Orthokeratology Lens Decentration with Two Designs of Corneal Refractive Therapy™ Lenses: A One-Year Prospective Study.

: The objective of this study was to examine the trend of treatment zone (TZ) decentration over 12 months of orthokeratology (OK) wear using two Corneal Refractive Therapy (CRT) lens designs: standard (STD) and dual axis (DA). : A prospective, randomized, longitudinal study was conducted at the Optometry Clinic of the Complutense University of Madrid. Subjects were randomly fitted with an STD design or DA design in one of the eyes.

Efficacy of different disinfecting methods for contact lenses against Acanthamoeba castellanii.

Purpose: To analyze the efficacy of different disinfecting methods for contact lenses (CL) against Acanthamoeba castellanii (AC) using quantitative PCR (qPCR) based on RNA detection.

Methods: Three CL materials: rigid gas permeable (RGP), hydrogel (Hy), and silicone hydrogel (SiHy), were contaminated with 1x10 amoebae/ml and incubated for 24 h at 30 °C. After contamination, pre-cleaning steps were performed before using four maintenance solutions based on hydrogen peroxide (HP), sodium hypochlorite (SH), povidone-iodine (PI), and a multipurpose solution (MS).

Corneal higher-order aberrations in different types of irregular cornea.

Objetive: To assess differences in corneal higher-order aberrations (i.e., HOAs) between six different types of irregular corneas (i.

Efficacy and safety of artificial tears containing extract with dinucleotides for dry eye.

Clinical Relevance: This clinical trial was conducted as part of the marketing procedures for a medical device comprising artificial tears containing extract with dinucleotides. These molecules previously demonstrated secretagogue properties by enhancing the production of aqueous, mucinous, and lipidic components of the tears.

Background: After confirming the efficacy of artificial tears containing extract in an animal model, this study proceeded to evaluate their efficacy and safety on dry eye participants.

Enhancing the hypotensive effect of latanoprost by combining synthetic phosphatidylcholine liposomes with hyaluronic acid and osmoprotective agents.

The first line of glaucoma treatment focuses on reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) through the prescription of topical prostaglandin analogues, such as latanoprost (LAT). Topical ophthalmic medicines have low bioavailability due to their rapid elimination from the ocular surface. Nanotechnology offers innovative ways of enhancing the ocular bioavailability of antiglaucoma agents while reducing administration frequency.

Accommodation response and spherical aberration during 1-Year of orthokeratology lens wear and after discontinuation.

Background: To assess accommodation and spherical aberration changes during one year of orthokeratology lens wear and one month after lens cessation.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, longitudinal study was conducted on forty-seven young healthy subjects at the Optometry Clinic of the Complutense University of Madrid (Spain). Non-cycloplegic refraction, high and low uncorrected visual acuity, high and low best corrected visual acuity, accommodative lag, horizontal near phoria, corneal topography, and high-order aberrations were performed at baseline, 1-day, 1-week, 1-, 6- and 12-months of lens wear and after one month of wash out period.

In Vitro Evaluation of Soft Contact Lens Wettability With a Nonmodified Commercial Videokeratoscope.

Purpose: To evaluate a new in vitro technique for measuring soft contact lens wettability using a nonmodified commercial videokeratoscope, the Medmont E300. To this end, the capability of different artificial tears containing hyaluronic acid (HA) to improve soft contact lens wettability in vitro was investigated.

Methods: An experimental in vitro study was conducted to assess the wetting properties of three artificial tears containing different concentrations of HA (0.

Visual Quality Assessment and Comparison of Monofocal and Multifocal Scleral Lens Designs: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: To compare visual quality, contrast sensitivity, stereopsis, subjective vision, and comfort between monofocal and multifocal scleral lens (SL) designs.

Methods: An experimental, cross over and short-term pilot study has been performed. Nineteen presbyopic patients (51.

Dexamethasone phosphate and penetratin co-eluting contact lenses: a strategy to enhance ocular drug permeability.

Contact lenses (CLs) have been suggested as drug delivery platforms capable of increasing the drug residence time on the cornea and therefore its bioavailability. However, when targeting the posterior segment of the eye, the drug released from CLs still encounters the barrier effect of the ocular tissues, which considerably reduces the efficacy of administration. This work aims at the development of CLs able to simultaneously deliver an anti-inflammatory drug (dexamethasone sodium phosphate) and a cell-penetrating peptide (penetratin), the latter acting as a drug carrier across the tissues.

Visual quality assessment and comparison of two multifocal scleral lens designs.

Purpose: To analyze the visual quality of a new multifocal scleral lens with a customized decentred optic zone compared to a conventional design by measuring visual acuity, contrast sensitivity function, stereopsis, subjective vision and comfort after one month of wear.

Methods: Nineteen presbyopic subjects were fitted with two multifocal scleral lens designs: a conventional multifocal and a customized decentred optical zone design. All subjects wore both scleral lens designs for one month with a two-week washout period.

Anterior, Posterior, and Thickness Cornea Differences after Scleral Lens Wear in Post-LASIK Subjects for One Year.

The aim of this study is to analyze the anterior and posterior corneal surface shape and the corneal thickness difference outcomes between before and after scleral lens (ScCL) wear in post-LASIK ectasia subjects for one year. Twenty eyes with post-LASIK ectasia wearing scleral lenses were evaluated in a visit before contact lens and after 1, 6, and 12 months. The study variables analyzed included the apex, nasal, temporal, inferior, and superior corneal thickness; the anterior and posterior surface corneal at corneal diameters of 8, 6, 4, and 2 mm, and high-contrast visual acuity.

