Characteristics and pathogenicity of SWS causing high mortality in mud crab () aquaculture in Hong Kong.

Introduction: is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium belonging to the family of , a common pathogen in aquaculture animals, However, studies on its impact on (mud crabs) are limited. In this study, we isolated SWS from dead mud crab during a disease outbreak in a Hong Kong aquaculture farm, which caused up to 70% mortality during summer.

Methods: Experimental infection and histopathology were used to investigate the pathogenicity of SWS in and validate Koch's postulates.

Medulla Tetrapanacis water extract alleviates inflammation and infection by regulating macrophage polarization through MAPK signaling pathway.

Medulla Tetrapanacis (MT) is a commonly used herb to promote lactation and manage mastitis in lactating mothers. However, its anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects are currently unknown. We hypothesized that MT water extract possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects by modulating macrophage polarization to reduce the release of inflammatory mediators and phagocytosis via inactivation of MAPKs pathways.

The role of p53 in the alternation of vascular functions.

Ageing is a risk factor for many degenerative diseases. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are usually big burdens for elderly, caregivers and the health system. During the aging process, normal functions of vascular cells and tissue progressively lost and eventually develop vascular diseases.