Lifestyle Intervention for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease.

Lifestyle medicine is a cornerstone of cardiovascular disease prevention and early disease intervention. A leading cause of death in developed countries, modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular disease like diet, exercise, substance use, and sleep hygiene have significant impacts on population morbidity and mortality. One should address these amendable risks in all patients, independently, and stress the importance of intervention adherence while avoiding the sacrifice of patient trust.

High- and normal-protein diets improve body composition and glucose control in adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial.

Objective: Weight loss of ≥10% improves glucose control and may remit type 2 diabetes (T2D). High-protein (HP) diets are commonly used for weight loss, but whether protein sources, especially red meat, impact weight loss-induced T2D management is unknown. This trial compared an HP diet including beef and a normal-protein (NP) diet without red meat for weight loss, body composition changes, and glucose control in individuals with T2D.

Do outcomes from a behavioral weight loss intervention differ in Alabama versus Colorado?

Background: There are well-established regional differences in obesity prevalence in the United States but relatively little is known about why or whether success in weight loss differs regionally.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether changes in body weight, engagement in physical activity (PA), and psychosocial factors differed in Alabama (AL) versus Colorado (CO) in response to a 16-week behavioral weight loss program.

Design: This is an ancillary study to a weight loss intervention being conducted simultaneously in AL and CO with identical intervention content and delivery in 70 participants ( = 31 AL and  = 39 CO).

Diet pattern may affect fasting insulin in a large sample of black and white adults.

Objective: Dietary modification of insulin resistance may be a strategy for reducing chronic disease. For this study, we tested the hypothesis that higher fasting insulin, a marker for insulin resistance, would be related to diet patterns with a high proportion of carbohydrates, those with a high glycemic index, and those characterized by added sugar and processed starches.

Study Design: Data were analyzed on 13,528 nondiabetic participants of the REasons for Geographic and Ethnic Differences in Stroke (REGARDS), an observational study of adults aged ≥45 years residing in 1855 counties across the continental USA.

A Ketogenic Diet Is Acceptable in Women with Ovarian and Endometrial Cancer and Has No Adverse Effects on Blood Lipids: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Ketogenic diets (KDs) are emerging as effective therapies for several chronic diseases, including cancer. However, concerns regarding safety and adherence may prevent clinicians from prescribing KDs. We hypothesized that a KD does not negatively affect blood lipid profile compared to a lower-fat diet in ovarian and endometrial cancer patients, and that KD subjects would demonstrate acceptable adherence.

Favorable Effects of a Ketogenic Diet on Physical Function, Perceived Energy, and Food Cravings in Women with Ovarian or Endometrial Cancer: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Ketogenic diets (KDs) are gaining attention as a potential adjuvant therapy for cancer, but data are limited for KDs' effects on quality of life. We hypothesized that the KD would (1) improve mental and physical function, including energy levels, (2) reduce hunger, and (3) diminish sweet and starchy food cravings in women with ovarian or endometrial cancer. Participants were randomized to a KD (70:25:5 energy from fat, protein, and carbohydrate) or the American Cancer Society diet (ACS: high-fiber, lower-fat).

A Ketogenic Diet Reduces Central Obesity and Serum Insulin in Women with Ovarian or Endometrial Cancer.

Background: The glycolytic nature of cancer cells presents a potential treatment target that may be addressed by a ketogenic diet (KD).

Objective: We hypothesized that a KD would improve body composition and lower serum insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in women with ovarian or endometrial cancer.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, women with ovarian or endometrial cancer [age: ≥19 y; body mass index (kg/m2): ≥18.