Conservation benefits of a large marine protected area network that spans multiple ecosystems.

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are widely implemented tools for long-term ocean conservation and resource management. Assessments of MPA performance have largely focused on specific ecosystems individually and have rarely evaluated performance across multiple ecosystems either in an individual MPA or across an MPA network. We evaluated the conservation performance of 59 MPAs in California's large MPA network, which encompasses 4 primary ecosystems (surf zone, kelp forest, shallow reef, deep reef) and 4 bioregions, and identified MPA attributes that best explain performance.

Understanding pediatric cervicofacial non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection.

Cervicofacial non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection should be a part of the differential diagnosis for immunocompetent children ages 1 to 5 years who present with painless submandibular or preauricular lymphadenopathy. Although a benign and self-limiting disease, patients can develop a chronically draining fistula if not diagnosed and treated promptly. The diagnostic process can be managed with a combination of microbiological studies, cytology, laboratory tests, and imaging studies.

The Puck Stops Here: Head and Neck Ice Hockey Lacerations in Adults.

Objective: The goal of this study was to describe lacerations of the head and neck sustained among ice hockey players in the US.

Methods: Data on adult (20-65 years) ice hockey injuries were collected from the 2003-2022 National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database. Injuries of the head, neck, face, mouth, and ears were included, while those sustained as a spectator, coach, or on a non-ice surface were excluded.

Assessment of impulsivity using an automated, self-adjusting delay discounting procedure.

Modelling delay discounting behavior in rodents is important for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms underlying cognitive control and associated impulsivity disorders. Conventional rodent delay discounting procedures require extensive training and frequent experimenter interaction, as rodents are tested in separate operant chambers away from their home cage. To address these limitations, we adapted and characterize here a self-adjusting delay discounting procedure to an automated CombiCage setup.

Pediatric neck injuries associated with trampoline use.

Objective: Trampolines are popular among children, but trampoline injuries constitute a large number of emergency department visits. The purpose of this study was to determine how often neck injuries occur among children with trampoline-related injuries and to identify the mechanism of injury.

Methods: We analyzed the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database to characterize patient demographics, injury types, injury subsite, and emergency department disposition status associated with trampoline related neck injuries between 2012 and 2021 in the United States.

Designing a blockchain technology platform for enhancing the pre-exposure prophylaxis care continuum.

Objectives: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a key biomedical intervention for ending the HIV epidemic in the United States, but its uptake is impeded by systemic barriers, including fragmented workflows and ineffective data coordination. This study aims to design PrEPLinker, a blockchain-based, client-centered platform to enhance care to address these challenges by improving care coordination and enabling clients to securely manage their identity and PrEP-related data.

Materials And Methods: Using Houston, Texas, as a use case, we conducted a needs assessment with PrEP collaborators to evaluate existing workflows and identify barriers in the PrEP care continuum.

Telehealth in emergency medicine residency training: A model curriculum.

Emergency physicians are well-positioned to take a leadership role in telehealth, particularly in emerging categories such as triage, direct acute unscheduled care, and virtual observation. However, the growth of telehealth has outpaced curricular development in emergency medicine (EM) residency programs. This manuscript presents a model longitudinal telehealth curriculum, developed by the consensus of education experts, including representatives from the telehealth interest groups from EM's two primary specialty societies: the American College of Emergency Physicians and the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.

Involving People With Lived Experience in Electronic Health Record Database Studies Reflections and Learning From the CHOOSE Study.

Background: Patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) is integral to health research. Reporting of PPIE methods and impact is becoming increasingly common in health research. However, reporting on PPIE in studies using large, routinely collected electronic health record data sets is less common.

Prevalence of Mild and Severe Cognitive Impairment in World Trade Center Exposed Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) and General Emergency Responders.

Background: The emergency personnel who responded to the World Trade Center (WTC) attacks endured severe occupational exposures, yet the prevalence of cognitive impairment remains unknown among WTC-exposed-FDNY-responders. The present study screened for mild and severe cognitive impairment in WTC-exposed FDNY responders using objective tests, compared prevalence rates to a cohort of non-FDNY WTC-exposed responders, and descriptively to meta-analytic estimates of MCI from global, community, and clinical populations.

Methods: A sample of WTC-exposed-FDNY responders (n = 343) was recruited to complete an extensive battery of cognitive, psychological, and physical tests.

Effect of Sleep Duration and Concussion History on Neurocognitive Testing Symptoms for Post-injury States.

Objective: Evaluate the influence of sleep duration and concussion history on postconcussion symptoms in adolescent athletes.

