PERS&O (PERsistent Sitagliptin treatment & Outcomes): observational retrospective study on cardiovascular risk evolution in patients with type 2 diabetes on persistent sitagliptin treatment.

Objectives: The UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Risk Engine (RE) provides the best risk estimates available for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), so it was applied to patients on persistent sitagliptin treatment.

Design: A 'real-world' retrospective, observational, single-center study.

Setting: The study was performed in a general hospital in Northern Italy in order: (1) to validate UKPDS RE in a cohort of Italian participants with T2D without prespecified diabetes duration, with/without cardiovascular (CV) disease, treated with sitagliptin; (2) to confirm CV risk gender difference; (3) to evaluate the effect on metabolic control and on CV risk evolution obtained by 'add-on' persistent sitagliptin treatment.

Sex differences in food choices, adherence to dietary recommendations and plasma lipid profile in type 2 diabetes - The TOSCA.IT study.

Background And Aims: Diabetic women have a more adverse plasma lipid profile than men. Sex differences in dietary habits may play a role, but are little investigated. The study evaluates the quality of diet, adherence to the nutritional recommendations of the Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group and their relation with plasma lipid in men and women with diabetes.

Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and parathyroid hormone.

Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) is the most common form of secondary osteoporosis. Bisphosphonates are considered the first-line treatment option for the majority of glucocorticoid-treated patients at increased risk of fractures. However, the anti-resorptive mechanism of bisphosphonates does not address the major pathophysiological mechanisms of impaired bone formation during chronic glucocorticoid treatment.

Pituitary tumours: inflammatory and granulomatous expansive lesions of the pituitary.

Inflammatory and granulomatous diseases of the pituitary are rare causes of sellar masses. Lymphocytic hypophysitis is the most relevant of these disorders, and it is characterised by autoimmune pathogenesis with focal or diffuse inflammatory infiltration and varying degrees of pituitary gland destruction. Endocrine symptoms may include partial or total hypopituitarism, with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency being the earliest and most frequent alteration.

Vertebral fractures in males with type 2 diabetes treated with rosiglitazone.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between osteoporotic vertebral fractures and rosiglitazone treatment and the influence on this association of bone mineral density (BMD) and duration of diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated BMD by DXA and the prevalence of radiological vertebral fractures identified by a quantitative morphometric analysis in 43 males with type 2 diabetes under metformin alone (22 cases) or associated with rosiglitazone (21 cases) and in 22 control non-diabetic subjects attending an out-patient bone clinic.

Results: Vertebral fractures were found in 46.