Safety evaluation of a whey protein fraction containing a concentrated amount of naturally occurring TGF-β2.

TM0601p is a whey protein isolate derived from cow milk, containing a concentrated amount of transforming growth factor β2 (TGF-β2), and is intended for nutritional use in infants and adults. In vivo and in vitro studies have been performed to evaluate the safety of this product. In a 13-week toxicity study, treatment of adult Sprague-Dawley rats by gavage at up to 2000mg/kg/day did not result in any significant findings other than minor non-adverse changes in urinary parameters in females.

Major phenolic compounds in olive oil modulate bone loss in an ovariectomy/inflammation experimental model.

This study was conducted to determine whether the daily consumption for 84 days of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, the main olive oil phenolic compounds, and olive oil mill wastewater (OMWW), a byproduct of olive oil production, rich in micronutrients, may improve bone loss in ovariectomized rats (an experimental model of postmenopausal osteoporosis) and in ovariectomized rats with granulomatosis inflammation (a model set up for senile osteoporosis). As expected, an induced chronic inflammation provoked further bone loss at total, metaphyseal, and diaphyseal sites in ovariectomized rats. Tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol prevented this osteopenia by increasing bone formation ( p < 0.

[Mediterranean diet and osteoporosis prevention].

As a result of the demographic shift towards an ageing population, all industrialized countries face a growing prevalence of chronic age-related conditions, particularly osteoporosis. This multifaceted disease is defined as "a systemic skeletal disorder" characterised by low bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue, which results in increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. Two main categories have been suggested: post-menopausal and senile osteoporosis.

Dose-response study of effect of oleuropein, an olive oil polyphenol, in an ovariectomy/inflammation experimental model of bone loss in the rat.

Background & Aims: This study was carried out to assess the dose-dependent bone-sparing effect of oleuropein, an olive oil phenolic compound with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties, on bone loss induced by talc granulomatosis in oestrogen-deficient rat.

Methods: Among 98 rats, 20 were sham-operated (SH) while the others (78) were ovariectomised (OVX). The SH and 26 OVX rats (controls) were given a standard diet for 100 days.

Development of a sensitive and specific solid phase extraction--gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of elenolic acid, hydroxytyrosol, and tyrosol in rat urine.

A novel gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method was developed, using an ion trap mass spectrometer, for the simultaneous determination of olive oil bioactive components, elenolic acid, hydroxytyrosol, and tyrosol, in rat urine. Samples were analyzed by GC-MS/MS prior to and after enzymatic treatment. A solid phase extraction sample pretreatment step with greater than 80% analytical recoveries for all compounds was performed followed by a derivatization reaction prior to GC-MS/MS analysis.

Organic anions and potassium salts in nutrition and metabolism.

The present review examines the importance of dietary organic anions in preventive nutrition. Organic anions are chiefly supplied by plant foods, as partially neutralised K salts such as potassium citrate, potassium malate and, to a lesser extent, oxalate or tartrate salts. Animal products may also supply K anions, essentially as phosphate, but also as lactate as a result of fermentative or maturation processes, but these K salts have little alkalinising significance.

Isoflavone consumption does not increase the bone mass in osteopenic obese female zucker rats.

Some controversy exists in the literature concerning the effects of leptin on bone metabolism. Thus we have compared femoral bone density and biochemical markers of bone metabolism in male and female fatty (leptin-resistant) Zucker rats and their lean homozygous controls at 3 and 6 months of age. At 3 months, no differences concerning total, diaphyseal (cortical bone), and distal metaphyseal (trabecular bone) femoral bone densities, plasma osteocalcin concentrations, and urinary deoxypyridinoline excretion were observed between fatty and lean rats.