Design: Observational retrospective study using the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing and Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS). Multivariable linear regression assessed sleep hours against 22 PCSS symptoms, controlling for demographic and health variables.

Novel minimally invasive irrigating catheter approach for subdural empyema: a case report.

Objective: To present a new technique for the management of subdural empyema to promote resolution and prevent recurrence.

Background: Classic treatment for subdural empyema (SDE) has consisted of antibiotics and surgical treatment with either craniotomy or burrholes. There are still several complications that persist after current treatment, including relatively high rates of morbidity and mortality.

Systematic Review of Surgical Success, Complications, Revision Rates, Radiation Dosage, and Operative Time of 3D-Navigated versus Non-Navigated Spinal Procedures.

Objective: Three-dimensional (3D) navigation offers real-time guidance in surgery. However, there is limited and inconsistent data regarding the usability, safety, and efficacy. To address gaps in knowledge about 3D navigation in spinal surgery, we conducted a comprehensive review of success rates, complications, revisions, radiation exposure, and operative time associated with Federal and Drug Administration-approved 3D surgical navigation tools.

Delayed Screw Migration Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion.

Objective: To identify the clinical and surgical characteristics and treatment options of patients suffering delayed (>1 month) screw back-out after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

Methods: A systematic review was performed searching Embase, Medline, and Scopus for relevant case studies and case series of delayed screw back-out after ACDF.

Results: A total of 25 studies encompassing 31 patients were identified and included.

Detection of Aberrant Carotid Arteries Prior to an Adenoidectomy: A Case Report.

Aberrant carotid arteries are rare vascular anomalies that can significantly complicate head and neck surgeries, particularly in pediatric patients. These anomalies may be asymptomatic and are often discovered incidentally on imaging studies performed for unrelated conditions. The failure to recognize these anomalies preoperatively can result in life-threatening complications, such as catastrophic hemorrhage.

Quality of Information on Lip Tie in YouTube Videos: A Content Analysis.

Objective "Lip tie" is a term that has become commonly used to refer to a prominent or short maxillary frenulum and is controversially associated with difficulties in breastfeeding. There has been a rise in the popularity of lip tie division without clear expert agreement on the indications and benefits of treatment. Our study aims to determine the quality of information on YouTube about lip ties.

Age-dependent trends in pediatric maxillary frenum classification.

Objective: To describe maxillary frenum Kotlow scores in a pediatric population.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for children ages 0-19 years old seen at a pediatric otolaryngology clinic by one surgeon from March-December 2022. Inclusion criteria required a recorded maxillary frenum Kotlow score.

Exposure duration and cerebral amyloidosis in the olfactory cortex of World Trade Center responders: A positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging study.

Background: Amyloid-β proteins, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, are believed to play an adaptive role in the cerebral immune response.

Objective: Amyloid is believed to play a role in cerebral immune response and could play a similar role in response to air pollution exposures. In the present study, we examined whether WTC exposure duration was associated with cerebral amyloidosis in WTC responders.

Insomnia partially mediates the relationship between anxiogenic and depressogenic traits and state anxiety and depression in college students.

Objective: Insomnia, anxiety, and depression are common and co-morbid amongst college students. The mechanisms by which trait factors like intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety sensitivity connect to state anxiety and depression is unclear, but insomnia may mediate that relationship.

Participants: College students ( = 439) were recruited from national and local sources.

The Effects of Lucid Dreaming and Nightmares on Sleep Quality and Mental Health Outcomes.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate relationships between lucid dreaming and sleep and mental health outcomes within a representative sample of the general population. We also sought to examine how nightmares interact with the relationship between lucid dreaming, sleep, and mental health outcomes.

Methods: Participants ( = 1332) completed measures of lucid dream frequency, nightmare frequency, anxiety and depressive symptoms, stress, and sleep quality.

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Associated with Increased Home Discharge Rates in Geriatric Patients with Cervical Disc Herniation Compared to Posterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion: A Propensity-Matched Analysis.

Introduction: Cervical disc herniation often necessitates surgery in elderly patients when nonoperative treatments fail. This study compares discharge outcomes of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) vs. posterior cervical decompression and fusion (PCDF) in geriatric patients.

New strategies for the cognitive science of dreaming.

Dreams have long captivated human curiosity, but empirical research in this area has faced significant methodological challenges. Recent interdisciplinary advances have now opened up new opportunities for studying dreams. This review synthesizes these advances into three methodological frameworks and describes how they overcome historical barriers in dream research.