Intrathecal Morphine Versus Ketamine in Postoperative Pain After Hysterectomy: Double-Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Abdominal hysterectomy is one of the most commonly performed gynecologic surgical procedures and is frequently associated with moderate to severe pain. The present study compared the effects of morphine and ketamine on postoperative analgesia, hemodynamic stability, and postoperative adverse effects in patients who underwent abdominal hysterectomy.

Design: This randomized controlled trial compares the effects of morphine plus adjuvants to those of ketamine plus adjuvants, administered as spinal anesthetic agents in patients who underwent abdominal hysterectomy.

Vascular protection of lacidipine in salt-loaded Dahl-S rats at nonsustained antihypertensive doses.

The aim of this study was to characterize the antihypertensive and vasoprotective properties of lacidipine in salt-loaded Dahl-S rats, a suitable animal model of malignant hypertension. After 9 weeks of a high (8%) sodium chloride (NaCl) diet, 80% of the untreated Dahl-S rats died (20% survival rate) whereas a 100% survival rate was observed with chronic treatment with lacidipine at doses of 0.1 (equivalent to the recommended dose in humans), 0.

Lacidipine: a calcium antagonist with potent and long-lasting antihypertensive effects in animal studies.

Lacidipine, currently being evaluated as a once-daily antihypertensive agent, acted as a calcium entry blocker on rabbit ear artery (pA2 = 9.4) with a markedly slower onset of action than that of nitrendipine; this effect was not reversed after 9 h of drug washout. Calcium entry blocker activity was also evaluated on nonvascular smooth muscles: Lacidipine showed a more pronounced vascular selectivity than nitrendipine; for both drugs, concentrations required to induce negative inotropic effects in guinea pig ventricular strip were approximately 100 times higher than concentrations needed to antagonize calcium contraction in vascular smooth muscle.

Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on conditioned reflex learning rate and retention in laboratory animals.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of acetyl-L-carnitine on learning and/or memory processes in laboratory animals. In the water maze test, acetyl-L-carnitine, given intraperitoneally at doses ranging from 0.3 to 100 mg/kg, improved performances in both mice and rats.

Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine treatment on some behavioural, histochemical and histological parameters of methylazoxymethanol microencephalic rats.

The effect of methylazoxymethanol (MAM) administration at the 15th gestational day on some behavioural and morpho-functional parameters of rat brain was investigated. The effect of a 13-15-day treatment of acetyl-L-carnitine on the same parameters was also assessed. MAM microencephalic rats showed a significant impairment in water-maze and pole-climbing tests.

Detection of active Epstein-Barr infection in pregnant women.

Sera taken from pregnant patients and their newborns at delivery were examined for evidence of primary or reactivated Epstein-Barr virus infection. Of 102 women, 37 showed serological signs of reactivated and two signs of primary infection. A mild congenital defect was observed in association with one of the two cases of maternal primary infection.

Serological screening for the prevention of transfusion-acquired cytomegalovirus infection.

The presence of antibodies against cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced immediate-early antigens (IEA), early antigens (EA) and late antigens (LA) was sought in 500 healthy blood donors. Antibodies to late antigens were detected in 76% and antibodies to immediate-early and early antigens were detected in 9.6% and 10.

Rapid detection of antibodies against cytomegalovirus induced immediate early and early antigens by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting antibodies against cytomegalovirus induced immediate early antigens and early antigens was developed using purified nuclear antigens and was compared with the indirect immunofluorescence test. The tests were comparable in their ability to detect positive and negative sera, and antibody titres determined by both assays were similar. The use of ELISA for the detection of antibodies against cytomegalovirus induced immediate early and early antigens is advocated in diagnostic and research laboratories.

Effects of pildralazine alone and in combination on severe hypertension and cerebrovascular lesions in saline-drinking spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The efficacy of long-term treatments with the vasodilator antihypertensive pildralazine alone and in combination with propranolol or dihydrochlorothiazide in preventing blood pressure increase and cerebrovascular lesions in saline-drinking spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was evaluated. Groups of 20-40 animals were treated daily for 13 weeks. At the end of the experiments the brains were examined histologically and vascular lesions, ranging from arterial wall damage to cerebral infarction, were checked.

Human cytomegalovirus cycle in synchronized cells: electron microscope study.

Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was inoculated in synchronized human fibroblasts at different phases of the cell cycle. the virus replication appeared strongly dependent on the host metabolic state, being faster when the infection was carried out in G2 and S phase.

Serum antibody profile against herpesviruses in renal transplant recipients.

Forty-eight renal allograft recipients who had received a kidney graft 2 months to 8 years previously, were followed for the presence of serum antibody against Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV), and Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV). These investigations were performed over a 6 months period and in at least two serum samples from each patient, obtained at intervals of 2-3 months. The presence of serological signs of recent or active infection were observed in 31 patients for CMV, in 22 patients for EBV (18 patients were positive both for CMV and EBV) and only in 3 patients for HSV, while no patients showed serological signs of recent or active infection by VZV.

Pharmacological studies on cadralazine: a new antihypertensive vasodilator drug.

Cadralazine is a new, orally effective antihypertensive vasodilator. Acute experiments indicate that the compound reduces blood pressure and increases heart rate. The doses which reduce systolic blood pressure by 25% (ED25) are very similar after oral and intravenous administration (spontaneously hypertensive rats, 1.

3-Hydrazinopyridazine derivatives as inhibitors of pyridoxal-phosphate dependent enzymes.

A series 3-hydrazinopyridazine derivatives with anti-hypertensive properties was studied as inhibitors of pyridoxal-phosphate dependent enzymes. All the compounds with a free hydrazino group were found to be strong inhibitors in vitro. In vivo inactive compounds became active at doses which exert a hypotensive action.

Semisynthetic beta-Lactam antibiotics. II. Penicillins from alpha-hydrazinoarylacetic acids.

A number of penicillins (2) have been synthesized from the alpha-hydrazinoarylacetic acids (4) via the activated chloride hydrochlorides (5) or via the mixed anhydride of the corresponding N2-benzyloxycarbonyl derivatives (6). The penicillins, 2b, e, j, show good activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and enhanced penicillinase resistance in comparison with ampicillin.

Quinoxaline studies. 23. Potential antimalarials. Substituted 5,8-dimethoxy-6-[N-(omega-dimethylaminoalkyl)amino]quinoxalines were prepared: the first series with identical 2,3-substituents H, CH3, C6H5, C6H4-4-Cl, and CH2C6H5; and the second with identical styryl groups CH=CHC6H5, CH=CHC6H4-4-Cl, CH=CHC6H3-3,4-Cl2, CH=CHC6H4-4-F, CH=CHC6H4-4-CF3, and CH=CHC6H4-4-NO2. None of the substances possessed antimalarial activity; several were toxic at highest dosage levels.

3-Hydrazinopyridazines substituted in position 6 with a primary amine, secondary amine, or an alkoxy group were synthesized and screened for antihypertensive activity. In general, the 6-dialklamino derivatives are the most active; the (2-hydroxypropyl)methylamino chain provides the best combination of high antihypertensive activity and toxicity.