Publications by authors named "Carson G"
Background: Fast adaptation of glycolytic and mitochondrial energy pathways to changes in the tumour microenvironment is a hallmark of cancer. Purely glycolytic ρ tumour cells do not form primary tumours unless they acquire healthy mitochondria from their micro-environment. Here we explored the effects of severely compromised respiration on the metastatic capability of 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The study aimed to explore long-term health outcomes in children and young people post-COVID-19, particularly focusing on post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) and incomplete recovery, comparing these outcomes with those from other non-SARS-CoV-2 infections.
- - Conducted in Moscow, researchers followed two cohorts of pediatric patients with confirmed COVID-19 from two different time periods (Wuhan and Omicron variants) and compared them to a reference group of those with other infections but negative for SARS-CoV-2.
- - Findings revealed that the incidence of PCC was significantly higher in the Wuhan variant group compared to the reference group, while the Omicron variant showed no significant difference in PCC outcomes when compared to the
Objective: To provide health care providers the best evidence on opioid use and women's health. Areas of focus include pregnancy and postpartum care.
Target Population: The target population includes all women currently using or contemplating using opioids.
Objectif: Présenter aux professionnels de la santé les données probantes concernant l'utilisation des opioïdes et la santé des femmes. Les domaines d'intérêt sont la grossesse et les soins post-partum.
Population Cible: Toutes les femmes qui utilisent des opioïdes.
Article Synopsis
- The study analyzed data from over 689,000 hospitalized COVID-19 patients across 52 countries from January 2020 to January 2022, examining demographic characteristics, symptoms, co-morbidities, and treatment outcomes.
- Key findings indicate that older age and male sex significantly increased the risk of death, with the hazard ratio for age being 1.49 per 10 years, while the case-fatality ratio averaged 21.5% and varied by country.
- The research highlights that age is the primary risk factor for mortality, with significant associations found for co-morbidities, smoking, and obesity, providing valuable insights for clinical strategies to address COVID-19.
Article Synopsis
- Medical students need solid knowledge in reproductive health and family planning due to high rates of unintended pregnancies and infertility.
- The study examined curricula from 20 US medical schools to assess the coverage of reproductive health topics taught to students between 2016-2019.
- Results showed that half of the content focused on family planning, with limited discussion on alternative methods and a need for broader education in this area.
Background: Whilst timely clinical characterisation of infections caused by novel SARS-CoV-2 variants is necessary for evidence-based policy response, individual-level data on infecting variants are typically only available for a minority of patients and settings.
Methods: Here, we propose an innovative approach to study changes in COVID-19 hospital presentation and outcomes after the Omicron variant emergence using publicly available population-level data on variant relative frequency to infer SARS-CoV-2 variants likely responsible for clinical cases. We apply this method to data collected by a large international clinical consortium before and after the emergence of the Omicron variant in different countries.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigated the prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) in adults and children who were hospitalized after contracting COVID-19, using a defined WHO standard and conducting follow-ups at 6 and 12 months post-discharge.
- - Findings showed a PCC prevalence of 50% in adults and 20% in children at 6 months, decreasing to 34% and 11%, respectively, at 12 months; factors such as female sex and hypertension in adults, and neurological comorbidities in children were linked to higher PCC risk.
- - The results highlight the importance of monitoring for ongoing health issues following COVID-19, particularly in higher-risk groups, as a significant number of individuals experienced
Survey of Mode of Delivery and Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Canada.
J Obstet Gynaecol Can
September 2022
Objective: To identify determinants of cesarean delivery (CD) and examine associations between mode of delivery (MOD) and maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of a Canadian multicentre birth cohort derived from provincial data collected in 2008/2009. Maternal and perinatal characteristics and outcomes were compared between vaginal and cesarean birth and between the following MOD subgroups: spontaneous vaginal delivery (VD), assisted VD, planned cesarean delivery (CD), and intrapartum CD.
Background: The important contribution of glia to mechanisms of injury and repair of the nervous system is increasingly recognized. In stark contrast to the central nervous system (CNS), the peripheral nervous system (PNS) has a remarkable capacity for regeneration after injury. Schwann cells are recognized as key contributors to PNS regeneration, but the molecular underpinnings of the Schwann cell response to injury and how they interact with the inflammatory response remain incompletely understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: There are limited high-quality, population-level data about the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnancy using contemporaneous comparator cohorts.
