Labor clauses in trade agreements: Hidden protectionism?

Unlabelled: We explore the impact of the introduction and design of labor clauses (LCs) in preferential trade agreements (PTAs) on bilateral trade flows over the period 1990-2014. While it is not a priori clear if the inclusion of LCs in PTAs will decrease or increase bilateral trade, we expect the direction of trade to matter, that is, we expect to observe the (negative or positive) impact of LCs in the South-North trade configuration. We also expect, in that configuration, stronger LCs to yield stronger (negative or positive) effects on bilateral trade flows.

Community setting survey evaluating AQUACEL dressings.

Objective: This study aimed to collect and analyse real-life data to characterise the initial use of Hydrofiber Technology dressings for the management of exuding wounds in France.

Method: An online survey of nurses provided data from patients managed with two dressings-AQUACEL Extra or AQUACEL Ribbon-as the primary dressing. At baseline, sociodemographic data, relevant medical histories and wound characteristics were recorded.

Metronomic Chemotherapy Modulates Clonal Interactions to Prevent Drug Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Despite recent advances in deciphering cancer drug resistance mechanisms, relapse is a widely observed phenomenon in advanced cancers, mainly due to intratumor clonal heterogeneity. How tumor clones progress and impact each other remains elusive. In this study, we developed 2D and 3D non-small cell lung cancer co-culture systems and defined a phenomenological mathematical model to better understand clone dynamics.

Performance of the automated multiplex PCR Unyvero implant and tissue infections system in the management of diabetic foot osteomyelitis.

Aim: We evaluated the performance of Unyvero implant and tissue infections system (ITI) application (Curetis) to diagnose Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis (DFOM).

Patients & Methods: The study was conducted in the Diabetic Foot reference center of Nîmes University Hospital (France) from 1 December 2016 to 31 May 2017. We compared the Unyvero ITI PCR to conventional culture and alternative molecular approaches.

Optimization of an in vitro chemotherapy to avoid resistant tumours.

Chemotherapy use against solid tumours often results in the resistance of the cancer cells to the molecule used. In this paper, we will set up and analyse an ODE model for heterogeneous in vitro tumours, consisting of cells that are sensitive or resistant to a certain drug. We will then use this model to develop different protocols, that aim at reducing the tumour volume while preserving its heterogeneity.

Metformin decreases the incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: an experimental study.

Background: In assisted reproduction cycles, gonadotropins are administered to obtain a greater number of oocytes. A majority of patients do not have an adverse response; however, approximately 3-6% develop ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Metformin reduces the risk of OHSS but little is known about the possible effects and mechanisms of action involved.

[Toxocariasis mimicking liver tumor].

Introduction: Toxocariasis is a common helminth infection that causes visceral larva migrans in humans. It has a wide and varied clinical spectrum.

Case: A 60-year-old woman consulted after 6 months of recurrent biliary pain with fever.

[Ulcerating haemorrhagic colitis induced by celecoxib].

Introduction: Selectivity of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (Cox2 inhibitors) decreased gastroduodenal toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Effects on colic mucosa are little known.

Observation: A case history is described of a 38-year-old women, without digestive past, who presented with hemorrhagic ulcerated acute colitis beginning 2 days after starting celecoxib (200 mg/d) prescribed for sciatica.

[Recurrent acute idiopathic pancreatitis. Look for a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine].

Introduction: Among the new identified causes of so-called idiopathic acute pancreatitis are chronic inflammatory diseases of the intestine.

Observation: A 21 year-old man was hospitalised for the third episode of unexplained acute pancreatitis. Digestive endoscopies revealed an ulcerated terminal ileitis compatible with Crohn's disease.

[Groove pancreatitis. Diagnostic impact of dynamic radiology].

Introduction: Described by Becker in 1973, groove pancreatitis is a rare segmental chronic pancreatitis affecting the groove between the head of the pancreas, the duodenum and the common bile duct. Mimicking pancreatic head carcinoma, surgical exploration is often required.

Observation: Diagnosis of groove pancreatitis was made on computed tomography and MR imaging (groove fibrosis) in a 58 year-old man presenting with acute pancreatitis complicated by bilary and duodenal stenosis, with totally favourable outcome within 5 months with conservative treatment.

Biliopancreatic fistulas complicating pancreatic pseudocysts: a report of three cases demonstrated by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Three patients were found to have fistulation of the pancreatic and common bile ducts, complicating chronic pancreatitis in one patient and acute pancreatitis in two patients. Closure of the fistula was achieved with biliary and pancreatic stenting in one patient; the other two patients were treated surgically because endoscopic treatment had failed. The clinical and radiological features of this exceptional complication are presented, with a brief review of the topic.

[Marchiafava-Bignani disease of good prognosis. Two cases].

Background: Marchiafava-Bignami disease or corpus callosum necrosis, is an uncommon complication of chronic alcoholism. Prognosis is severe.

Case Reports: Two young adults with chronic alcoholism who developed Marchiafava-Bignami disease initially improved clinically.

Ultrastructural pathology of the sperm flagellum: association between flagellar pathology and fertility prognosis in severely asthenozoospermic men.

An ultrastructural study of spermatozoa in a series of 247 severely asthenozoospermic patients disclosed two kinds of anomalies. The first was dysplasia of the fibrous sheath, a primary defect of spermatozoa with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the fibrous sheath, associated axonemal anomalies, familial incidence and chronic respiratory disease. The patients could be divided into two subgroups: the complete form (all spermatozoa affected) and the incomplete form (alterations in 70-80% spermatozoa).

Altered luteinizing hormone pulsatility in infertile patients with idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia.

In a previous study, we demonstrated that oligoasthenozoospermic (OAZ) patients had two types of testosterone response to human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) administration: group 1 (OAZ-1) had an altered, monophasic (no first peak) response, and group 2 (OAZ-2) had a normal biphasic response. The objective of the present work was to study the luteinizing hormone (LH) pulsatility in OAZ-1 compared with both OAZ-2 and men of proven fertility (PF), in order partly to determine the possible aetiology of the blunted acute testosterone response to HCG in these patients. LH pulsatility was measured in 10 PF, 10 OAZ-1 and 10 OAZ-2 patients, in blood samples taken every 5 min for 6 h in PF, and for 4 h in OAZ patients.