozingerone and Its C-Symmetric Dimer in a Drosophila Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons responsible for unintended or uncontrollable movements. Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 locus contribute to genetic forms of PD. The fruit fly carrying this mutation (LRRK2-Dm) is an in vivo model of PD that develops motor impairment and stands for an eligible non-mammalian paradigm to test novel therapeutic approaches.

The combination of inorganic phosphate and pyrophosphate P-NMR for the electrodeless pH determination in the 5-12 range.

Potentiometry is the primary pH measurement method, but alternatives are sought beyond glass electrodes operative limitations. In nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, electrodeless pH sensing is important to track changes along titrations, during chemical reactions or inside compartmentalized environments inaccessible to electrodes, for instance. Although several interesting NMR pH indicators have been already presented, the potential of inorganic phosphate is overlooked, despite its common presence in NMR samples as the buffer main component.

Sustainable Electropolymerization of Zingerone and Its C2 Symmetric Dimer for Amperometric Biosensor Films.

Polymeric permselective films are frequently used for amperometric biosensors to prevent electroactive interference present in the target matrix. Phenylenediamines are the most commonly used for the deposition of shielding polymeric films against interfering species; however, even phenolic monomers have been utilized in the creation of these films for microsensors and biosensors. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performances of electrosynthesized polymers, layered by means of constant potential amperometry (CPA), of naturally occurring compound zingerone (ZING) and its dimer dehydrozingerone (ZING DIM), which was obtained by straight oxidative coupling reaction.

Temporal and spatial variability of immunosuppressive therapies in transplant patients: An observational study in Italy.

Background: In immunosuppression after transplantation, several multi-drug approaches are used, involving calcineurin inhibitors (), antimetabolites (), mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (), and corticosteroids. However, data on immunosuppressive therapy by organ and its space-time variability are lacking.

Methods: An Italian multicentre observational cohort study was conducted using health information systems.

An Italian multicentre distributed data research network to study the use, effectiveness, and safety of immunosuppressive drugs in transplant patients: Framework and perspectives of the CESIT project.

The goal of post-transplant immunosuppressive drug therapy is to prevent organ rejection while minimizing drug toxicities. In clinical practice, a multidrug approach is commonly used and involves drugs with different mechanisms of action, including calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) (tacrolimus or cyclosporine), antimetabolite (antimet) (mycophenolate or azathioprine), inhibitors of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) (sirolimus or everolimus), and/or steroids. Although evidence based on several randomized clinical trials is available, the optimal immunosuppressive therapy has not been established and may vary among organ transplant settings.

Molecular Docking and Comparative Inhibitory Efficacy of Naturally Occurring Compounds on Vegetative Growth and Deoxynivalenol Biosynthesis in .

The fungal pathogen causes Fusarium head blight in cereals, resulting in yield loss and contamination of the grain by type B trichothecene mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON), and its acetylated derivatives. Synthesis of trichothecenes is driven by a trichodiene synthase (TRI5) that converts farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) to trichodiene. In this work, 15 naturally occurring compounds that belong to the structural phenol and hydroxylated biphenyl classes were tested in vitro and in planta (durum wheat) to determine their inhibitory activity towards TRI5.

Prevalence, clinical and instrumental features of left bundle branch block-induced cardiomyopathy: the CLIMB registry.

Aims: Although increasingly recognized as a distinct pathological entity, left bundle branch block-induced cardiomyopathy (LBBB-ICMP) is not included among the possible aetiologies of acquired dilated cardiomyopathies (DCM). While diagnostic criteria have been proposed, its recognition remains principally retrospective, in the presence of clinical and instrumental red flags. We aimed to assess the prevalence and clinical and instrumental features of LBBB-ICMP in a large cohort of patients with DCM.

Natural Chain-Breaking Antioxidants and Their Synthetic Analogs as Modulators of Oxidative Stress.

Oxidative stress is associated with the increased production of reactive oxygen species or with a significant decrease in the effectiveness of antioxidant enzymes and nonenzymatic defense. The penetration of oxygen and free radicals in the hydrophobic interior of biological membranes initiates radical disintegration of the hydrocarbon "tails" of the lipids. This process is known as "lipid peroxidation", and the accumulation of the oxidation products as peroxides and the aldehydes and acids derived from them are often used as a measure of oxidative stress levels.

Natural and natural-like polyphenol compounds: antioxidant activity and potential for therapeutic application.

Introduction: Phenols are a large family of natural and synthetic compounds with known antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to perform screening of natural and natural-like phenol monomers and their C2-symmetric dimers (hydroxylated biphenyls) in order to identify those representatives whose pharmacophores have the strongest antioxidant and the lowest prooxidant activity.

Material And Methods: Antioxidative properties of 36 compounds (monomers and their C2-symmetric dimers) were evaluated .

Prenylated -Cinnamic Esters and Ethers against Clinical spp.: Repositioning of Natural Compounds in Antimicrobial Discovery.

Onychomycosis is a common nail infection mainly caused by species belonging to the , , and species complexes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of six representative strains of clinically relevant spp. toward a set of natural-occurring hydroxycinnamic acids and their derivatives with the purpose to develop naturally occurring products in order to cope with emerging resistance phenomena.

Conformational change following conversion of inactive rhinophrynin-33 to bioactive rhinophrynin-27 in the skin of the frog Rhinophrynus dorsalis.

