Incidence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Among US Persons Infected With SARS-CoV-2.

Importance: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is associated with recent or current SARS-CoV-2 infection. Information on MIS-C incidence is limited.

Objective: To estimate population-based MIS-C incidence per 1 000 000 person-months and to estimate MIS-C incidence per 1 000 000 SARS-CoV-2 infections in persons younger than 21 years.

Exenatide once weekly over 2 years as a potential disease-modifying treatment for Parkinson's disease: protocol for a multicentre, randomised, double blind, parallel group, placebo controlled, phase 3 trial: The 'Exenatide-PD3' study.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with substantial morbidity. No disease-modifying treatments currently exist. The glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonist exenatide has been associated in single-centre studies with reduced motor deterioration over 1 year.

Risk Factors for Pediatric Asthma Readmissions: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To systematically review the literature on pediatric asthma readmission risk factors.

Study Design: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for published articles (through November 2019) on pediatric asthma readmission risk factors. Two authors independently screened titles and abstracts and consensus was reached on disagreements.

Cost Offsets of Treatment for Serious Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorder.

Objective: The authors examined whether timely treatment for serious mental illness and substance use disorder reduces overall health care costs in a 3-year period.

Methods: Claims data from the IBM MarketScan Research Databases (2010-2017) were analyzed. The population studied included 2,997 Medicaid enrollees and 35,805 commercial insurance enrollees ages 18-64 years with an index event for a serious mental illness and 2,315 Medicaid enrollees and 28,419 commercial insurance enrollees with an index event for a substance use disorder.

Correlation between Alcohol Use Disorders, Blood Alcohol Content, and Length of Stay in Trauma Patients.

Background: Patients with an alcohol use disorder (AUD) have an increased risk of developing complications during their hospital stays; however, how AUD impacts the length of stay (LOS) and the utilization of hospital resources remains inconclusive.

Aim: This study aimed to identify the associations between AUD, defined by self-reported alcohol consumption, blood alcohol content (BAC), and hospital LOS (HLOS) including intensive care unit (ICU) LOS in the trauma patient population.

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective study analyzing data obtained from 2010 to 2018 at a university-based, level-one trauma emergency department.

Estimation of the serial interval and proportion of pre-symptomatic transmission events of COVID- 19 in Ireland using contact tracing data.

Background: The serial interval is the period of time between the onset of symptoms in an infector and an infectee and is an important parameter which can impact on the estimation of the reproduction number. Whilst several parameters influencing infection transmission are expected to be consistent across populations, the serial interval can vary across and within populations over time. Therefore, local estimates are preferable for use in epidemiological models developed at a regional level.

Reported Concerns and Acceptance of Information or Referrals Among Breast Cancer Survivors Seen for Care Planning Visits: Results from the University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Survivorship Program.

Breast cancer survivors' experience physical and psychosocial concerns following active curative-intent treatment. Survivors' complex needs are often reviewed at survivorship care planning visits (SCP visits). However, little is known about the post-treatment concerns and resource needs addressed within the context of SCP visits.

The Zentensivist Manifesto. Defining the Art of Critical Care.

Evidence-based medicine asks us to integrate the best available evidence with clinical experience and patient values. In the modern intensive care unit, the primary focus is on complex technology and electronic health records, often away from the bedside. Excess interventionism is the norm.

Psoriasis Characteristics for the Early Detection of Psoriatic Arthritis.

Objective: Delays in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are common. These delays contribute to impairments in quality of life and joint damage. This study aims to calculate the incidence rate of PsA over time and identify clinical features that may be used for PsA prediction in patients with psoriasis (PsO).

Maximizing the effectiveness of national commitments to protected area expansion for conserving biodiversity and ecosystem carbon under climate change.

Global commitments to protected area expansion should prioritize opportunities to protect climate refugia and ecosystems which store high levels of irrecoverable carbon, as key components of an effective response to biodiversity loss and climate change. The United States and Canada are responsible for one-sixth of global greenhouse gas emissions but hold extensive natural ecosystems that store globally significant above- and below-ground carbon. Canada has initiated a process of protected area network expansion in concert with efforts at reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples, and acknowledged nature-based solutions as a key aspect of climate change mitigation.

