Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the UK: Recommendations of the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society.

Percutaneous techniques to treat obstructive coronary artery disease continue to evolve and the evidence base informing our practice is shared and summarised in international guidelines. In the UK, the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society represents and supports interventional cardiologists undertaking both coronary and structural interventions. Procedural data are collected in a national registry and these inform our understanding of UK practice and outcomes.

Evaluating the Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) in Reducing Folate Levels in Reproductive Aged Women by MTHFR and DHFR Genotype in Combination With Letrozole or Clomiphene.

Previous epidemiological studies have suggested that green tea catechins, including Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant polyphenol in green tea, may be associated with reduced serum folate levels. This is of particular interest as women of childbearing age may be consuming EGCG from tea, dietary supplements, or involved in active clinical trials studying EGCG or green tea extract. EGCG was reported to shrink uterine fibroids in preclinical and clinical studies.

A Communication Toolkit to Assist Families Access Dental Care Services in Scotland: A Qualitative Evaluation.

Childsmile is Scotland's national child oral health improvement programme designed to reduce inequalities in oral health and ensure universal access to NHS dental services by working closely with children and their families. Research has shown that parents with more dental concerns are less likely to bring their children for regular preventive dental check-ups.Therefore, a communication toolkit named 'Chatterbox' was created to help families access dental care services.

Investigation of Information Overload in Electronic Health Records: Protocol for Usability Study.

Background: Electronic health records (EHRs) have been associated with information overload, causing providers to miss critical information, make errors, and delay care. Information overload can be especially prevalent in medical intensive care units (ICUs) where patients are often critically ill and their charts contain large amounts of data points such as vitals, test and laboratory results, medications, and notes.

Objective: We propose to study the relationship between information overload and EHR use among medical ICU providers in 4 major United States medical centers.

Predictors of Medical Mistrust Among Surrogate Decision-Makers of Patients in the ICU at High Risk of Death: A Pilot Study.

Background: Medical mistrust may worsen communication between ICU surrogate decision-makers and intensivists. The prevalence of and risk factors for medical mistrust among surrogate decision-makers are not known.

Research Question: What are the potential sociodemographic risk factors for high medical mistrust among surrogate decision-makers of critically ill patients at high risk of death?

Study Design And Methods: In this pilot cross-sectional study conducted at a single academic medical center between August 2022 and August 2023, adult patients admitted to the medical ICU and their surrogate decision-makers were enrolled.

Community-Engaged Approaches for Improving the Inclusion of Diverse Communities in a Nutrition Clinical Trial.

Background: Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) disproportionately affects African American/Black (AA) and Latino communities. CMD disparities are exacerbated by their underrepresentation in clinical trials for CMD treatments including nutritional interventions. The study aimed to (1) form a precision nutrition community consultant panel (PNCCP) representative of Latino and AA communities in Los Angeles to identify barriers and facilitators to recruitment and retention of diverse communities into nutrition clinical trials and (2) develop culturally informed strategies to improve trial diversity.

Commercial bacteriophage preparations for the control of Listeria monocytogenes and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in raw and pasteurized milk.

Listeria monocytogenes was the etiologic agent in nearly all recent outbreaks in North America attributed to pasteurized dairy products, whereas Escherichia coli O157 infections were responsible for most of the rare, yet serious complications from outbreaks involving unpasteurized dairy. This study determined the susceptibility of selected strains of L. monocytogenes and Shiga toxin-producing E.

The Association of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors with Delirium in Post-Operative Adults: A Secondary Analysis of a Post-Operative Dataset with Daily Severity of Illness Adjustment.

Background: Postoperative delirium is a prevalent condition associated with increased mortality, difficulties with physical recovery from surgery and decreased long-term cognitive function, especially in older adults. Currently, there are no direct medical treatments for delirium. We recently found an association between SSRI administration and reduced delirium in a critically ill medical population.

Shared Decision-Making Communication and Prognostic Misunderstanding in the ICU.

Importance: Surrogate misunderstanding of patient survival prognosis in the intensive care unit (ICU) is associated with poor patient and surrogate outcomes. Shared decision-making (SDM) may reduce misunderstanding.

