Google Trends-Assisted Analysis of the Readability, Accountability, and Accessibility of Online Patient Education Materials for the Treatment of AMD After US FDA Approval of Pegcetacoplan.

To evaluate the readability, accountability, accessibility, and source of online patient education materials for treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to quantify public interest in Syfovre and geographic atrophy after US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. Websites were classified into 4 categories by information source. Readability was assessed using 5 validated readability indices.

Dr. Google vs. Dr. ChatGPT: Exploring the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology by Comparing the Accuracy, Safety, and Readability of Responses to Frequently Asked Patient Questions Regarding Cataracts and Cataract Surgery.

Purpose: Patients are using online search modalities to learn about their eye health. While Google remains the most popular search engine, the use of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has increased. Cataract surgery is the most common surgical procedure in the US, and there is limited data on the quality of online information that populates after searches related to cataract surgery on search engines such as Google and LLM platforms such as ChatGPT.

Association of Cutaneous Keloids, Hypertrophic Scarring, and Fibrosis with Risk of Postoperative Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy.

Purpose: To assess an association between cutaneous keloids, hypertrophic scarring, and fibrosis (KHF) and risk of postoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair.

Design: Retrospective, population-based cohort study.

Participants: Patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent initial retinal detachment (RD) repair with pars plana vitrectomy with or without scleral buckle (SB) (Current Procedural Terminology [CPT] 67108), pneumatic retinopexy (67110), and primary SB (67107) from January 1, 2003, to March 1, 2023.

Factors Affecting Ophthalmology Trainees to Pursue Vitreoretinal Surgery Fellowship.

 The aim of this study was to understand the factors that ophthalmology trainees consider in pursuing vitreoretinal surgery (VRS) fellowship training.  This is a prospective observational survey study. Survey invitations were disseminated to postgraduate year 4 (PGY)-4 ophthalmology residents at Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited residency programs and surgical retina fellows at Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology Fellowship Compliance Committee-compliant fellowship programs in the United States.

Representation of Women in Ophthalmology Subspecialty Societies over 20 Years.

The representation of women has increased over the last 20 years among ophthalmology subspecialty society new membership, award winners, and executive committee membership; however, proportional representation is still lacking at most benchmarks.

Comparison of Telemedicine Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy by Mydriatic Smartphone-Based vs Nonmydriatic Tabletop Camera-Based Fundus Imaging.

Purpose: To compare dilated smartphone-based imaging with a nonmydriatic, tabletop fundus camera as a teleophthalmology screening tool for diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: This was a single-institutional, cross-sectional, comparative-instrument study. Fifty-six patients at a safety-net hospital underwent teleophthalmology screening for DR using standard, nonmydriatic fundus photography with a tabletop camera (Nidek NM-1000) and dilated fundus photography using a smartphone camera with lens adapter (Paxos Scope, Verana Health).

Trends in Leadership and Award Recognition Among Women in the American Society of Retina Specialists.

Purpose: This work evaluates trends in achievement of women in the retina field, through an analysis of gender representation in the American Society of Retina Specialists (ASRS).

Methods: This retrospective, longitudinal study spans 1983 to 2020. Historical data classified by male or female gender were collected from ASRS's overall membership, board of directors and officers, and recipients of the 4 society awards.

The Effect of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment and Severity on Choroidal Thickness in Patients With Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: This work aimed to analyze the association of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with choroidal thickness (CT) in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: We identified patients in the Stanford Research Repository with a diagnosis of CSC and OSA. Age- and sex-matched controls with either CSC or OSA only were also identified.

Nonmydriatic Photographic Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy in Pregnant Patients with Pre-Existing Diabetes in a Safety Net Population: 1 Year Results from the Diabetic Retinopathy in Pregnant Patients Study.

Pregnant patients with pre-existing diabetes mellitus (DM) are at increased risk for development or progression of existing diabetic retinopathy (DR). A quality improvement project was initiated to improve DR screening during pregnancy at a safety net hospital. This article highlights the utility and generalizability of our telemedicine-based screening model.

Vitelliform Vitreoretinopathy: Clinical Implications of the Vitreomacular Interface.

Pathologies of the vitreomacular interface are implicated in a variety of sight-threatening clinical entities. The authors present a photo essay of a case of Terson syndrome with a striking premacular dehemoglobinized hemorrhage with ovoid morphology. This unique "vitelliform" finding highlights the distinct structure of the premacular vitreous space and its important implications in both health and disease.

The Effect of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Absolute Risk of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To determine the incidence of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) stratified by age, sex, and diagnosis with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and to determine whether some patients with newly diagnosed CSC may be candidates for OSA evaluation.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: We used the IBM MarketScan database to select 59,016,145 commercially insured patients in the United States between 2007 and 2016.

