Small, but mitey: investigating the molecular genetic basis for mite domatia development and intraspecific variation in Vitis riparia using transcriptomics.

Here, we investigated the molecular genetic basis of mite domatia, structures on the underside of leaves that house mutualistic mites, and intraspecific variation in domatia size in Vitis riparia (riverbank grape). Domatia and leaf traits were measured, and the transcriptomes of mite domatia from two genotypes of V. riparia with distinct domatia sizes were sequenced to investigate the molecular genetic pathways that regulate domatia development and intraspecific variation in domatia traits.

A historical perspective of Kupffer cells in the context of infection.

The Kupffer cell was first discovered by Karl Wilhelm von Kupffer in 1876, labeling them as "Sternzellen." Since their discovery as the primary macrophages of the liver, researchers have gradually gained an in-depth understanding of the identity, functions, and influential role of Kupffer cells, particularly in infection. It is becoming clear that Kupffer cells perform important tissue-specific functions in homeostasis and disease.

Is psychological resilience associated with changes in youth sport participants' health-related quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic?

This study investigated the quality of life of youth sport participants over the COVID-19 pandemic as moderated by psychological resilience. Participants included 93 high school sport participants (53.76% female, mean age = 15.

Evolutionary signatures of a trade-off in direct and indirect defenses across the wild grape genus, Vitis.

Evolutionary correlations between chemical defense and protection by mutualist bodyguards have been long predicted, but tests of these patterns remain rare. We use a phylogenetic framework to test for evolutionary correlations indicative of trade-offs or synergisms between direct defense in the form of plant secondary metabolism and indirect defense in the form of leaf domatia, across 33 species in the wild grape genus, Vitis. We also performed a bioassay with a generalist herbivore to associate our chemical phenotypes with herbivore palatability.

Sleeve gastrectomy and hypertension: a systematic review of long-term outcomes.

Introduction: Bariatric surgery has been shown to be a safe and durable intervention for patients struggling with obesity and metabolic syndrome, including hypertension. Buchwald et al. reported hypertension resolution rates in 67.

Evaluating the effectiveness of Facebook to impact the knowledge of evidence-based employment practices by individuals with traumatic brain injury: A knowledge translation random control study.

Background: Individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) experience difficulty with obtaining and maintaining employment post-injury. Although vocational rehabilitation (VR) can be one option to provide individuals with TBI support and services to lead to successful employment outcomes, information about these services can be difficult and confusing to navigate. Providing information on evidence-based employment practices to individuals with TBI through social media could be an effective approach.

Rates and Correlates of Binge Drinking Among College Students With Disabilities, United States, 2013.

Objective: Our objective was to provide the first comprehensive picture of alcohol use and binge drinking by US college students with disabilities (SWDs), who represent at least 11% (1.6 million) of the US college student population.

Methods: In fall 2013, we used a stratified random sampling technique to identify and recruit 2440 SWDs from 122 US colleges and universities.

Effects of an employer-based intervention on employment outcomes for youth with significant support needs due to autism.

The purpose of this study was to develop and investigate an employer-based 9-month intervention for high school youth with autism spectrum disorder to learn job skills and acquire employment. The intervention modified a program titled Project SEARCH and incorporated the use of applied behavior analysis to develop Project SEARCH plus Autism Spectrum Disorder Supports. A randomized clinical trial compared the implementation of Project SEARCH plus Autism Spectrum Disorder Supports with high school special education services as usual.

Employment Interventions for Individuals with ASD: The Relative Efficacy of Supported Employment With or Without Prior Project SEARCH Training.

This paper presents findings from a retrospective observational records review study that compares the outcomes associated with implementation of supported employment (SE) with and without prior Project SEARCH with ASD Supports (PS-ASD) on wages earned, time spent in intervention, and job retention. Results suggest that SE resulted in competitive employment for 45 adults with ASD. Twenty-five individuals received prior intervention through PS-ASD while the other 20 individuals received SE only.

Hyperbaric oxygen for blast-related postconcussion syndrome: three-month outcomes.

Objective: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and postconcussion syndrome (PCS) are common among military combatants. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2 ) is a proposed treatment for these conditions, but it has not been rigorously studied. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of HBO2 by 3 months post compression at 2 commonly employed dosing levels to treat PCS; whether specific subgroups may have benefited; and if no overall effect was found, whether benefit is masked by other conditions.

Subjective sleep disturbance in veterans receiving care in the Veterans Affairs Polytrauma System following blast-related mild traumatic brain injury.

Objectives: This investigation sought to characterize prevalence and factors associated with subjective sleep disturbance (SSD) in a clinical sample of veterans with blast-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).

Methods: Adult veterans with history of blast-related mTBI were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Data on demographics, injury, and current symptoms, including SSD, were obtained.

Competitive employment for youth with autism spectrum disorders: early results from a randomized clinical trial.

For most youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), employment upon graduation from high school or college is elusive. Employment rates are reported in many studies to be very low despite many years of intensive special education services. This paper presented the preliminary results of a randomized clinical trial of Project SEARCH plus ASD Supports on the employment outcomes for youth with ASD between the ages of 18-21 years of age.

A survey of substance abuse prevention efforts at Virginia's colleges and universities.

The extremes of college student substance use and the negative consequences students face as a result of such use are of great public health concern. Although a multitude of campus-based substance abuse prevention efforts have appeared in literature, a clear picture of the programs and policies currently in use at colleges and universities is not readily available. This research was undertaken to detail both the efforts aimed at general student samples and those targeting at-risk (eg, Greeks, student athletes) and historically underserved (eg, ethnic minorities, students with disabilities) student groups at colleges and universities in the Commonwealth of Virginia.