Repeated measures of mammographic density and texture to evaluate prediction and risk of breast cancer: a systematic review of the methods used in the literature.

Purpose: It may be important for women to have mammograms at different points in time to track changes in breast density, as fluctuations in breast density can affect breast cancer risk. This systematic review aimed to assess methods used to relate repeated mammographic images to breast cancer risk.

Methods: The databases including Medline (Ovid) 1946-, Embase.

Modifiable risk factors in women at high risk of breast cancer: a systematic review.

Background: Modifiable risk factors (alcohol, smoking, obesity, hormone use, and physical activity) affect a woman's breast cancer (BC) risk. Whether these factors affect BC risk in women with inherited risk (family history, BRCA1/2 mutations, or familial cancer syndrome) remains unclear.

Methods: This review included studies on modifiable risk factors for BC in women with inherited risk.

Efficacy of Postpartum Pharmacologic Thromboprophylaxis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacologic venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in postpartum patients.

Data Sources: On February 21, 2022, a literature search was conducted on Embase.com , Ovid-Medline All, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.

Studies of parenchymal texture added to mammographic breast density and risk of breast cancer: a systematic review of the methods used in the literature.

This systematic review aimed to assess the methods used to classify mammographic breast parenchymal features in relation to the prediction of future breast cancer. The databases including Medline (Ovid) 1946-, Embase.com 1947-, CINAHL Plus 1937-, Scopus 1823-, Cochrane Library (including CENTRAL), and Clinicaltrials.

Non-invasive bladder function measures in healthy, asymptomatic female children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common in children and adolescents. Non-invasive tests evaluating bladder function are generally preferred over invasive tests, yet few studies have explored the range of normative values for these tests in healthy, asymptomatic children.

Objective: To define normative reference ranges for non-invasive tests of bladder function in healthy, asymptomatic girls and adolescents.

Maternal Oxygen Supplementation Compared With Room Air for Intrauterine Resuscitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Supplemental oxygen is commonly administered to pregnant women at the time of delivery to prevent fetal hypoxia and acidemia. There is mixed evidence on the utility of this practice.

Objective: To compare the association of peripartum maternal oxygen administration with room air on umbilical artery (UA) gas measures and neonatal outcomes.

Curbing the Cough: Multimodal Treatments for Neurogenic Cough: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives/hypothesis: Neurogenic cough affects 11% of Americans and causes significant detriment to quality of life. With the advent of novel therapies, the objective of this review is to determine how procedural therapies (e.g.

Normative noninvasive bladder function measurements in healthy women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: To conduct an evidence synthesis of normative reference values for bladder function parameters in women.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting bladder function parameters obtained from noninvasive tests in healthy women. Seven databases were searched for relevant studies from inception through December 2018, with manual searching of reference lists.

Too much or too little? A systematic review of postparetic synkinesis treatment.

Synkinesis is a negative sequela of facial nerve recovery. Despite the need for effective treatment, controversy exists regarding optimal management and outcome reporting measures. The goals of this study were to evaluate the current synkinesis literature and compare the effectiveness of treatment modalities.

The value of a second reviewer for study selection in systematic reviews.

Background: Although dual independent review of search results by two reviewers is generally recommended for systematic reviews, there are not consistent recommendations regarding the timing of the use of the second reviewer. This study compared the use of a complete dual review approach, with two reviewers in both the title/abstract screening stage and the full-text screening stage, as compared with a limited dual review approach, with two reviewers only in the full-text stage.

Methods: This study was performed within the context of a large systematic review.

Geriatric Assessment and Frailty Scores Predict Mortality in Myeloma: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The incidence of multiple myeloma is increasing as the proportion of older adults is growing rapidly. A critical evaluation of the evidence available is needed to guide the management of older patients with myeloma. A systematic review was conducted to report the prognostic value of geriatric assessment and frailty scores in older patients with multiple myeloma.

Multimorbidity in randomized controlled trials of behavioral interventions: A systematic review.

