MCL1 and BCL-xL levels in solid tumors are predictive of dinaciclib-induced apoptosis.

Dinaciclib is a potent CDK1, 2, 5 and 9 inhibitor being developed for the treatment of cancer. Additional understanding of antitumor mechanisms and identification of predictive biomarkers are important for its clinical development. Here we demonstrate that while dinaciclib can effectively block cell cycle progression, in vitro and in vivo studies, coupled with mouse and human pharmacokinetics, support a model whereby induction of apoptosis is a main mechanism of dinaciclib's antitumor effect and relevant to the clinical duration of exposure.

Adenosine A(2A) Receptor Antagonists Do Not Disrupt Rodent Prepulse Inhibition: An Improved Side Effect Profile in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Current treatments for PD focus on dopaminergic therapies, including L-dopa and dopamine receptor agonists. However, these treatments induce neuropsychiatric side effects.

Endoscopic imaging and size estimation of colorectal adenomas in the multiple intestinal neoplasia mouse.

Background: The scientific potential of animal models of carcinogenesis has not been fully realized because of our limited ability to monitor tumor growth in vivo.

Objective: To develop an endoscopy-based protocol for the accurate estimation of adenoma size in vivo from images obtained during colonoscopy.

Design: To compare estimates of lesion size acquired during endoscopy with those obtained from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and at necropsy.