Objectives: To describe maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy and to assess variables associated with severe disease in the pregnant population.
Design, Setting, And Participants: CANCOVID-Preg is an observational surveillance program for SARS-CoV-2-affected pregnancies in Canada.
Objective: To describe the essential components of well-resourced and high-functioning multidisciplinary networks that support high-quality anesthesia, surgery, and maternity care for rural Canadians, delivered as close to home as possible.
Composition Of The Committee: A volunteer Writers' Group was drawn from the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, the Society of Rural Physicians of Canada, the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, the Canadian Association of General Surgeons, the College of Family Physicians of Canada, and the Association of Canadian University Departments of Anesthesia.
Methods: A collaborative effort over the past several years among the professional stakeholders has culminated in this consensus statement on networked care designed to integrate and support a specialist and non-specialist, urban and rural, anesthesia, surgery, and maternity work force into high-functioning networks based on the best available evidence.
The ability of cancer cells to adjust their metabolism in response to environmental changes is a well-recognized hallmark of cancer. Diverse cancer and non-cancer cells within tumors compete for metabolic resources. Metabolic demands change frequently during tumor initiation, progression and metastasis, challenging our quest to better understand tumor biology and develop novel therapeutics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There is potentially considerable variation in the nature and duration of the care provided to hospitalised patients during an infectious disease epidemic or pandemic. Improvements in care and clinician confidence may shorten the time spent as an inpatient, or the need for admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) or high dependency unit (HDU). On the other hand, limited resources at times of high demand may lead to rationing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To prospectively validate two risk scores to predict mortality (4C Mortality) and in-hospital deterioration (4C Deterioration) among adults hospitalised with COVID-19.
Methods: Prospective observational cohort study of adults (age ≥18 years) with confirmed or highly suspected COVID-19 recruited into the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK (CCP-UK) study in 306 hospitals across England, Scotland and Wales. Patients were recruited between 27 August 2020 and 17 February 2021, with at least 4 weeks follow-up before final data extraction.
Although the majority of people with Covid-19 will experience mild to moderate symptoms and will recover fully, there is now increasing evidence that a significant proportion will experience persistent symptoms for months after the acute phase of the illness. These symptoms include, among others, fatigue, problems breathing, lack of smell and taste, headaches, and depression and anxiety. It is also clear the virus has lasting fluctuating multiorgan sequelae, including affecting not only the respiratory system but also the heart, liver, and nervous system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: While it is now apparent clinical sequelae (long COVID) may persist after acute COVID-19, their nature, frequency and aetiology are poorly characterised. This study aims to regularly synthesise evidence on long COVID characteristics, to help inform clinical management, rehabilitation strategies and interventional studies to improve long-term outcomes.
Methods: A living systematic review.
Background: This study sought to establish the long-term effects of Covid-19 following hospitalisation.
Methods: 327 hospitalised participants, with SARS-CoV-2 infection were recruited into a prospective multicentre cohort study at least 3 months post-discharge. The primary outcome was self-reported recovery at least ninety days after initial Covid-19 symptom onset.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated long-term symptoms in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, finding that 47.1% reported ongoing issues like fatigue, shortness of breath, and forgetfulness after discharge.
- Data was gathered from 2,649 patients in Moscow, focusing on their experiences 218 days post-discharge, showing that while many cases were mild, some required significant medical interventions.
- Female patients had a higher likelihood of persistent symptoms, particularly skin issues, while asthma was linked to neurological and mood-related changes.
Background: COVID-19 is a multisystem disease and patients who survive might have in-hospital complications. These complications are likely to have important short-term and long-term consequences for patients, health-care utilisation, health-care system preparedness, and society amidst the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Our aim was to characterise the extent and effect of COVID-19 complications, particularly in those who survive, using the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections Consortium WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from aerosols generated by medical procedures is a cause for concern.
Aim: To evaluate the evidence for aerosol production and transmission of respiratory infection associated with procedures that involve airway suctioning or induce coughing/sneezing.
Methods: The review was informed by PRISMA guidelines.
Background: The long-term sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children remain poorly characterised. This study aimed to assess long-term outcomes in children previously hospitalised with COVID-19 and associated risk factors.
Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of children (≤18 years old) admitted to hospital with confirmed COVID-19.