Linking local labour market conditions across the life course to retirement age: Pathways of health, employment status, occupational class and educational achievement, using 60 years of the 1946 British Birth Cohort.

Several studies have documented that older workers who live in areas with higher unemployment rates are more likely to leave work for health and non-health reasons. Due to tracking of area disadvantage over the life course, and because negative individual health and socioeconomic factors are more likely to develop in individuals from disadvantaged areas, we do not know at what specific ages, and through which specific pathways, area unemployment may be influencing retirement age. Using data from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development, we use structural equation modelling to investigate pathways linking local authority unemployment at three ages (4y, 26y and 53y) to age of retirement (right-censored).

Gender differences and individual, household, and workplace characteristics: Regional geographies of extended working lives.

Increasing labour market participation among older workers is embedded in government policy in the United Kingdom and many other industrialised countries with rises in the state pension age in response to increasing life expectancy. Despite this, many workers stop working before state pension age with around a 20% reduction in the proportion of adults in work between ages 50 and 60 in 2011 in England and Wales. This paper considers the risk of remaining in work by region and gender between 2001 and 2011 for adults aged 40-49 in 2001.

Qualitative research: An overview of emerging approaches for data collection.

Objective: The aim of this study was to introduce new approaches to conduct qualitative research that may provide valuable insight into issues related to education, training and patient care in psychiatry.

Conclusions: A variety of data-collection tools is available for researchers and practitioners in psychiatry. These can be used independently or in conjunction with other quantitative and qualitative methods.

Type I interferon induces CXCL13 to support ectopic germinal center formation.

Ectopic lymphoid structures form in a wide range of inflammatory conditions, including infection, autoimmune disease, and cancer. In the context of infection, this response can be beneficial for the host: influenza A virus infection-induced pulmonary ectopic germinal centers give rise to more broadly cross-reactive antibody responses, thereby generating cross-strain protection. However, despite the ubiquity of ectopic lymphoid structures and their role in both health and disease, little is known about the mechanisms by which inflammation is able to convert a peripheral tissue into one that resembles a secondary lymphoid organ.

New homogenization approaches for stochastic transport through heterogeneous media.

The diffusion of molecules in complex intracellular environments can be strongly influenced by spatial heterogeneity and stochasticity. A key challenge when modelling such processes using stochastic random walk frameworks is that negative jump coefficients can arise when transport operators are discretized on heterogeneous domains. Often this is dealt with through homogenization approximations by replacing the heterogeneous medium with an effective homogeneous medium.

Teaching and Learning in an Active Learning Classroom: A Mixed-Methods Empirical Cohort Study of Dental Hygiene Students.

The aim of this study was to discover how an active learning classroom (ALC) influenced the teaching and learning of dental radiology with dental hygiene students through a mixed-methods approach. A year-long observation of a dental hygiene professor who was teaching two consecutive courses in an ALC was conducted in 2015-16. Nineteen classes were recorded and transcribed, and observational notes on classroom activities were taken.

Invaluable Resources.

As an oncology nurse and lifelong beneficiary of libraries and librarians, I know that libraries provide a solid foundation to frame our points of view, practice strategies, and policies. Even in this age of "just Google that," any sturdy, scholarly response is rooted in the literature, relying on libraries or, in this day and age, information resources. But, let's face it, the most robust access to any library system is not possible without the help of an expert navigator: a librarian who knows how to mine information and package it for our own needs.

Qualitative study of owner perceptions of chronic pain in their dogs.

OBJECTIVE To understand the experiences of owners of dogs with chronic pain and explore owner perceptions of their pets' pain. DESIGN Observational study. SAMPLE 10 owners of dogs with chronic pain.

Facial expressions of authenticity: Emotion variability increases judgments of trustworthiness and leadership.

People automatically generate first impressions from others' faces, even with limited time and information. Most research on social face evaluation focuses on static morphological features that are embedded "in the face" (e.g.

Country-level welfare-state measures and change in wellbeing following work exit in early old age: evidence from 16 European countries.

Background: Although the effects of individual-level factors on wellbeing change following work exit have been identified, the role of welfare-state variables at the country level has yet to be investigated.

Methods: Data on 8037 respondents aged 50 years and over in 16 European countries were drawn from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). We employed multilevel models to assess determinants of change in wellbeing following work exit, using CASP-12 change scores.

Access to Care.

More and more community cancer care centers are shifting the model of delivery. In two years, 423 individual clinic treatment sites have closed, 658 oncology practices have been acquired by hospital systems, and 359 practices have struggled financially. These statistics represent an 11.

Evaluating the impact of 2006 Australasian Clinical Practice Guidelines for nutrition in children with cystic fibrosis in Australia.

Objectives: To determine the association between the implementation of the 2006 Australasian Clinical Practice Guidelines for Nutrition in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) and the nutritional status of children participating in the Australian Cystic Fibrosis Data Registry (ACFDR).

