Human T1 and T2 cells targeting rhinovirus and allergen coordinately promote allergic asthma.

Background: Allergic asthmatic subjects are uniquely susceptible to acute wheezing episodes provoked by rhinovirus. However, the underlying immune mechanisms and interaction between rhinovirus and allergy remain enigmatic, and current paradigms are controversial.

Objective: We sought to perform a comprehensive analysis of type 1 and type 2 innate and adaptive responses in allergic asthmatic subjects infected with rhinovirus.

Wheezing exacerbations in early childhood: evaluation, treatment, and recent advances relevant to the genesis of asthma.

Children who begin wheezing during early childhood are frequently seen by health care providers in primary care, in hospitals, and in emergency departments, and by allergists and pulmonologists. When a young child, such as the 2 year-old patient presented here, is evaluated for wheezing, a frequent challenge for clinicians is to determine whether the symptoms represent transient, viral-induced wheezing or whether sufficient risk factors are present to suspect that the child may experience recurrent wheezing and develop asthma. Most factors that influence prognosis are not mutually exclusive, are interrelated (ie, cofactors), and often represent gene-environment interactions.