Objective: To evaluate the association between SDM-aligned communication and prognostic misunderstanding.

Transfusional hemosiderosis in childhood cancer patients and survivors.

Background: Children treated for cancer are at risk for adverse effects of iron due to transfusions administered during prolonged marrow suppression, which may increase exposure to toxic forms of iron, extrahepatic iron accumulation, and long-term organ damage.

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the severity and organ distribution of clinically significant, multisystem iron overload (IO) in an at-risk cohort of pediatric cancer patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study of childhood cancer patients who underwent a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to clinical concern for IO.

Significant pituitary siderosis is common in transfusion-dependent sickle cell disease.

Chronically transfused patients with sickle cell disease typically do not exhibit iron-mediated extrahepatic toxicity. However, we demonstrate that the pituitary gland is vulnerable to iron deposition, and it occurs regardless of other extrahepatic involvement. Severe pituitary siderosis is associated with early organ dysfunction.

Community and Healthcare Perspectives on Implementing Hypertension Interventions for a Multiethnic Safety-Net Population.

Objective: To synthesize community and healthcare informants' perspectives on contextual considerations and tailoring recommendations for high-quality, sustainable implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) for managing hypertension (HTN) in a multiethnic safety-net population.

Design: Structured focus-group discussions and semistructured qualitative interviews.

Background: High-quality, sustainable implementation of HTN-related EBPs can promote equitable care.

Community Engagement in Implementation Science: the Impact of Community Engagement Activities in the DECIPHeR Alliance.

Background: The translation of evidence-based interventions into practice settings remains challenging. Implementation science aims to bridge the evidence-to-practice gap by understanding multilevel contexts and tailoring evidence-based interventions accordingly. Engaging community partners who possess timely, local knowledge is crucial for this process to be successful.

Long-term outcomes after treatment of delirium during critical illness with antipsychotics (MIND-USA): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: Delirium is common during critical illness and is associated with long-term cognitive impairment and disability. Antipsychotics are frequently used to treat delirium, but their effects on long-term outcomes are unknown. We aimed to investigate the effects of antipsychotic treatment of delirious, critically ill patients on long-term cognitive, functional, psychological, and quality-of-life outcomes.

Genomic Analysis and Surveillance of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Using Wastewater-Based Epidemiology.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe infections in infants, immunocompromised or elderly individuals resulting in annual epidemics of respiratory disease. Currently, limited clinical surveillance and the lack of predictable seasonal dynamics limit the public health response. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has recently been used globally as a key metric in determining prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in the community, but its application to other respiratory viruses is limited.

Understanding the implementation and sustainability needs of evidence-based programs for racial and ethnic minoritized older adults in under-resourced communities with limited aging services.

Background: Evidence-based programs (EBPs) for older adults effectively improve health outcomes. However, there is a limited understanding of the unique needs of service providers as they consider adopting, implementing, and maintaining programs for older minority adults in low-income communities with limited aging services.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with key informants of community-based organizations (CBOs) to understand implementation and sustainability needs of CBOs within four racial and ethnically diverse Los Angeles County geographic areas.

ARID1A orchestrates SWI/SNF-mediated sequential binding of transcription factors with ARID1A loss driving pre-memory B cell fate and lymphomagenesis.

ARID1A, a subunit of the canonical BAF nucleosome remodeling complex, is commonly mutated in lymphomas. We show that ARID1A orchestrates B cell fate during the germinal center (GC) response, facilitating cooperative and sequential binding of PU.1 and NF-kB at crucial genes for cytokine and CD40 signaling.

A collaboration team to build social service partnerships within a safety-net health system.

Background: To facilitate safety-net healthcare system partnerships with community social service providers, the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services (LAC DHS) created a new collaboration team to spur cross-agency social and medical referral networks and engage communities affected by health disparities as part of a Sect. 1115 Medicaid waiver in Los Angeles County entitled Whole Person Care-Los Angeles (WPC-LA).

Methods: This observational research reviews three years of collaboration team implementation (2018-2020) through Medicaid-reportable engagement reports, a collaboration team qualitative survey on challenges, facilitators, and recommendations for community engagement.