Information Quality Frameworks for Digital Health Technologies: Systematic Review.

Background: Digital health technologies (DHTs) generate a large volume of information used in health care for administrative, educational, research, and clinical purposes. The clinical use of digital information for diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic purposes has multiple patient safety problems, some of which result from poor information quality (IQ).

Objective: This systematic review aims to synthesize an IQ framework that could be used to evaluate the extent to which digital health information is fit for clinical purposes.

A Cluster Randomized Trial to Reduce Missed Abusive Head Trauma in Pediatric Intensive Care Settings.

Objective: To estimate the impact of the PediBIRN (Pediatric Brain Injury Research Network) 4-variable clinical decision rule (CDR) on abuse evaluations and missed abusive head trauma in pediatric intensive care settings.

Study Design: This was a cluster randomized trial. Participants included 8 pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in US academic medical centers; PICU and child abuse physicians; and consecutive patients with acute head injures <3 years (n = 183 and n = 237, intervention vs control).

Changes in Pediatric ICU Utilization and Clinical Trends During the Coronavirus Pandemic.

Background: Children have been less affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, but its repercussions on pediatric illnesses may have been significant. This study examines the indirect impact of the pandemic on a population of critically ill children in the United States.

Research Question: Were there significantly fewer critically ill children admitted to PICUs during the second quarter of 2020, and were there significant changes in the types of diseases admitted?

Study Design And Methods: This retrospective observational cohort study used the Virtual Pediatric Systems database.

Introduction of an ENT emergency-safe boot camp into postgraduate surgical training in the Republic of Ireland.

Background: Otolaryngology (ENT) is a craft surgical specialty, which presents significant challenges for the novice surgical trainee (NST), when managing patients with potentially life-threatening conditions. We assess current evidence behind intensive, simulation-rich training programmes or "boot camps". We outline an ENT emergency-safe boot camp for NSTs and the impact this can have on trainees' competence when dealing with ENT emergencies.

Epidemiological and clinical burden of EGFR Exon 20 insertion in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic literature review.

Objectives: The burden of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutation (Exon 20ins) in non-small cell lung cancer is not well understood. A systematic review was conducted to identify evidence on mutation frequency, prognostic impact, clinical, patient-reported, and economic outcomes associated with Exon 20ins.

Materials And Methods: Searches were conducted in Embase and Medline and supplemented with recent conference proceedings.

U.S. Neurosurgical Response to COVID-19: Forging a Path Toward Disaster Preparedness.

Introduction: The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic poses challenges to healthcare capacity and infrastructure. The authors discuss the structure and efficacy of the U.S.

Neurologic Involvement in Children and Adolescents Hospitalized in the United States for COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome.

Importance: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects the nervous system in adult patients. The spectrum of neurologic involvement in children and adolescents is unclear.

Objective: To understand the range and severity of neurologic involvement among children and adolescents associated with COVID-19.

A practical method to quantify knowledge-based DVH prediction accuracy and uncertainty with reference cohorts.

The adoption of knowledge-based dose-volume histogram (DVH) prediction models for assessing organ-at-risk (OAR) sparing in radiotherapy necessitates quantification of prediction accuracy and uncertainty. Moreover, DVH prediction error bands should be readily interpretable as confidence intervals in which to find a percentage of clinically acceptable DVHs. In the event such DVH error bands are not available, we present an independent error quantification methodology using a local reference cohort of high-quality treatment plans, and apply it to two DVH prediction models, ORBIT-RT and RapidPlan, trained on the same set of 90 volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans.

Nectar-dwelling microbes of common tansy are attractive to its mosquito pollinator, Culex pipiens L.

Background: There is widespread interkingdom signalling between insects and microbes. For example, microbes found in floral nectar may modify its nutritional composition and produce odorants that alter the floral odor bouquet which may attract insect pollinators. Mosquitoes consume nectar and can pollinate flowers.