Synthetic cannabinoid intoxication: a case series and review.

Background: Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists are becoming increasingly popular with adolescents as an abused substance. Chronic use of these drugs can lead to addiction syndrome and withdrawal symptoms similar to cannabis abuse. Due to their potential health risk, several countries have banned these substances.

High-dose insulin: a consecutive case series in toxin-induced cardiogenic shock.

Context: Cardiovascular medication overdoses can be difficult to treat. Various treatment modalities are currently recommended.

Objective: To describe patient outcomes and adverse events of high-dose insulin therapy in consecutive overdose patients in cardiogenic shock after implementation of a high-dose insulin protocol (1-10 U/kg/h, while avoiding or tapering off vasopressors).

Reversal of quetiapine-induced altered mental status with physostigmine: a case series.

Quetiapine overdose is a clinical entity commonly encountered in emergency departments. Quetiapine is a drug with many mechanisms, including antimuscarinic effects. Traditionally, treatment of quetiapine toxicity has been primarily supportive care.

Intentional overdose with cardiac arrest treated with intravenous fat emulsion and high-dose insulin.

Introduction: Nebivolol, a beta blocker with 3-10 times more beta1 cardioselectivity than metoprolol, has caused hypotension and bradycardia in overdose. We report a nebivolol-induced cardiac arrest in the setting of a polydrug ingestion, successfully resuscitated with intravenous fat emulsion (IFE) and high-dose insulin (HDI).

Case Report: A 48-year-old man was brought to the emergency department after ingesting nebivolol and ethanol, along with possibly diazepam and cocaine.

What is the pertinent finding and an explanation for the cause?

We report the uncommon occurrence of CT-confirmed portal venous air embolism due to ingestion of dilute HO. While hyperbaric treatment appeared useful for symptom resolution in this patient, its efficacy to treat portal venous gas remains unproven.

Insulin versus vasopressin and epinephrine to treat beta-blocker toxicity.

Objective: We compared insulin and glucose (IN/G) to vasopressin plus epinephrine (V/E) in a pig model of beta-blocker toxicity. Primary outcome was survival over four hours.

Methods: Ten pigs received a 0.

Deadly ingestions.

More than 50% of the toxic-exposure calls to US poison centers involve children. Although most of these exposures are nontoxic, there are several products and medications that are widely available to the pediatric population that can lead to severe toxicity or even death. With some of these medications, death or severe symptoms can occur with the ingestion of only a small amount.

A comparison of vasopressin and glucagon in beta-blocker induced toxicity.

Objective: We compared the efficacy of vasopressin and glucagon in a porcine model of beta-blocker toxicity. Our primary outcome was survival over 4 hours.

Methods: Sixteen pigs received a 1-mg/ kg bolus of propranolol IV followed by continuous infusion at 0.

Cardiotoxicity and late onset seizures with citalopram overdose.

A 31-year-old man ingested 400 mg of citalopram (Celexa) after an argument with his parents and girlfriend 13 h before presentation. Paramedics witnessed the patient having a generalized clonic seizure. The electrocardiogram (EKG) revealed a wide QRS complex, prolongation of the QTc interval, and left bundle branch pattern.

Methanol ingestion: prevention of toxic sequelae after massive ingestion.

Methanol ingestion, a rare but potentially fatal poisoning, is often difficult to diagnose in the emergency department (ED) and historically has been difficult to treat. In this article, we report a methanol ingestion with a blood concentration of 692 mg/dL, which was treated with 4-methylpyrazole (Fomepizole) and dialysis, without sequelae. To our knowledge, such a massive ingestion has never been treated with this modality without development of long-term disability.

Repeated ingestion of 2-butoxyethanol: case report and literature review.

Background: Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol) is not commonly associated with significant human poisoning. Exposures are usually through occupational contact and typically involve inhalation injury. Animal studies report severe hemolysis occurring in rats and mice.

Physostigmine, sodium bicarbonate, or hypertonic saline to treat diphenhydramine toxicity.

Diphenhydramine (DPH) is a commonly reported overdose that shares similar toxicities with other agents. such as tricyclic antidepressants, that interact with the fast sodium channels. Although physostigmine is considered an acceptable antidote for severe DPH toxicity, adverse effects such as seizures and cholinergic crisis may occur.