Brolucizumab: Evolution through Preclinical and Clinical Studies and the Implications for the Management of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Improving or maintaining visual acuity is the main goal for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Current nAMD standard of care dictates frequent intravitreal (IVT) anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections, which places a substantial burden on patients, caregivers, and physicians. Brolucizumab, a newly developed anti-VEGF molecule for nAMD treatment, has demonstrated longer durability and improvement in visual and anatomic outcomes in clinical studies in a q12-week regimen, indicating its potential to reduce treatment burden as an important therapeutic tool in nAMD management.

Association of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment and Outcomes With the Day of the Week That Patients Undergo a Repair or Receive a Diagnosis.

Importance: Because variation in care on weekends has been reported in many surgical fields, it is of interest if variations were noted for care patterns of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs).

Objective: To assess the association between modality of RRD repair and day of the week that patients receive a diagnosis or undergo RRD repair.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A retrospective claims-based cohort analysis was performed of primary RRD surgery for 38 144 commercially insured patients in the United States who received a diagnosis of incident RRD between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2016, and underwent repair within 14 days of diagnosis.

ENDOGENOUS KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE ENDOPHTHALMITIS IN NORTHERN CALIFORNIA.

Purpose: To report the clinical features, treatment modalities, and visual outcomes in 12 eyes with endogenous Klebsiella pneumoniae endophthalmitis (EKPE).

Methods: The medical records of all patients diagnosed with EKPE at Stanford Hospital (Palo Alto, CA) and Santa Clara Valley County Hospital (Santa Clara, CA) from January 2000 to March 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: A total of 10 patients (12 eyes) were diagnosed with EKPE.

POLYPOIDAL CHOROIDAL VASCULOPATHY: A CLINICOPATHOLOGIC STUDY.

Purpose: To present a unique case of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy presenting as a blind, painful eye with a suspected intraocular mass, and to correlate clinical findings with histopathologic studies.

Methods: Clinical case report and literature review.

Results: A 58-year-old Vietnamese man presented with a blind, painful eye with concern for an intraocular mass.

SMARTPHONE-BASED DILATED FUNDUS PHOTOGRAPHY AND NEAR VISUAL ACUITY TESTING AS INEXPENSIVE SCREENING TOOLS TO DETECT REFERRAL WARRANTED DIABETIC EYE DISEASE.

Purpose: To compare clinical assessment of diabetic eye disease by standard dilated examination with data gathered using a smartphone-based store-and-forward teleophthalmology platform.

Methods: 100 eyes of 50 adult patients with diabetes from a health care safety-net ophthalmology clinic. All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination.

Spontaneous resolution of clinically apparent submacular fluid after scleral buckling surgery.

A 37-year-old man presented with a chronic macula-involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Despite scleral buckle surgery, the eye had clinically apparent submacular fluid for a prolonged period of time. By 1 year postoperatively, the patient had complete recovery of visual function, with residual ellipsoid layer changes on optical coherence tomography.

Morphologic features and evolution of inner retinal dimples on optical coherence tomography after internal limiting membrane peeling.

Purpose: To evaluate morphologic features and the evolution of inner retinal dimples using spectral domain optical coherence tomography after internal limiting membrane peeling.

Methods: A single-center retrospective study of spectral domain optical coherence tomography features in 43 eyes after full-thickness macular hole surgery with internal limiting membrane peeling without adjunctive internal limiting membrane staining.

Results: Postoperatively, a total of 210 dimples were noted in 37 eyes (86%), with a mean of 5.

Embryonic stem cells as a treatment for macular degeneration.

Introduction: Retinal degenerations are typically characterized by loss of highly differentiated cell types within the neurosensory retina, such as photoreceptors, or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). RPE loss is the final common pathway in a number of degenerations including the leading cause of new blindness in the developed world: age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Areas Covered: This paper presents the pathophysiologic case for RPE transplantation with stem cell (SC)-derived tissue, a review of the preclinical data substantiating the hypothesis and the initial clinical trials safety data from early human trials.

Peripheral fluorescein angiographic findings in fellow eyes of patients with branch retinal vein occlusion.

Introduction. Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) is a common retinal vascular condition that results in intraocular inflammatory changes. Ultra wide field fluorescein angiography (UWFFA) is a retinal imaging device that can capture peripheral retinal findings.

Ocriplasmin for vitreoretinal diseases.

Fibronectin and laminin are clinically relevant plasmin receptors in the eye. Located at the vitreoretinal interface, they are cleaved by ocriplasmin (Microplasmin, ThromboGenics, Iselin, NJ), a novel ophthalmic medication. A series of clinical trials to study ocriplasmin for the treatment of vitreoretinal diseases such as vitreomacular traction, macular hole, and exudative age-related macular degeneration are underway.

Embryonic stem cell trials for macular degeneration: a preliminary report.

Background: It has been 13 years since the discovery of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Our report provides the first description of hESC-derived cells transplanted into human patients.

Methods: We started two prospective clinical studies to establish the safety and tolerability of subretinal transplantation of hESC-derived retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in patients with Stargardt's macular dystrophy and dry age-related macular degeneration--the leading cause of blindness in the developed world.