Two-dimensional sequential selective comprehensive chiral×reversed-phase liquid chromatography of synthetic phosphorothioate oligonucleotide diastereomers.

In recent years, many nucleic acid-based pharmaceuticals have been approved and entered the market, and even a larger number are in late stage clinical trials. Conventional oligonucleotides are facing issues in vivo like fast renal clearance and nuclease degradation. Therefore, to increase their stability, phosphorothioation is a frequent modification of therapeutic oligonucleotides (ONs) which also leads to improved binding affinity facilitating cell internalization and intracellular distribution.

'Let communities do their work': the role of mutual aid and self-help groups in the Covid-19 pandemic response.

How to respond quickly, effectively, and sensitively to large-scale crises is debated at length in the aid sector. Institutional focuses on projects and outcomes have led to abundant literature on the efficacy of external interventions, while the actions of individuals and communities to meet their own needs remain under researched. This paper seeks to close the gap by joining global trends and specific case studies to explore the scale, breadth, and characteristics of citizen and community-led responses to the Covid-19 pandemic of 2020-21.

QM/MM surface-hopping dynamics of a bridged azobenzene derivative.

Ethylene-bridged azobenzene (diazocine) has been shown to have superior photochemical properties. So far, however, experimental and theoretical quantum yields did not match, not even qualitatively. Here, a large-scale QM/MM surface-hopping study of this molecule is presented.

Simulating a molecular machine in action.

Using QM/MM methods, we have simulated the action of a simple molecular machine, a cilium. It consists of a platform for surface mounting, a photochemical motor unit, and a tail-like effector that amplifies the small-scale conformational change of the motor unit into a larger-scale beating motion usable for molecular transport. In this proof-of-principle application, we show that the techniques used here make it possible to perform such simulations within reasonable real time, if the device action is sufficiently fast.

Design of optimally switchable molecules by genetic algorithms.

We demonstrate the possibility to design molecules for specific tasks, using a fully automatic global optimization setup employing genetic algorithms. As an example, we tune the two excitation wavelengths of a molecular switch backbone to arbitrarily pre-set values, by an automatic optimization of the substituent pattern.

Humanitarian crises: what determines the level of emergency assistance? Media coverage, donor interests and the aid business.

This paper proposes a basic hypothesis that the volume of emergency assistance any humanitarian crisis attracts is determined by three main factors working either in conjunction or individually. First, it depends on the intensity of media coverage. Second, it depends on the degree of political interest, particularly related to security, that donor governments have in a particular region.

[Ballism in systemic lupus erythematosus].

A case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with ballism is presented. The movement disorders, as a group, account for approximately 2% of the neurological and psychiatric symptoms of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in SLE, and more than any of the other neuro-psychiatric manifestations they tend to precede the diagnosis of SLE. Ballism and other rare movement disorders are not included in the 1982 revised American Rheumatism Association criteria for SLE.

[Compression stockings contra ace-bandages in the treatment of acute ankle distorsions. A prospective randomized study].

Sprained ankles are most often treated with ace-bandages. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of compressing antiembolism stocking (T.E.

An international study on the occurrence of multiresistant bacteria and aminoglycoside consumption patterns.

The correlation between aminoglycoside consumption patterns and the occurrence of aminoglycoside-resistant bacteria from 12 different countries was analyzed. Regional and national data were collected retrospectively and compared. There was evidence of a wide variation of the national aminoglycoside consumption patterns in the different countries.