Dipyridamole activates adenosine A2B receptor and AMPK/cAMP signaling and promotes myogenic differentiation of myoblastic C2C12 cells.

: Sarcopenia is defined as a loss of muscle mass and strength. ATP homeostasis is crucial during myogenesis. We determined how the purinergic system modulates myogenesis using dipyridamole (blocks adenosine taken up by the cells) and tenofovir (inhibits ATP release) in a myoblast cell line.

New Biomarker Combination Related to Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Glaucoma is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease and the second leading cause of blindness. Detection of clinically relevant biomarkers would aid better diagnoses and monitoring during treatment. In glaucoma, the protein composition of aqueous humor (AH) is relevant for the discovery of biomarkers.

Effects of physical activity/exercise on tear film characteristics and dry eye associated symptoms: A literature review.

Purpose: To conduct a review of the literature in order to identify the potential association between physical activity or exercise and the objective signs and/or subjective symptoms of dry-eye disease.

Methods: A review of PubMed and Web of Science databases was performed, according to the PRISMA guidelines. The papers included in the review addressed the relationship of physical activity or exercise with dry-eye associated signs (changes in tear volume, osmolarity or biochemical composition) and/or subjective symptoms.

Accuracy and precision of automated subjective refraction in young hyperopes under cycloplegia.

Purpose: To assess the agreement between the Eye Refract, an instrument to perform subjective automated refraction, and the traditional subjective refraction, as the gold standard, in young hyperopes under noncycloplegic and cycloplegic conditions.

Methods: A cross-section and randomized study was carried out, involving 42 participants (18.2 ± 7.

Oxidative Stress in the Anterior Ocular Diseases: Diagnostic and Treatment.

The eye is a metabolically active structure, constantly exposed to solar radiations making its structure vulnerable to the high burden of reactive oxygen species (ROS), presenting many molecular interactions. The biomolecular cascade modification is caused especially in diseases of the ocular surface, cornea, conjunctiva, uvea, and lens. In fact, the injury in the anterior segment of the eye takes its origin from the perturbation of the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance and leads to increased oxidative damage, especially when the first line of antioxidant defence weakens with age.

Improvement of Soft Contact Lens Wettability After the Instillation of Hyaluronic Acid Eye Drops.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of the topical instillation of hyaluronic acid eye drops with different viscosity on soft contact lens wettability and comfort.

Methods: A randomized and participant-masked study was performed, involving 20 participants (25.4±2.

Dual-Mode Gold Nanoparticle-Based Method for Early Detection of .

keratitis is an aggressive and rapidly progressing ocular pathology whose main risk factor is the use of contact lenses. An early and differential diagnosis is considered the main factor to prevent the progression and improve the prognosis of the pathology. However, current diagnosis techniques require time, complex and costly materials making an early diagnosis challenging.

Phosphorylcholine-Based Contact Lenses for Sustained Release of Resveratrol: Design, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Performances, and Behavior.

Design of advanced contact lenses (CLs) demands materials that are safe and comfortable for the wearers and that preserve the normal eye microbiota, avoiding chronic inflammation and biofilm development. This work aimed to combine the natural antibiofouling phosphorylcholine and the antioxidant and prebiotic resveratrol as integral components of CLs that may have the additional performance of preventing oxidative-stress related eye diseases. Different from previous uses of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) as coating, we explored the feasibility of adding MPC at high proportions as a comonomer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-based hydrogels while still allowing for the loading of the hydrophobic resveratrol.

Corneal Confocal Analysis after Scleral Lens Wear in Keratoconus Patients: A Pilot Study.

Significance: Scleral lenses rely on the scleroconjunctival region without bearing the cornea, which could improve the symptoms and modify the corneal nerve plexus morphology.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate symptoms and changes in corneal nerve plexus morphology and density of Langerhans cells in keratoconus patients with and without intrastromal corneal ring before and after scleral lens wear.

Methods: Sixteen scleral lens wearers with keratoconus were recruited for this short-term experimental pilot study.

Pluronic®/casein micelles for ophthalmic delivery of resveratrol: In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo tests.

Ocular health may strongly benefit from the supply of antioxidant agents that counteract free radicals and reactive oxygen species responsible for long-term eye diseases. Additionally, natural antioxidants like resveratrol can inhibit bacteria growth and restore natural microbiota. However, their use is hindered by limited solubility, fast degradation, and low ocular permeability.

Short and long term corneal biomechanical analysis after overnight orthokeratology.

Aim: To investigate the short and long term corneal biomechanical changes after overnight orthokeratology (OK) and compare them with those occurring in subjects not wearing contact lenses.

Methods: Retrospective case control study enrolling 54 subjects that were divided into three groups 18 subjects each: control group (CG), short term (15 nights) OK (STOK) group, and long term (more than 1y of OK wear) OK (LTOK) group. Corneal biomechanics were characterized using the CorVis ST system (Oculus), recording parameters such as time [first/second applanation time (AT1, AT2)], speed [velocity of corneal apex at the first/second applanation time (AV1, AV2)], and amplitude of deformation (AD1, AD2) in the first and second corneal flattening, corneal stiffness (SPA1), biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure (bIOP) and corneal (CBI) and tomographic biomechanical indices (TBI).