Methods: This research consisted of a quantitative study using ACFDR data and a survey of clinicians and dietitians treating children with CF. Two independent cohorts of children (2-5 years and 6-11 years) were selected from ACFDR between 1998 and 2014 (N = 2304).

When Sexual Trauma Survivors with Severe Psychiatric Disabilities Experience Institutional Care.

Individuals with severe psychiatric disabilities face many challenges from their experience of mental health problems, but also from disenfranchisement, marginalization, and stigmatization from a sociocultural experience. Those who are sexual trauma survivors also have unique challenges and intersecting experiences, which are not historically well understood, acknowledged, or treated in U.S.

Breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastmilk feeding for moderate and late preterm infants in the Family Integrated Care trial: a mixed methods protocol.

Background: Breastmilk is the ideal nutrition for preterm infants. Yet, breastmilk feeding rates among preterm infants are substantially lower than those of full-term infants. Barriers incurred through hospital care practices as well as the physical environment of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) can result in physical and emotional separation of infants from their parents, posing a substantial risk to establishing and maintaining breastfeeding.

Changes in autonomy, job demands and working hours after diagnosis of chronic disease: a comparison of employed and self-employed older persons using the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA).

Background: Modifications in working conditions can accommodate changing needs of chronically ill persons. The self-employed may have more possibilities than employees to modify their working conditions. We investigate how working conditions change following diagnosis of chronic disease for employed and self-employed older persons.

Targeting Nicotine Addiction.

Smoking cessation remains a high priority in oncology nursing practice. That priority gained additional visibility in 2014 when the Oncology Nursing Society (ONS) endorsed the tobacco position statement of the International Society of Nurses in Cancer Care, emphasizing the potential for nurses to reduce adult and youth tobacco use.

Characteristic time scales for diffusion processes through layers and across interfaces.

This paper presents a simple tool for characterizing the time scale for continuum diffusion processes through layered heterogeneous media. This mathematical problem is motivated by several practical applications such as heat transport in composite materials, flow in layered aquifers, and drug diffusion through the layers of the skin. In such processes, the physical properties of the medium vary across layers and internal boundary conditions apply at the interfaces between adjacent layers.

Correction to: Assessing size of pituitary adenomas: a comparison of qualitative and quantitative methods on MR.

We have incorrectly described the ellipsoid equation as being calculated using maximal diameters. It is in fact calculated using half the maximal diameter, i.e.

Modelling mass diffusion for a multi-layer sphere immersed in a semi-infinite medium: application to drug delivery.

We present a general mechanistic model of mass diffusion for a composite sphere placed in a large ambient medium. The multi-layer problem is described by a system of diffusion equations coupled via interlayer boundary conditions such as those imposing a finite mass resistance at the external surface of the sphere. While the work is applicable to the generic problem of heat or mass transfer in a multi-layer sphere, the analysis and results are presented in the context of drug kinetics for desorbing and absorbing spherical microcapsules.

Mid-life psychosocial work environment as a predictor of work exit by age 50.

Objectives: To examine whether psychosocial work characteristics at age 45 years predict exit from the labour market by the age of 50 years in data from the 1958 British Birth Cohort.

Methods: Psychosocial work characteristics (decision latitude, job demands, job strain and work social support at 45 years and job insecurity at 42 years) measured by questionnaire were linked to employment outcomes (unemployment, retirement, permanent sickness, homemaking) at 50 years in 6510 male and female participants.

Results: Low decision latitude (RR = 2.

Annual Rite of Spring.

Some consider spring the preparation for summer, a dress rehearsal for the primary season of high expectations to recharge. But spring for oncology nurses means coming together at the annual Oncology Nursing Society Congress.

Occupational and educational inequalities in exit from employment at older ages: evidence from seven prospective cohorts.

Objectives: Past studies have identified socioeconomic inequalities in the timing and route of labour market exit at older ages. However, few studies have compared these trends cross-nationally and existing evidence focuses on specific institutional outcomes (such as disability pension and sickness absence) in Nordic countries. We examined differences by education level and occupational grade in the risks of work exit and health-related work exit.

Shame and Depressive Symptoms: Self-compassion and Contingent Self-worth as Mediators?

Research has identified the experience of shame as a relevant predictor of depressive symptoms. Building upon resilience theory, this is the first study to investigate if self-compassion and/or contingent self-worth (i.e.

Development and Persistence of Suspected Neuropathic Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty in Individuals With Osteoarthritis.

Background: Despite the effectiveness of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for osteoarthritis (OA), up to 20% will report knee pain 1 year after surgery. One possible reason is the development of neuropathic pain before or after TKA.

Objective: To longitudinally describe suspected neuropathic pain in patients pre- and post-TKA and to explore relations between pre-TKA suspected neuropathic pain and post-TKA outcomes.