Objective: As the population with multiple chronic conditions (MCC) increases, it is essential that randomized controlled trials (RCTs) consider MCC. Behavioral interventions have the potential to positively impact MCC patient outcomes; however, a comprehensive review of consideration of MCC in these trials has not been conducted. The purpose of this systematic review is to determine the frequency with which participants with MCC are represented in behavioral intervention RCTs targeting chronic illness published 2000-2014.

Letrozole Compared With Clomiphene Citrate for Unexplained Infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To estimate the clinical effectiveness, as determined by positive pregnancy test, of letrozole compared with clomiphene citrate for ovarian stimulation in patients with unexplained infertility.

Data Sources: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from electronic databases including Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, and ClinicalTrials.gov.

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Ketamine as an Alternative to Opioids for Acute Pain in the Emergency Department.

Background: Opioids are commonly prescribed in the emergency department (ED) for the treatment of acute pain. Analgesic alternatives are being explored in response to an epidemic of opioid misuse. Low-dose ketamine (LDK) is one opioid alternative for the treatment of acute pain in the ED.

Prophylactic negative-pressure wound therapy after cesarean is associated with reduced risk of surgical site infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the effect of prophylactic negative-pressure wound therapy on surgical site infections and other wound complications in women after cesarean delivery.

Data Sources: We searched Ovid Medline, Embase, SCOPUS, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and ClinicalTrials.gov.

Antipyretic Therapy in Critically Ill Septic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to examine the impact of antipyretic therapy on mortality in critically ill septic adults.

Data Sources: Literature searches were implemented in Ovid Medline, Embase, Scopus, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, NHS Economic Evaluation Database, and ClinicalTrials.gov through February 2016.

Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy after unilateral breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To examine whether contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) is associated with improved survival, incidence of contralateral breast cancer (CBC), and recurrence in patients with unilateral breast cancer (UBC).

Background: Despite conflicting data, CPM rates continue to increase. Here we present the first meta-analysis to assess post-CPM outcomes in women with UBC.

Barriers to mammography among inadequately screened women.

Mammography use has increased over the past 20 years, yet more than 30% of women remain inadequately screened. Structural barriers can deter individuals from screening, however, cognitive, emotional, and communication barriers may also prevent mammography use. This study sought to identify the impact of number and type of barriers on mammography screening status, and to examine whether number and type of barriers are different for never-screened and off-schedule women.

The effectiveness and risks of bariatric surgery: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis, 2003-2012.

Importance: The prevalence of obesity and outcomes of bariatric surgery are well established. However, analyses of the surgery impact have not been updated and comprehensively investigated since 2003.

Objective: To examine the effectiveness and risks of bariatric surgery using up-to-date, comprehensive data and appropriate meta-analytic techniques.

Geographic and temporal trends in the management of occult primary breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Management of occult primary breast cancer (OPBC), including the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is controversial. We conducted a pooled analysis of OPBC patients and a meta-analysis of MRI accuracy in OPBC in order to elucidate current practices.

Methods: A literature search yielded 201 studies.

Physical activity and urologic cancers.

Despite convincing evidence that physical activity protects against colon and breast cancers, the association of physical activity with urologic cancers is less well explored. Expert panels have previously found a probably protective benefit for prostate cancer, but insufficient evidence for other urologic cancers. We review the evidence for testicular, kidney/renal, bladder, and prostate cancers, including whether benefits may exist within subgroups.

Cost-effectiveness of bariatric surgery: should it be universally available?

This paper is the first to conduct cost-effectiveness analyses of bariatric surgery comparing obese patients with obesity-related diseases to obese people without comorbidities across different BMI categories, using the meta-analysis results of surgery outcomes for our effectiveness inputs. We find that surgery treatment is in general cost-effective for people whose BMI is greater than 35 kg/m(2) with or without obesity-related comorbidities, and it is even cost-saving for super obese (BMI ≥ 50 kg/m(2)) with obesity-related comorbidities. Our results also suggest that surgery can be cost-effective for the mildly obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)).