Skin secretions of the Mexican burrowing toad Rhinophrynus dorsalis (Rhinophrynidae) contain the proline-arginine-rich peptide, rhinophrynin-27 (RP-27; ELRLPEIARPVPEVLPARLPLPALPRN) with insulinotropic and immunomodulatory properties, together with a higher concentration of the biologically inactive form, rhinophrynin-33 (RP-33) that constitutes RP-27 extended from its C-terminus by the hexapeptide KMAKNQ. Determination of the conformation of RP-33 by NMR demonstrates that in both water and in a solvent that promotes protein folding (50% trifluoroethanol-water), the majority of the proline residues are found in a polyproline type II helical region. The peptide adopts a horseshoe (U-shaped) conformation with pronounced bends in the molecule of around 100°-120° at Glu and Arg.

Synthesis and Studies of the Inhibitory Effect of Hydroxylated Phenylpropanoids and Biphenols Derivatives on Tyrosinase and Laccase Enzymes.

The impaired activity of tyrosinase and laccase can provoke serious concerns in the life cycles of mammals, insects and microorganisms. Investigation of inhibitors of these two enzymes may lead to the discovery of whitening agents, medicinal products, anti-browning substances and compounds for controlling harmful insects and bacteria. A small collection of novel reversible tyrosinase and laccase inhibitors with a phenylpropanoid and hydroxylated biphenyl core was prepared using naturally occurring compounds and their activity was measured by spectrophotometric and electrochemical assays.

Mapping genomic regions affecting milk traits in Sarda sheep by using the OvineSNP50 Beadchip and principal components to perform combined linkage and linkage disequilibrium analysis.

Background: The detection of regions that affect quantitative traits (QTL), to implement selection assisted by molecular information, remains of particular interest in dairy sheep for which genetic gain is constrained by the high costs of large-scale phenotype and pedigree recording. QTL detection based on the combination of linkage disequilibrium and linkage analysis (LDLA) is the most suitable approach in family-structured populations. The main issue in performing LDLA mapping is the handling of the identity-by-descent (IBD) probability matrix.

Conformational analysis and in vitro immunomodulatory and insulinotropic properties of the frog skin host-defense peptide rhinophrynin-27 and selected analogs.

The study investigates conformational analysis and the in vitro cytokine-mediated immunomodulatory and insulin-releasing activities of rhinophrynin-27 (ELRLPEIARPVPEVLPARLPLPALPRN; RP-27), a proline-arginine-rich peptide first isolated from skin secretions of the Mexican burrowing toad Rhinophrynus dorsalis (Rhinophrynidae). In both water and 50% trifluoroethanol-water, the peptide adopts a polyproline type II helical conformation with a high degree of deviation from the canonical collagen-like folding and a pronounced bend in the molecule at the Glu residue. Incubation of mouse peritoneal cells with RP-27 significantly (P < 0.

Honokiol, magnolol and its monoacetyl derivative show strong anti-fungal effect on Fusarium isolates of clinical relevance.

The antifungal activity of magnolol and honokiol, two naturally occurring hydroxylated biphenyls, and of their synthetic derivatives was evaluated on a collection of representative isolates of Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani and F. verticillioides of clinical and ecological concern.

Rituximab in relapsing and de novo MPO ANCA-associated vasculitis with severe renal involvement: a case series.

Background: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis (AAV) is a group of diseases associated in most cases with the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs). Rituximab- based remission induction has been proven effective in ANCA associated vasculitis but scarce data exist in forms with severe renal involvement. In this case series, we report the outcomes in patients with de novo or recurrent MPO-AAV and severe renal involvement treated with rituximab without cyclophosphamide (CYC).

A New Synthetic Spiroketal: Studies on Antitumor Activity on Murine Melanoma Model In Vivo and Mechanism of Action In Vitro.

Background: In a previous study, we synthesised a new spiroketal derivative, inspired to natural products, that has shown high antiproliferative activity, potent telomerase inhibition and proapoptotic activity on several human cell lines.

Objective: This work focused on the study of in vivo antitumor effect of this synthetic spiroketal on a murine melanoma model. In order to shed additional light on the origin of the antitumor effect, in vitro studies were performed.

Synthesis of magnolol and honokiol derivatives and their effect against hepatocarcinoma cells.

The hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumour with high level of mortality rate due to its rapid progression and high resistance to conventional chemotherapies. Thus, the search for novel therapeutic leads is of global interest. Herein, a small set of derivatives of magnolol 1 and honokiol 2, the main components of Magnolia grandiflora and Magnolia obovata, were evaluated in in vitro assay using tumoral hepatocytes.

Anemia and Immunosuppressive Regimen in Renal Transplanted Patients: Single-Center Retrospective Study.

We compared retrospectively the level of hemoglobin and the percentage of patients with anemia among 59 kidney transplant recipients receiving everolimus, cyclosporine, and corticosteroids and 128 treated with cyclosporine, mycophenolic acid, and corticosteroids. We also compared age at the time of transplantation, sex and ferritine, serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, folic acid, cyanocobalamine levels, use od recombinant erythropoietin, mean corpuscolar volume at the last ambulatory control. Statistical analysis included Student t test, χ(2) test, and logistic regression.

The efficacy of Italian guidelines in promoting oral health in children and adolescents.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of the guidelines on oral health published by the Italian Health Ministry.

Study Design: 1239 patients (582 girls and 657 boys) with a mean age of 4.46 (SD 2.

Posttransplant outcome of atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome in a patient with thrombomodulin mutation: a case without recurrence.

Atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare disease characterized by thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia and renal impairment. Mutations in genes encoding inhibitors of the alternative pathway of the complement system are involved in ∼50% of the cases. Thrombomodulin (THBD) gene mutations occur in ∼3-5% of the cases.